1、Unit 5First aid必备知识盘点夯基 BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_aid_ n& vt帮助；援助；资助2_barrier_n屏障；障碍(物)3_organ_n器官4_vital_adj至关重要的；生死攸关的5_pour_vt& vi倒；灌；注；涌6_ceremony_n典礼；仪式；礼节7_swell_vi& vt(使)膨胀；隆起8_ambulance_n救护车9_temporary_adj暂时的；临时的10_squeeze_vt& vi榨；挤；压榨1The survivors of the powerful e
2、arthquake lived in the _temporary_(临时的) tents until the new houses were built 2Regardless of all the _barriers_ (障碍), Mary succeeded, winning invitations from many famous dance schools 3(2020全国卷)After that I poured (倒)oil into a pan and turned off the stove, I waited patiently unless the oil was hot
3、4A terrible accident must have happened there, for two _ambulances_ (ambulance) rushed to the spot just now 5Tom took off his wet clothes and _squeezed_ (squeeze) the water out拓展单词1_press_v压，按_pressure_n压力；挤压；压迫(感)2_injure_vt受伤_injury_n损伤；伤害3_poison_n毒药；毒害vt毒害；使中毒_poisonous_ adj有毒的 4_vary_v变化_variou
4、s_adj各种各样的_variety_n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)5_mild_adj轻微的；温和的；温柔的_mildly_adv轻微地；温和地6_tight_adj窄的；紧的；紧密的_tightly_adv紧地；牢牢地7_firm_ adj(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的_firmly_ adv坚固地；稳定地8_apply_ vt涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi申请；请求；使用；有效_applicant_n申请人_application_n申请9_brave_adj勇敢的_bravely_adv勇敢地_bravery_n勇敢；勇气10_treat_ vt& vi治疗；对待；款待n款待；招待_treat
5、ment_n治疗；疗法；对待；待遇1He got_ injured_ during the football match and the _injury_ was serious (injure)2The people in the flooded area fought _bravely_ against the natural disaster Their _bravery_ deserved to be praised(brave)3Dont _press_ me any longer These days, I cant fall asleep because the coming f
6、inal exam is putting great _pressure_ on me (press)4The _applicants_ who want _to apply_ for the position should hand in their _applications_ (apply) 5People had to _treat_ themselves in their own way before they received the _treatment_ sent by the government (treat)6We like to live a life full of
7、_variety_ and our tastes are _various_ (vary)联想积累：1多种“帮助”aid n& vt 帮助；援助favour n 帮助；好意assist vt 帮助；协助assistance n 帮助；协助support n& vt 支持；帮助sponsor vt 赞助2“-ure”后缀的高频名词小结pressure 压力pleasure 乐事；快乐exposure 暴露；揭发failure 失败mixture 混合物signature 签名3“成双成对”的名词荟萃scissors 剪刀jeans 牛仔裤earphones 耳机trousers 裤子glasse
8、s 眼镜shoes 鞋子短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1_fall ill_生病2_make a difference_区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用3_be proud of_以而自豪4_squeeze out_榨出；挤出5_over and over again_反复；多次6_in place_在适当的位置；适当7_put ones hands on_找到8_a number of_若干；许多9_a knowledge of_的知识10_cut off_切掉；砍掉；阻断11_take off_起飞；流行；脱下；(事业)腾飞12_act as_担当语境运用1Its reported that
9、 _a number of_ famous people will attend the art festival to be held next month2The old lady thanked me _over and over again_ for what I had done, which made me a little embarrassed3 When I was little, I _fell ill_ frequently, but my mother was never fed up with taking care of me4 The boy went to on
10、e shop after another, and finally _put his hands on_ the geography book he needed5The books in our school library are all neatly _in place_and carefully arranged6When we visited Paris, my niece _acted as_ our guide and showed us around lots of places of interest 7Hannah was busy with work then but s
11、he still tried her best to _squeeze out_ some time from her tight schedule to visit her mother句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。unless“假如不；除非”，引导条件状语从句。1(江苏卷)天如此冷以至除非你穿着厚衣服才能出去。It is so cold that you cant
12、go out _unless_ fully covered in thick clothes2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。be doingwhen“正在做这时”。2我们正在吃饭这时水涌入了我们家中。We _were having breakfast when_ water started filling our room3There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learne
13、d at school saved Ms Slades life毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。Theres no doubt that“毫无疑问”。3(天津卷书面表达)作为一名美国人，毫无疑问你是熟悉你的国家的。As an American, _there is no doubt that_ you are familiar with your country核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1aid n& vt援助；救助；资助归纳拓展(1)first aid急救go/come to sbs aid
14、help sb去/来帮助某人with the aid of 在的帮助下；借助于in aid of为援助，以援救(2)aid sbto do sth帮助某人做某事aid sbin (doing) sth帮助某人(做)某事aid sb with sth帮助某人某事层级训练夯基单句语法填空。_With_ the aid of her, I finished the work in timeI couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came _to_ my aid and told me where to goWe are collecting money
15、_in_ aid of the people who have lost their homes提能单句写作。(湖北卷书面表达)一个人立刻冲向那位姑娘给予急救，我也毫不犹豫地加入这一行列。A man immediately rushed to the girl _to give her first aid_ and I joined in without hesitation 2vital adj至关重要的；生死攸关的归纳拓展be vital for/to (doing) sth对(做)某事极为重要It is vital that sb(should) do sth某人做某事是极为重要的。It
16、 is vital to do sth做某事很重要。名师点津It is necessary/vital/important that(should) do sth, should可以省略。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2019天津卷)Understanding history is vital to _understanding_ (understand)ourselves as a people and as a nationWhats more, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital _to obey_ (o
17、bey) traffic rules提能一句多译。(2018全国卷书面表达)此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。Besides，_its vital that you should mind your table manners_ in China when you attend a dinner party (it作形式主语)In addition，_whats vital_ is that you(should) mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party (主语从句)3treat vt
18、治疗；对待；款待n款待；招待词汇拓展treatment n治疗；对待用法归纳(1)treat as (regardas)think ofas把当对待treat sthseriously认真对待某事/物treat sbfor 给某人治病treat sb/oneself(to)请客吃treat sb/oneself to用款待某人/自己(2)Its my treat我请客。(3)under treatment正在接受治疗辨析treat/cure词汇用法treat指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思，侧重过程。常用于treat sbfor sth结构中cure指“治愈、治好”疾病，也可指消除痛苦
19、，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于cure sbof sth结构中层级训练夯基单句语法填空。Drunk driving should be treated _as_ a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash (2018浙江卷)It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me _to_ a vacation like never before (天津卷)Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood Afte
20、r years of regular _treatment_ (treat), she finally became healthy 提能句式升级。If the patient was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved_If treated_ in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved (省略句)_Treated_ in a proper way, the patient was likely to be saved (分词作状语)4apply vt 应用；运用；敷；手
21、压；脚踩vi申请归纳拓展(1)apply(to)for(向)申请apply oneself to致力于；集中精力于apply to适应；适应于applyto把运用到中；把涂到上(2)applicant n申请人application n申请；申请书；适用巧学助记The applicant applied himself to applying for a post for teaching applied chemistry, saying that he would apply what he learnt to his teaching这位申请人专心于申请一份教应用化学的工作，并且说他会把
22、所学到的应用到他的教学中去。层级训练夯基写出下列句中apply的含义。You may apply in person or by letter_申请_At last he applied a little wax polish (蜡油)_涂；敷_He applied his brake quickly immediately he saw a dog lying on the road_手压；脚踩_The new discovery may be applied in medicine_应用；运用_提能单句语法填空。(2019全国卷)This smart keyboard precisely
23、measure the cadence (节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply _to_ each key(2018全国卷)We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class _to_ our future professions Ive applied to that company _for_ a job，and my _application_ (apply) has been accepted提能一句多译。如果你努
24、力学习，你就会通过考试。(apply)If you _apply yourself to your study_，you will pass your exam_Apply yourself to your study_ and you will pass your exam(祈使句and)_Applying yourself to your study_，you will pass your exam(分词作状语)5in place在适当的位置上；适当的；合适的归纳拓展(1)out of place不在适当的位置；不恰当in the first/next place 首先，第一/其次；第二点
25、in place of代替(2)take place发生；举办take ones place 就座；代替某人take the place of代替；取代take the first place获得第一名层级训练夯基用place的相关短语完成句子。Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them _in place_The doctor advised her to eat more bean products _in place of_ meat
26、which might be harmful to her heartThe manager will be away on business and Ill _take the place of him(take his place)_ during his absenceBeing poor, he felt completely _out of place_ among those rich peopleRobots will not _take the place of_ teachers in the classrooms in the future提能句式升级。(2019全国卷书面
27、表达)Firstly, with a good command of English, Im quite qualified for the volunteer job_In the first place_，with a good command of English, Im quite qualified for the volunteer job6make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用归纳拓展make a difference to对有作用/有影响make some/no/little difference(to)(对)有/没有/几乎没有作用或影响tell t
28、he difference(betweenand)辨别/区分(与)夯基单句语法填空。(2017北京卷)Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a _difference_ (differ) in the worldWhat you have said will make no difference _to_ the naughty boyThe twins are so alike; its difficult to tell the difference _between them提能单句写作。(安徽高考书面
29、表达)只要可能我都会帮忙清理路边的垃圾。我希望我的行为能起到作用。I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible I hope _my behavior will make a difference_7knock off打翻；撞倒；撞翻；使减少；使降低归纳拓展knock at/on敲(门、窗等)knock against撞到之上knock into与相撞；偶然碰到(某人)knock down/over 打倒(某人)；撞倒；拆除knock around/about 闲逛；漫游；游荡层级训练夯基介、副词填空。Did you no
30、tice who knocked her _over/down_?He was lost in thought and knocked _into/against_ a treeThey knocked _around/about_ in the city for the whole afternoonI knocked _into_ a friend of mine who I hadnt seen for agesThey finally knocked 10% _off_ the price(2017北京)She was knocked _down_ by a ball8Remove c
31、lothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。unless是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导的是一个否定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与ifnot引导的否定条件状语从句互换。归纳拓展(1)unless是连词，相当于if not，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个否定条件状语从句。(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。(3)unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。层级训练夯基单
32、句语法填空。(2019天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _unless_ he wants their supportUnless the weather _gets_(get) better, I will stay at homeI wont attend the party to be held tomorrow unless _invited_(invite)提能一句多译。众所周知，除非你有规律地进行锻炼，否则身体就不会健康。It is known to all that _unless y
33、ou exercise regularly_ , you wont keep fit (unless)It is known to all that _if you dont exercise regularly_，you wont keep healthy(if)高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks out of_place
34、_ in the garden of a traditional home解析：考查固定搭配。句意：有着现代风格的色彩鲜艳的家具适合现代的房屋和花园，但是放在传统风格的家里看起来就格格不入。信息词but告诉我们应该填place, out of place表示“不合适的，格格不入的”。2Some school teachers complained, “Many kids havent got any hobbies _unless_ you call playing computer games a hobby” 解析：考查连词。句意：一些老师抱怨说“许多孩子没有任何爱好，除非你把打电脑游戏叫
35、作一项爱好。”由句意可知，填unless，意为“除非，如果不”。3_Filled_(fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因为愧疚感，这个小男孩低下头等他的父亲的惩罚。be filled with“充满了”，故填过去分词作原因状语。4Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, _is being treated_(treat) in hospital now解析：
36、句意：小汤姆在放烟火时被烧伤了，现在正在医院救治。主句的时间状语为now，故用现在进行时的被动语态。5The boy made the same mistakes over _and_ over again, which，of course, made his parents very angry解析：句意：那个男孩一次次犯同样的错误，这当然令他的父母很生气。over and over again“反复；多次”，符合句意。6Was it because of the terrible weather _that_ his flight was delayed?Not reallyAn old
37、lady suffered a heart attack and they had to fly back解析：考查强调句型。题中的问句部分为强调句型的一般疑问句形式，被强调部分是“because of the terrible weather”，强调句型的一般疑问句的构成：Was/Is it被强调部分that/who其他，故所填词用that。7Don t put so much _pressure_(press) on the childrenIts harmful to their healthOK，I wont解析：考查固定搭配。put pressure on意为“给施加压力”。前句句意
38、：不要给孩子们施加太多压力，这有害于他们的健康。8The number of people, who have access to their own cars，_has risen_ (rise) sharply in the past decade解析：考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语是the number of people，所以谓语动词用单数；in the past decade表示时间从过去持续到现在，即“十年来”，因此用现在完成时。9There is little doubt _that_ you will be able to judge truth and error if yo
39、u have confidence in yourself解析：doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中，其后从句常用whether引导；在否定句和疑问句中使用that引导从句。此处that无意义，也不作成分，是同位语从句的引导词。10They have earned lots of money, so I _firmly_(firm) believe that the business is a success解析：从They have earned lots of money可知，“我”坚信(firmly believe)生意是成功的。修饰动词believe要用副词firmly。单句改错1With
40、 aid of a compass the traveler can find the land _With后加the_2Dont take anything away Mother likes everything to be in the place_去掉the_3You would pass your exams if you applied you to your study_to前的youyourself_4A few kind words at the right time make difference_difference前加a_ 5She was thinking about
41、 the problem then Tom patted her_thenwhen_6Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, is treated in hospital now_is后加being_单句写作1如果治疗及时，一些疾病一点也不危险。(过去分词作状语；treat) _Treated in time，some diseases are not dangerous at all_2除非你全身心投入，否则你不会获得成功的。(省略；apply)_You will never gain success un
42、less applying yourself to your work_3重要的是我们应与我们周围的人好好相处。(it作形式主语；vital)_It is vital that we (should) get on/along well with people around us_4我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。(be doingwhen)_I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle_5明天早点起床，如果不早起的话，你就赶不上第一班公交车。(省略句)_Get
43、 up early tomorrowIf not，you will not catch the first bus_语篇填空 As we all know, _1having_ (have) a knowledge of first aid can make a difference in our daily life If a traffic accident happens and someone _2is injured_ (injure), the following steps can be used to treat _3the_ injured In the first plac
44、e, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we wont get hurt We should ask the injured person if he is OK, and see if he _4is breathing _ (breathe) Whats more, we should check for cuts and wounds For a simple cut，it is only necessary _5 to wash _ (wash) the area of the cut, dry it
45、 and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth If he is bleeding _6 badly_ (bad), it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure _7 to_ the injury This is _8because_ if a person loses too much blood, he may die If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital as soon as
46、 possible Do remember: when _9giving_ (give) first aid, please be sure to place the person in a _10recovery_ (recover) position话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文你校英文报正在开展主题为“急救知识”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己所了解的急救知识，并给英文报社投稿。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)割伤是日常生活中非常常见的伤，会疼、肿或流血。Cuts _are very common injuries in our daily life
47、_，which will _cause pain，swelling or bleeding_ 伤员也许会感染甚至死亡。The victims _may get infected_ or even die知道一些处理割伤的知识的确起作用。_A knowledge of how to treat cuts can make a big difference_对简单的割伤，仅需要洗净伤口部位，擦干并用干燥而干净的布包扎。 For a simple cut，it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut，dry it and _cover it wit
48、h a piece of dry clean cloth_如果这个人流血很严重，通过向伤口施压止血至关重要。If the person _is bleeding badly/heavily_，_it is vital that you should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury_那是因为如果他/她失去三分之一的血，也许会死掉。That is because _if a person loses one third of his or her blood_，he or she may die如果必要的话，把
49、伤员送往医院。(省略句)_If necessary，take the injured person to the hospital_升级平淡句利用强调句式升级句_It is a knowledge of how to treat cuts that can make a big difference_衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：however，whats worse等) _Cuts are very common injuries in our daily life, which will cause pain, swelling or bleeding Whats worse,
50、 the victims may get infected or even die However, it is a knowledge of how to treat cuts that can make a big difference For a simple cut, it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut，dry it and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth If the person is bleeding badly/heavily, it is vital that you should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury That is because if a person loses one third of his or her blood, he or she may die If necessary，take the injured person to the hospital_