1、连词【连词命题趋势】根据对连词部分全国各地考试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为：1、 并列连词的用法2、 从属连词的用法3、 相似连词的辨析【知识方法】 表顺承、并列和递进- and both .and., as well as, not only.but also 表转折和对比-but yet while 并列句和并列连词 表选择-either .or., or 表因果-so for 知 识 清 单 连 词 连词是连接词、短语、从句语句子的词，它是虚词，所以不能单独担任句子成分。知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！连词的分类：连词主要分为两大类：并列连词和从属连词。1
2、. 并列连词并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：(1)表并列关系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。(2)表选择关系的or, eitheror等。(3)表转折关系的but, while等。(4)表因果关系的for, so等。2. 从属连词从属连词用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because,
3、 as, since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。(5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。(6)引导结果状语从句的so that, sothat, suchthat等。(7)引导比较状语从句的than, asas等。(8)引导名词从句的that, if , whether等。连词用法示例与解析:“ and” 1. He got up and left the room. 2. He went to Kunming and I went Harbin last year.特别用法: 句型 “祈使句, and ”=
4、 If you, you will 3. Work hard, and you will do well in the exam.“or” 1. Tom or I am right. (or连接两个名词或代词做主语时谓语动词依照后面的词而定) 2. Would you like coffee or tea?特别用法: 句型 “祈使句, or”= If you dont , you will 3. Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.“but” 1. She is sixty, but she still looks young. 2. She is tired
5、 but happy. 3. I came here not for myself but for my son. 4. Mary likes piano but Tom doesnt (like可以省略).“for” 1. I went to sleep soon, for I was very tired. 2. The sun has risen，for the birds are singing. 比较：表示原因,译为”因为”, 表示说明、解释。与because不同，用语解释某事的原因、动机，强调因果关系。用语回答why引导的问句。“both and ” 1. Both you and
6、 I are Chinese. 2. I like both sports and music.特别用法: bothand的否定句表示部分否定。 3. He cant play both tennis and volleyball. 它并不是既会打网球又会打排球。eitheror, neithernor 1. Either you or she is wrong. 2. Can you speak either French or English? 3. Neither the teacher nor the students like this song.特别提示:用eitheror, ne
7、ithernor连接两个名词或代词做主语时谓语动词依照后面的词而定。比较: bothand, eitheror, neithernor的相互关系:肯定句: 1. I like both A and B.否定句: 2. I dont like both A and B.= I like either A or B.否定句: 3. I dont like either A or B.= I like neither A nor B.“Not onlybut also” 1. Not only you but also your father is coming. (连接两个名词或代词做主语时谓语动
8、词依照后面的词而定) 2. She learns not only English but also Japanese.【考点诠释】一、考查表示转折对比关系的并列连词这类并列句常用并列连词but （但是），yet (可是)，while(而，另一方面)等连接前后简单句，but常译为但是”，“可是”，切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用。1but(但是，可是，而，却) 连接两个并列句，有时句中某些词可以省略；连接两个并列成分，可以放在一个句子的句首，后面不接逗号。【考例】Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight?I
9、d love to，_I have lots of work to do北京市A so B or C and Dbut答案D。【解析】考查转折连词。so(表结果)，or(表选择)，ad(表并列)，but(表转折)，根据句意：“我很乐意去，但我还有一些事要做”可推断选but，表转折。It was very cold and windy, _ those farmers were working hard on the farm.吉林省A. and B. or C. but D. so答案C。【解析】考查连词的用法。 but表转折，and表并列，or表选择，So表顺接。根据句意选C。 二、考查表示
10、因果关系的并列连词 这类并列句常用并列连词for，so等连接前后简单句。1for在意义上与从属连词because，since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两个简单句。由并列连词for引导的分句只能置于句末，而且必须用逗号与前面的分句隔开。for分句主要是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因。for分句不能用来回答why问句。2 so意为“因此”、“所以”，但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词，而so是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构为：简单句(原因)+so+简单句(结果)。【考例】I have been trying my best t
11、o study English _I want to have a chance to be a volunteer for the Beijing Olympics. 太原市A, until B. because C. though答案B。【解析】 本题考查连词的用法。until表示“直到才”常用来引导时间状语从句；because因为”用来引导原因状语从句，而though尽管”用来引导让步状语从句。根据主从句的前后关系判断，应该选用表示原因的B项。. Ricky caught a bad cold yesterday, _ he had to stay at home. 南京A. becau
12、se B. but C. or D. so【答案】D【解析】 because 因为，引导句子；because of因为引导短语But 但是，（表示转折however，whereas），不能够和though/although连用对不起，除了（except）Or 和（ and的否定形式），或者，否则（通常是将来时态，表示结果）So 所以，表示结果，不能够和because连用；如此引导形容词/副词。句意为： Ricky昨天得了重感冒，所以他不得不呆在家里。三、考查表示选择关系的并列连词 这类并列句常用并列连词or （或者，否则)，eitheror(或是或是；不是就是)等连接前后简单句。 or连接并列
13、成分时，意为“或者，还是”；用于否定句中，意为“也不”，这时不宜用and；还有“否则，要不然”之意，相当于otherwise。【考例】Tom ,keep away from the fire,_ you will get burnt. 河南省A. and B. so C. or D. but【答案】C。【解析】考查连词。 or是连词“否则”的意思。and表示顺承关系；but表示转折关系；or表示选择关系或转折关系；so表示因果关系。四、考查表示并列关系的并列连词【考例】Study hard, _ youll pass the exam. 长沙市A. or B. and C. but【答案】B。
14、【解析】 考查并列连词。or表示选择，and表示并列，but表示转折。【语法过关】1.How did you try to get to school on time _ you missed the school bus, Mary? A. when B. if C. once D. that 【答案】A 【解析】用来引导时间状语从句。2.-Im going to the supermarket. -Will you get me some chocolates _ you are there, mum? A. since B. because C. if D. while 【答案】D 【解
15、析】since，because，if都不符合语境意思，while（当-时候）指在超市的时候（买巧克力），语意清楚。3.Never give up, _ youll make it. A. and B. but C. or D. yet 【答案】A 【解析】前后句子是递进关系。4.Her grandparents are still in good health_ they are over eighty. A. though B. as soon as C. until D. because 【答案】A【解析】 语境表明两个句子是让步关系。5. - Would you like to come
16、 to dinner tonight?- Id like to, _ Im too busy.A. and B. so C. as D. but【答案】D。【解析】but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and， 结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。6. When I got the news that the ship would sink, I was _ frightened_ my legs couldnt move forward. A. so; that B. very; that C. too; that D. too; to 【答案】 A 【解析】so - that用于表示如
17、此-以致于-，so 后接形容词， that后接从句。 7. I wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words _I have tested him myself. A. after B. when C. if D. until 【答案】D 【解析】not-until 表示直到-才-。 8.Be careful , _ you will fall off the tree. A. so B. or C. but D. and 【答案】B 【解析】or意思是否则；不然的话，与句意相符。9. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, _ he cant understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills. A. so B. or C. but D. for 【答案】 A【解析】 so这里表示原因。10-I dont like chicken _ fish.-I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much.A. and； and B. and； butC. or； butD. or；and【答案】C。【解析】否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。