1、2016岳池县罗度中学高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（10）及答案阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：议论文话题：健康生活时间：7分钟A new study suggests you are where you liveat least in terms of weight.A rural address could be a risk factor for being overweight，according to the research published in the fall issue of The Journal of Rural Health
2、.The study，led by researchers at the University of Kansas，analyzed data from the National Center for Health Statistics.They said it is the first in more than 30 years to use actual measurements of height and weight，rather than selfreported data，which can be unreliable.About 70 million Americans，or 2
3、3% of the population，live in rural areas.The researchers found that 39.6% of them are obese(肥胖的)，while 33.4% of urban residents are obese.Including overweight people as well，the comparative totals are 70.8% and 67.1%，the study said.The factors at work could be the “cultural diet” of rural America，as
4、 well as the isolation(隔离) that often exists，said the lead researcher，Christie Befort，assistant professor of preventive medicine and public health at the University of Kansas Medical Center.That diet includes “rich homemade foods” with lots of meat and desserts，she said.Rural Americans typically con
5、sume more fats than their urban counterparts，the study found.Another factor could be the increased mechanization(机械化) of farm work，Befort said.Older generations showed less difference in weight than younger onesolder farmers would have put in more physical labor，she said.“Although some intervention(
6、介入) research has begun to address obesity among rural adults and families，great attention needs to be focused on widespread effective programs in rural areas，which contain some of the largest medically underserved communities in the nation，” the researchers said.【语篇导读】肥胖症的研究有了新的发现居住地也是造成肥胖症的重要因素。39.
7、6%的美国乡下居民患有肥胖症，这与油腻的饮食、农场机械化、落后的医疗服务等有很大的关系。1What do we know about the study about weight in the passage?AThe new study is the first study of rural obesity in the past 30 years.BThe new study is the first time to research into the cause of obesity.CResults in the past years can be inaccurate as they
8、 havent adopted actual measurements.DThe result of the new study is not reliable at all.解析推理判断题。根据第三段可知，这个研究分析了国家健康中心的数据，是近30年来第一次使用身高和体重的实际测量数据，而不是使用未必可靠的“自我报告的数据(selfreported data)”，从这些信息可推知，过去的研究数据不是很准确，不太可靠。因此选C。答案C2What do we know from the fourth paragraph?AThe rural population in America has i
9、ncreased by 23%.BAbout 27.72 million rural Americans have the problem of obesity.CObese people have moved to live in the countryside for its natural environment.D23% of the 70 million Americans live in the countryside.解析推理判断题。第四段说美国人口的23%，即七千万美国人，住在农村，其中39.6%是肥胖者，因此B正确(39.6%70 million27.72 million)。
10、C项文章未提及，A、D项均是对第四段第一句话的曲解。答案B3What does the report suggest to deal with the problem?ACalling on the farmers to do more physical work.BPaying attention to widespread effective programs in rural areas.CGetting farmers connected with each other.DPersuading people to move to the urban area.解析细节理解题。根据最后一
11、段可知，研究者认为应该更关注向农村那里有医疗服务极其低下的地区推广有效的项目，由此推断选B。答案B4What does the underlined word“address” in the last paragraph mean?Adeal withBwrite downCrefer toDcure解析猜测词义题。最后一段研究员介绍了如何应对肥胖问题，因此该词的含义应该是“对付，处理”，而不是“治疗”。答案A【长难句解读】原文“Although some intervention(介入) research has begun to address obesity among rural ad
12、ults and families，great attention needs to be focused on widespread effective programs in rural areas，which contain some of the largest medically underserved communities in the nation，” the researchers said.译文研究者称：“尽管已经开始了一些介入性的研究来解决乡村成年人与家庭的肥胖问题，但也需要关注向乡村地区大范围地推广有效的项目，在乡村有些地方医疗水平极其低下。”分析Although在句中
13、引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rural areas。A If you are a college student, probably you are greatly stressed when the final exams are coming. University students are good at coming up with ways to cope with the stress of college life. But some students at a college in Canada have started a new trend
14、that is family-friendly, opening a puppy room for students during finals week (December 4-6) The National Post reports that for three days during finals week, students at Dalousie University can spend some time with lovely dogs, which is being brought in by Therapeutic Paws of Canada. “It is somethi
15、ng that people need right now because students are superstressed,” Michael Kean, an environmental science student who first proposed the idea, told me the Post. After the student union first advertised the event on its Face book page, the news of the Puppy Room spread quickly across social networkin
16、g sites. “Our expectations are pretty high right now,” Gavin Jardine, vice president of student life at Dalhousie told the Post. “We had 1800 shares, thousands of likes. It attracted a lot of attention on Twitter as well. It spread as quickly as a virus.” Don LeBlance of Therapeutc Paws of Canada sa
17、id all the dogs attending the event come from loving homes and enjoy the company of people. A number of different breeds will be on hand to interact with students who sign up to visit the Puppy Room. And buzz from the Dalhousie Puppy Room has spread so quickly that LeBlance says a half dozen univers
18、ities have already called about staging similar events for their students. So, is there any actual evidence to support using guest dogs to reduce the stress of busy college students? “If you do any research at all about the benefits of using pets, you will find out quite quickly that it lowers blood
19、 pressure,” LeBlanc said. “It certainly made a huge difference in my life when I got a dog.”1 What is Michael Keans attitude toward the puppy room? A. He thinks it is bad for dogs.B. He doesnt think it is relaxing. C. He thinks it is a waste of time.D. He thinks it works for college students.2 Parag
20、raph 3 shows the idea of the puppy room was_. A. surprising B. harmfulC. well receivedD. inspiring3 We know from Paragraph 4 that some universities want to _. A. find out if their students are also stressed B. follow the example of the college in Canada C. find out why dogs are loved by college stud
21、ents D. introduce some dogs from the college in Canada4 Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Puppies have become very popular with college students. B. College students have more ways of relaxing than before. C. A college is offering more ways of entertainment for students.D. A college is offering
22、 a puppy room for stressed college students.参考答案14 DCBD BTOSHIBA ELEVATORS LTD is one of the leading elevator companies in the world with more than 120 branch companies around the globe. SHENYANG TOSHIBA ELEVATORS LTD in Shenyang produces high-quality elevators. We are offering the following positio
23、ns:Plant Manager Excellent Senior Engineer with experience in this field to manage our plant in ShenyangSenior Engineers (Mechanical and Electrical) For production and Engineering Department, good command of InternetJunior positions For those who wish for successOne purchaser (购货员) Preferably with e
24、xperience in a mechanical engineering company and international markets.Cost Accountant(会计) 5 years experience in mechanical factory costing, good knowledge in Office 2007, CET level. For these senior level Positions, we expect preferably a university degree or an excellent job record. 3-5 years of
25、experience on the job and good command of English. If you are ready to work with us, we will offer attractive salary packet and bright future. SHENYANG TOSHIBA ELEVATORS LTD Shenyang (024-82846556) Liaoning ProvinceTOWER DAIRY PRODUCT COMPANY LTD is a well-known food company in Suzhou. Were offering
26、 the following positions:(1) SecretaryUniversity graduate Good at English speaking, writing and translating Good PC knowledge and typing skill Pleasant character with good personal skill(2) accountants College or university graduate Good command of English and PC operation Work experience(3) Product
27、ion trainees College or university graduate Food engineering/ machinery or chemistry Good command of English 1-2 years experience in food factory Leadership ability and PC knowledge(4) Production workers Polytechnic (工艺的) school graduate Food technology or chemistry Knowledge of basic English 1-2 ye
28、ars experience in food factory TOWER DAIRY PRODUCT COMPANY LTD Suzhou (0512-86734157) Jiangsu Province5 If you want to get a senior position in TOSHIBA, you need to have_. A. work experience on the jobB. typing skills and know English well C. good wishes for the jobD. pleasant character and PC skill
29、6 Each position offered by TOWER requires the applicant to _. A. have work experienceB. be a university graduate C. have good PC knowledgeD. have knowledge of English7 If you dont know how to use a computer, you had better ask for the position of _. A. a secretary in TOWERB. a production worker in T
30、OWER C. a senior engineer in TOSHIBAD. a cost accountant in TOSHIBA8. As a graduate from university this year, you can probably get a job as _. A. a cost accountant in TOSHIBAB. a purchaser in TOSHIBAC. a secretary in TOWERD. an accountant in TOWER参考答案58 ADBC CTeachers say the digital age has had a
31、good influence- and a not-so-good influence-on this generation of American teenagers. More than 2000 teachers took an online survey. Three-quarters of the teachers said the Internet and digital search tools have had a “ mostly positive” effect on their students research habits and skills. But 64 per
32、cent said the technologies “ do more to distract (使分心) students than to help them academically.” And 87 percent agreed that these technologies are creating an “ easily distracted generation with short attention spans.” The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the National Writing Project. Judy B
33、uchanan is the vice director of the National Writing Project and a co-author of the report. Ms. Buchanan says digital research tools are helping students learn more and faster. “ Teachers really favor these tools because they are ways to make some of the learning exciting and engaging. Young people
34、favor these tools. The goal is to really help them become creators of meaningful content, and not just sort of consumers.” But one problem the survey found is that many students lack digital literacy. They trust too much of the information they find on the Internet. Judy says these students havent d
35、eveloped the skills to determine the quality of online information. “ Its something that really has to be taught and paid attention to, because in a world in which things happen quickly, you do need to step back, reflect and analyze the information you have.” Another problem is blamed on something t
36、hat might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online. Teachers say the result is a reduction in the desire and ability of their students to work hard to find answers. They say students are overly dependent on search engines and do not make enough use of printed boo
37、ks or research libraries. Many teachers are also concerned that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.9 The text mainly tells us _. A. digital tools bring about benefits and problems B. the Internet is playing a key role C. teachers
38、encourage using digital toolsD. all the students use digital tools 10 Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. B C D (=Para 1, = Para 2, =Para 3, = Para 4, =Para 5)11 The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means _. A. students do not have the right digital too
39、ls B. students do not always have access to the Internet C. students cant judge online information properly D. students havent the ability to adjust themselves12 Some students dont tend to work hard because _. A. they can copy others work without being punished B. printed books and libraries around
40、arent enough C. the Internet cant make students concentrate D. they can get answer on the Internet quickly 参考答案912 ACCD D People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is c
41、ooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have d
42、eveloped. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy(争论) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”. Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that
43、 our personalities and behaviour patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviour is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such
44、 a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts (本能). Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviourists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviourist, B.F. Skinn
45、er, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviourists view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behaviour. Socially and politically, the con
46、sequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviourists, on the contrary, say that the differen
47、ces in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do. Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour. In fact, it i
48、s quite likely that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.13 This passage is mainly concerned with _. A. relation between personality and behaviour B. relation between behaviour and environment C. differen
49、t accounts of patterns of human behaviour D. different theories of the formation of human personality and behaviour.14 The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means _. A. teachers B. advisorsC. advocatesD. judges15 Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To call our attention to the changes of human behaviour. B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science. C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behaviour. D. To present an argument in the field of social science.参考答案1315 DCD