1、课前自主导学考点难点易混点Unit 2English around the world英语是国际交流的语言。英语在世界各地传播的过程中，发生了很大的变化，那么世界上到底有哪些英语？不同英语的区别体现在哪里呢？让我们来读下面的短文吧！课前自主导学考点难点易混点There are many kinds of English；they are different in their vocabulary1，grammar，pronunciation and intonation2.These different kinds of English develop from history，geograp
2、hy，politics and the influence3 of other languages.Some of the major kinds of English are British English，American English，Canadian English，Australian English，Indian English and Caribbean English.The English spoken in Africa is different from country to country.Thus there are Nigerian English，South A
3、frican English，Kenyan English and so on.课前自主导学考点难点易混点All types of English originated4 from the English spoken in England.American English has now replaced British English.This is mostly because of the influence of the United States through the cinema and music，technology5and trade.The most noticeabl
4、e6 differences between American and British English are in spelling，pronunciation and vocabulary.Many words that end in“our”in British English end in“or”in American English.课前自主导学考点难点易混点Words ending in“se”are British English while their American ones end in“ze”Some vocabulary items，too，are different
5、.There are also many differences in expressions.The Americans would say“I just ate”as opposed to“Ive just eaten”in British English.In American English，Mary is“on the team”，while in British English，Mary is“in the team”课前自主导学考点难点易混点Choose the right answer according to the text.1 In the passage，there a
6、re _ kinds of English mentioned in all.A8 B7 C9 D102The most important differences between British English and American English exist in the following EXCEPT _.Aspelling BpronunciationCvocabulary Ddialect课前自主导学考点难点易混点3Which of the following statements is CORRECT?AAmerican English has great influence
7、 on the rest of the world through the cinema and music，technology and trade.BThe differences between American English and British English only lie in spelling，pronunciation and vocabulary.COnly American English is related to the English spoken in England.DMary is“on the team”，which is British Englis
8、h.答案 1.C2.D3.A课前自主导学考点难点易混点课前自主导学考点难点易混点佳句欣赏The English spoken in Africa is different from country to country.在非洲，国与国之间所说的英语各不相同。此句中含有的“spoken in Africa”为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词English，而“be different from”意为：不同于。课前自主导学考点难点易混点.正误判断(根据课文内容判断正“T”误“F”)1 At the end of the 16th century，nearly all the English spe
9、akers lived in England.()2Even if Native England speakers dont speak the same kind of English，they can understand each other.()3The English language changes and develops when different cultures meet and communicate with each other.()Section Warming Up&Reading 课前自主导学考点难点易混点4The American Dictionary of
10、 the English Language written by Noah Webster gave American English spelling a separate identity.()5From 1765 to 1947 English was the language for government and education in South Africa.()答案 1.T2.T3.T4.T5.F课前自主导学考点难点易混点.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)1If people speak different kinds of English，they _.Acant com
11、municate with each otherBcan only be understood by those who speak the same kind of EnglishCcant be understood by foreignersDcan understand each other课前自主导学考点难点易混点2English is spoken as the language for government in the following countries EXCEPT _.ABritain BGermany CIndia DAmerica3Why do more peopl
12、e speak English?ABecause it is an international language.BBecause it has the largest number of speakers.CBecause it is easy to learn.DBecause it always stays the same.课前自主导学考点难点易混点4From the text，we can know _.Aonly English changed over timeBall languages will change when cultures meetCall English wo
13、rds were from FrenchDfewer and fewer Chinese people are learning English5At the end of the 16th century，about _ people spoke English.Afive to six million Bfive to seven millionCsix to seven million Dsix to eight million答案 1.D2.B3.A4.B5.B课前自主导学考点难点易混点.阅读表达(根据课文内容回答下列各题)1Why has English changed over t
14、ime？(within 30 words)_2Whats the main idea of the passage？(within 10 words)_Because all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.The development of modern English./The road to modern English.课前自主导学考点难点易混点3Which sentence in the passage can replace the following
15、one?Although people who speak English as their mother language speak different kinds of English，they have no trouble in communicating with each other._Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.课前自主导学考点难点易混点.阅读填空(根据课文内容完成下面表格)THE ROAD TO MODERN
16、 ENGLISHTimePlaceCharacterReasonBetween aboutAD 450 and 1150EnglandIt was based more on _1_ than the English we speak at present.All languages _4_ and develop when cultures meet and _5_ with each other.Between aboutAD 800 and 1150It became less like German and more like _2_ and French.By the 1600sA
17、wider _3_ than ever before was used.New settlers _6_ the English language.课前自主导学考点难点易混点TimePlaceCharacterReasonIn 1620_7_English began to be spoken.Some British settlers moved to America.Later in _8_ centuryAustraliaSome British people _9_ Australia.By the 19thcenturyEnglish language was _10_ and tw
18、o big changes in English _11_ happened.NowSouth AsiaEnglish is spoken as a foreign or second language.People from England ever made _12_ to conquer other parts of the world.课前自主导学考点难点易混点答案 1.German2.Dmunicate6.enriched7.America8.the 18th9.were taken to10.settled11.spelling12.voyages课前自主导学考点难点易混点.教材研
19、读一、重点单词熟记1_adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 _n办公室_n官员2_n航海；航行3_adj.本国的；本地的 n本地人；本国人4_adv.实际上；事实上5_vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础6_adj.逐渐的；逐步的 _adv.逐渐地；逐步地officialofficeofficervoyagenativeactuallybasegradualgradually课前自主导学考点难点易混点7_n词汇；词汇量；词表8_adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的9_n本身；本体；身份10_adj.流利的；流畅的 _adv.流利地；流畅地11_adj.频繁的；常见的 _adv.常常；频繁地voca
20、bularylatteridentityfluentfluentlyfrequentfrequently课前自主导学考点难点易混点二、重点短语探究1_因为，由于2_走近；上来；提出3_以为基础/根据4_目前，现在5_利用，使用because ofcome upbe based onat presentmake use of课前自主导学考点难点易混点6the number of_7such as_8be different from _9at the end of_10more than one_的数目例如，像这种的与不同在末不只一个课前自主导学考点难点易混点三、教材佳句背诵1_ by Unde
21、rground?为什么不坐地铁呢？2Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language _.如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。Why not gothan ever before课前自主导学考点难点易混点3Native English speakers can understand each other _ they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可
22、以相互理解。4It was based _ on German _ the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多是以德语为基础的，而我们今天所说的英语不是。even ifmorethan课前自主导学考点难点易混点1Do you know that there is more than one kind of English？你知道不知道有不止一种英语吗？(1)该句中that引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。课前自主导学考点难点易混点(2)more than one“不止一个”。“more than one可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“more可数名词
23、复数than one”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，表示“不止一个，许多。”More than one person has a good knowledge of English in our company.在我们公司不止一个人精通英语。More persons than one have a good knowledge of English in our company.我们公司许多人精通英语。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【归纳拓展】more than数词，“超过，多于”，相当于over。People more than 18 years of age have the right to v
24、ote in China.在中国，年满18岁的公民有选举权。more than名词，“不只是，不仅仅”。Modern science is more than much information.现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。课前自主导学考点难点易混点more than形容词/副词，“非常，很”。They were more than glad to help.他们非常愿意帮忙。more than(that)从句，“远非，简直不”。That is more than I can understand.那事我实在不明白。注意：more than的反义短语是less than，“少于”。We fini
25、shed the work in less than two hours.我们不到两个小时就把活干完了。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】To us,Mr.Li is _a teacher.He is also a friend.Anot more than Bno more thanCmore than Dnot less thanIm _to take you there in my car.Aa little more than happyBmore than a little happyChappy more than a littleDa little more happy th
26、anC B 课前自主导学考点难点易混点Do you need any help,Lucy?Yes.The job is _I could do myself.Aless than Bmore thanCno more than Dnot more thanB 课前自主导学考点难点易混点2native(1)adj.本国的，本地的；天生的，天赋的；(常与to连用)土产的，原产于His friend is a native Englishman.他的朋友是个土生土长的英国人。The tiger is native to India.这种虎原产于印度。In order to let her son l
27、earn her native language,she sent him back to her native land.为了让儿子学会她的母语，她把儿子送回了祖国。课前自主导学考点难点易混点(2)n.本地人，本国人He is a native of Shanghai.他是上海本地人。You can always tell the difference between the tourists and the natives.游客与当地人之间的区别一望即知。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【归纳拓展】native language/tongue母语，本族语native art/dance/peop
28、les土著艺术/舞蹈/民族native wit/intelligence与生俱来的机智/才智be native to原产于，土生土长的be a native of土生土长的本地人go native入乡随俗，同化课前自主导学考点难点易混点注意：(1)ones native place 指某人的出生地，但表达“是某地人”时，习惯上不说：My native place is.,而说：I was born in.(2)native作形容词，意为“本地的”时，仅作前置定语。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】汉译英鱼天生会游泳。_他的出生地是广东，他是个土生土长的南方人。_The ability to
29、 swim is native to fish.His native place is Guangdong.He is a native of the South.课前自主导学考点难点易混点3come up走近；上来；提出；破土而出；发芽(教材原句)Id like to come up to your apartment.(P10)我很乐意到你的公寓去。The plan came up at the meeting yesterday.在昨天的会上计划被提了出来。In the conversation，he came up with an important topic.在交谈中他提出了一个重
30、要的话题。课前自主导学考点难点易混点点津：come up“被提出”，其主语是被提出的内容，主动形式表示被动含义；come up with“提出”，其主语是提出动作的发出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容，但是无被动语态。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【归纳拓展】come on快点；加油come about发生，产生come across偶遇，碰到come out出来；出版；开花come to来到(某地)；谈到；共计课前自主导学考点难点易混点思考：根据语境思考，并在下列各句中填入适当的介、副词。The spring is coming and flowers are coming _.He has ju
31、st finished writing his book and it will come _ next month.No one knows how the accident came _ yesterday.Come _.The bus leaves in two minutes!The total cost that they had spent on their clothes this month came _ nearly 2,000 yuan.I came _ an old friend during my shopping in the supermarket.outoutab
32、outontoacross课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】As soon as the project _ at the meeting，it attracted many peoples attention.(2013南通高一检测)Acomes up Bwas come upCcame up Dhad been come up解析 句意：这个方案在会上一提出就引起了很多人的注意。答案 C课前自主导学考点难点易混点4base(1)v.建于之上，以为根据be based on/uponIt was based more on German than the English we speak
33、 at present.当时的英国更多地是以德语为基础的，而不是现代英语。The film is based on a novel by D.H.Lawrence.该影片是根据D.H劳伦斯的小说改编而成的。One should always base his opinion on facts.一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。课前自主导学考点难点易混点(2)n.底；根基，基础；基地，根据地We camped at the base of the mountain.我们在山脚下安营。Our companys base is in Beijing.我们公司总部在北京。【辨析】都有“基础”之
34、意，base和basis的复数形式都是bases。base指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地；basis指理论、信念的依据或基础，主要表示抽象意义。如the base of a building建筑物的根基；the economic basis经济基础。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】Many students believe the choice of their courses and universities should _their own interest.Abe based on Bbase onCbe basing on Dbase atA课前自主导学考点难点
35、易混点5present(1)adj.目前的，现在的Im not satisfied with the present situation at all.我对目前的情况一点都不满意。(2)adj.出席的，在场的It is a great honour to be present at the World Media Summit.能够出席世界媒体峰会，我感到非常荣幸。课前自主导学考点难点易混点提示：present作形容词，位置不同，意义相异。作前置定语，意为“现在的，目前的”，作后置定语，意为“出席的，到场的”。Did you see the present government leaders
36、?你见到现任政府的领导人了吗？Did you see the government leaders present?你见到在场的政府领导人了吗？课前自主导学考点难点易混点at present目前，现在The old couple retired last year and at present they are living in the country.这对老夫妻去年退休了，目前他们住在乡下。There is very little profit in selling newspapers at present.现在卖报纸利润很少。present n礼物(gift)present v把交给；
37、提出；赠送present sth to sb/present sb with sth把某物送给某人【归纳拓展】课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】The mayor will personally _ the gold medals _ the winning athletes at the sports meeting.Apresent；by Bpresent；withCpresent；to Dpresent；for_ today _ sure to be praised.AThe present people；are BThose present；isCThose present；are
38、 DPresent those；isC C 课前自主导学考点难点易混点6make use of利用；使用(教材原句)So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.(P10)所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。【搭配】make use ofuse利用；使用make good/full use ofmake the best of充分利用，好好利用As a student，he should make good use of time to stud
39、y.作为学生，他应该充分利用时间学习。课前自主导学考点难点易混点点津：make use of短语的构成特点为：动词名词介词。此类短语通常作以下变化：(1)把use提前使用被动语态。(2)of的宾语提前时句子也用被动语态。(3)把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。本单元的短语play a part in也可作同样变化。课前自主导学考点难点易混点We should think of what use can be made of such material.我们应该考虑怎么用这种材料。The material that you spoke of had already been made us
40、e of.你说起的那个材料早已被用。The second is connected with the main use(that)the body makes of foodto supply energy for movement.第二点与食物对身体的主要用途有关，即食物供给身体活动所需的能量。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】Ten minutes has been made full _ of _ the problem.(2013洛阳高一检测)Ausing；studying Buse；to studyCto use；to study Duse；studyingB 课前自主导学考点难
41、点易混点7such as例如，像这种的(教材原句)English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.(P10)在新加坡、马来西亚及非洲的一些国家，如南非，人们也说英语。I like drinks such as tea and coffee.我喜欢喝诸如茶和咖啡之类的饮料。课前自主导学考点难点易混点课前自主导学考点难点易混点【辨析】such as用来列举事物，置于所列举事物与前面名词之间，其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举之物，但数量总数不能等同于前面所提事物的总数
42、。for example用来举例说明前面说过的话或提出的观点，一般列举同类人或事物中的一个，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末，往往用逗号隔开。that is相当于namely，意为“即”，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】用such as，for example和that is填空Id like to keep a pet，_，a dog.My daughter studies four subjects in school，_，Chinese，maths，English and PE.We all study foreign languag
43、es，_ English，French or Japanese and so on.for examplethat issuch as课前自主导学考点难点易混点8At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.(P10)起初大约在公元450年和公元1150年间，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语很不一样。【句式分析】此句为复杂的简单句。句中的两个English后面都跟了过去分词短语“spoken.”充当后置定语，相当于定语从句which was/is spoken.。Yesterday he received a package sent by his parents.昨天他收到他父母寄来的包裹。课前自主导学考点难点易混点【即境活用】A great number of students _ said they were forced to practise the piano.(2013四川，4)Ato question Bto be questionedCquestioned DquestioningC
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