1、教学 知识细解码UNIT 4 Exploring literature1_ vt.确定；决心；支配 vi.决心 determination n.决定，决心 2describe vt.描述，描写 _ n.描述，说明，形容 3_vt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思 reflection n.反映；映射；沉思 determine description reflect 4_ adj.有重要意义的，显著的 significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地；明显地 5_ vt.致力，专心，献身devotion n挚爱；奉献；专心 6_ vt.包含，含有，容纳cont
2、ainer n容器；集装箱 significant devote contain 1appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁 The prospect of living in a city holds little appeal for me._ The childs mother made an emotional appeal on TV for his return._ The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups._ 吸引力呼吁，恳请有吸引力2reflect vt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)
3、；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思 She could see herself reflected in his eyes._ The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight._ On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well._ 反映，映出(影像)反射(声、光、热等)沉思3contain vt.容纳，包含，含有；抑制；克制 I received a letter containing some important information about the proje
4、ct._ Warm air can contain more water vapor than cold air._ Hearing the amusing story,John couldnt contain his amusement any more._ 包含容纳抑制；克制Words and Phrases知识要点 1 devote oneself to.献身，致力，专心(教材 P43).whatever I have devoted myself to，I have devoted myself to completely.凡是我要投入做的事，我都全身心投入了 例 Devoting h
5、erself to the research，the woman has little time to go home.由于致力于研究工作，这位妇女几乎没有时间回家。归纳拓展(1)devote.to(doing).把用在/献给(做)某事上 be devoted to致力于，献身于；忠诚于(2)devotion n.奉献 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 Neighbors devoted their spare time to _(help)others rebuild homes.She got the prize for her _(devote)to the poor children.
6、I have personally been _(devote)to this cause for many years.helping devotion devoted The professor _ the treatment of AIDS.这位教授毕生致力于研究艾滋病的治疗方法。devoted all his life to researching 知识要点 2 appeal to(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；(向某人)呼吁(教材 P44)Let a little song appeal to the ear,or a great book to the heart,and w
7、e discover a new world,a world of dreams and magic.让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。例 The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府正在呼吁每个人节约用水。归纳拓展(1)appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁或请求 appeal to sb.to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事 appeal for恳求；呼吁(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.为某事
8、向某人呼吁或请求 make an appeal to sb.to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事(3)appealing adj.有吸引力的，有感染力的 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 We made an appeal to the villagers _money to build the bridge.The Prime Minister appealed to young people _(use)their vote.for to use While this sounds highly _(appeal)，it does not work.The police _.警方呼吁公
9、众保持镇静。appealing made an appeal to/appealed to the public to remaincalm知识要点 3(教材 P44)The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.第一步是要确定文学的一些重要品质。(1)determine vt.确定；决心；支配 vi.决心 例 We set out to determine exactly what happened that night.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。归纳拓展(1)determine to do sth.决
10、定做(表示动作)(2)determined adj.坚决的，决定了的 be determined to do sth.决心做(表示状态)(3)determination n.决心 with determination坚决地，果断地 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 From his _(determine)look,we can know his confidence.There were many diving spots in the area and Larry was determined _(visit)all of them.Chinese players have the _(d
11、etermine)to win more gold medals in the next Olympic Games.No matter what happens，she _ 无论发生什么事，她都已经决定把真相说出来。determined to visit determination has determined to/has beendetermined to tell the truth 小片段填空 He is well known as a _(determine)man because he always fights his illness with _(determine).I d
12、etermined _(learn)from him.In other words,I was _(determine)to become a strong-minded girl as well.determined determination to learn determined(2)significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的 例 There are no significant differences between the two groups of students.这两组学生没有明显差别。归纳拓展(1)It is significant that.很明显(2)signi
13、ficance n.意义，意思，重要性 be of significance to.对有重要意义 attach significance to.认为重要(to 为介词)be of no significance无意义；无关紧要 be of great significance be very significant 非常重要；有重大意义的(3)significantly adv.显著地；重大地 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 In my view,practicing handwriting is _great significance to the students growth.As t
14、ime goes by,I attach greater _(significant)to doing what I am doing now.of significance The two sets of figures are not _(significant)different.As a matter of fact，his advice _ the beginners.事实上，他的建议对初学者非常重要。significantly is of great significance to/verysignificant to 知识要点 4(教材 P45)Some truth and be
15、auty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention，just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。(1)sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的，体贴的，敏感的，灵敏的 例 The classroom teacher must be sensitive to a childs needs.课堂教师必须理解孩子的需求。归纳拓展
16、(1)be sensitive to.对敏感 be sensitive about.神经过敏的，易生气的(2)sensible adj.明智的，意识到的 be sensible of意识到，认识到 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 I am not in favor of her.She is too sensitive _ what people think of her.I think the _(sense)thing would be to take a taxi home.The Stock Exchange is very _(sense)to political change.S
17、he _ other peoples feelings.她很能体谅他人的感情。to sensible sensitive is very sensitive to(2)reflect vt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思 例 A newspaper report seems to reflect the view of most members of Congress.报纸的一篇报导似乎反映了国会多数议员的观点。归纳拓展(1)reflect.in.在中映出的影像 be reflected in倒映在；反映在 reflect on/upon sth.反省/认真思考某
18、事(2)reflection n.反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思 on reflection再三考虑 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 English writing is the _(reflect)of students English level.She could see her face _(reflect)in the cars windshield.reflection reflected On _(reflect)，we decided to buy that house.I _ well,trying to find my own shortcomings.我好好地反省了自己，
19、努力寻找自己自身的不足。reflection reflect on/upon myself 知识要点 5 capable adj.有能力，有才能，能力强的(教材 P45)One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.读到这句诗的人可以发现曾视而不见的美。例 The kitchen is capable of catering for several hundred people.这间厨房可为数百人提供饮食。归纳拓展(1)be capable of.有能力(2)capab
20、ility n.才能，能力；容量(3)“能够做某事”的表达：be capable of doing sth.(人或物)能够做某事 be able to do sth.(人)能够做某事 enable sb.to do sth.能使人做某事 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 People experience differences in physical and mental _(capable)depending on the time of day.Every student in the class is capable of _(pass)the exam.His failure in
21、this exam will _(able)him to study hard.Im perfectly _ it myself,thank you.谢谢你，我完全有能力自己做。capability passing enable capable of doing/able to do 知识要点 6 contain vt.包含，含有，容纳；容忍；克制(强烈的感情等)(教材 P45)To achieve this,it should contain two elements:universal interest and personal style.要做到这一点，它应该包含两个要素：普遍兴趣和个人
22、风格。例 The stadium is large enough to contain 10，000 audience.这个体育场足够大，能容纳 1 万名观众。归纳拓展 contain oneself克制自己；自制 container n.容器 明辨异同 contain,include contain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内 include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语 sth.included 或 including sth.即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 She co
23、uld hardly contain _(her)when she saw him arrive.At weekends，I have to prepare food for seven people _(include)me.I dont know how much oil is in this old _(contain)He was so excited that he could hardly _ 他太激动了，以至于无法控制自己。herself including container contain himself 小片段填空 The box _(contain)a number of
24、 letters,_(include)those from her admirers and of course his letters _(include)as well.Seeing the _(contain),I cant contain_ any more.contains including included container myself Sentence Patterns重点句式 1 be doing.when.句式(教材 P44)A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell
25、and held it to his ear.一个孩子和一个男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子突然发现了一个贝壳，便把它拿起来放在耳边。句式分析：be doing.when.“(某人)正在做这时(突然)”，when 为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于 and at this/that time。例 1 Last Monday,I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.上周一，我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。例 2 One day，the cow was eat
26、ing grass when it began to rain heavily.一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起了大雨。归纳拓展 be about to do.when.正要做这时(突然)be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时(突然)had just done.when.刚做完这时(突然)即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 I was about _(give)up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.She was on the point of _(open)the window when someone
27、knocked at the door.to give opening I had just finished my exam paper_ the bell rang.I _ when a young man entered.我正在候诊室里面坐着，这时一个年轻人走了进来。when was sitting in the waiting room 重点句式 2“介词短语动词主语”完全倒装句式(教材P44)Behind every book is a man,behind the man is the race,and behind the race are the natural and soc
28、ial environments.每一本书的背后都是人，人的背后是种族，种族的背后是自然和社会环境。句式分析：此句为完全倒装句。表示处所、方位的介词短语置于句首，句子使用完全倒装句：介词短语(表语)连系动词主语。本句正常语序是“A man is behind every book,the race is behind the man,and the natural and social environments are behind the race.”。例 1 In front of our house lies a river where we used to swim.我们家前面有一条河
29、，过去我们常常在那儿游泳。例 2 Near the city was a volcano.离该城不远处有一座火山。归纳拓展 完全倒装用法总结如下：(1)表示地点的 here 和 there 位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词 be 和 come,go 等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。(2)副词 away,down,up,in,off,out,over,round 等位于句首时，其后也用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常是表示动态的不及物动词。(3)状语或表语置于句首时。为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。(4)非谓语动词
30、类。有时为了强调，可将非谓语动词置于句首，从而构成倒装。(5)there be 句型。该句型中的 be 可以替换成表示“存在”的动词，如 live,exist,lie,stand,seem,rise,remain,happen 等。句型结构为“there存在类动词主语”。名师点津 here，there 引起的完全倒装句的主语只能是名词，若主语为代词，则只能部分倒装。如：Here it comes.它来了。Here you are.给你。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 Between you and your dreams _(stand)a lot of hard work.Present
31、at the evening party _(be)our English teachers yesterday.Nowadays there _(live)a famous doctor named Zhong Nanshan in China._ was his wife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。stands were lives Standing beside the table 重点句式 3 关系副词 where 引导的定语从句(教材 P44)In a word,we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understa
32、nd literature.总之，我们现在已经到了希望了解并欣赏文学的地步。句式分析：where we wish to enjoy and understand literature 是定语从句，修饰先行词 point。当 point 作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。例 1 At that time we had reached a point where we had more black readers than white ones.那时候我们已到了黑人读者比白人读者还要多的阶段。例 2 You reach a point where medici
33、ne cant help.你已经到了无药可救的地步。归纳拓展 当先行词是 stage,point,case,situation,position,job,business,scene 等表示抽象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺状语时，常用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 He gets into a situation _it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.Can you think of a case in _ the word is properly used?After graduation she re
34、ached a stage _she needed to decide what to do.We have _ where a change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。where which where reached a point 1(教材 P44)Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange,and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears.分析 此句为主从复合句。其中两个 that 引导的宾语从句，作动词
35、 explain 的宾语。第一个 that 可以省略，但第二个 that 不能省略。译文 随后男子解释说其实孩子听到的声音并没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了各种对人的耳朵来说太微弱的声音而已。2(教材 P44)What amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old.分析 本句的主语为 what 引导的主语从句，what 在从句中作主语。not.but.意为“不是，而是”。译文 令孩子惊讶的不是一个新的世界，而是不为人注意的古老音乐。3(教材 P45)Some truth and beauty
36、remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention,just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.分析 此句为主从复合句。其中 until 引导时间状语从句；as 引导方式状语从句，翻译为“正如，如同一样”。译文 有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到有一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。教材高考 1.that whatever I have devoted myself to,I have devote
37、d myself to completely(2020 天 津 高 考)Devotion requires enthusiasm.教材高考(2020江苏高考)He proved that its not what happens to us that determines our livesits what we make of what happens.2.The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.(2020 江苏高考)But it was the effects deep within the fat
38、cells that may have been the most significant,the researchers found.教材高考 3.To achieve this,it should contain two elements:universal interest and personal style.(2020 江 苏 高 考)When Wilson heated it,the container exploded,leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.单句语法填空 1Equipped with arms，the soldiers deter
39、mined _(fight)against the terrorists.2The president was devoted to _(create)a peaceful world.3Tony,you should reflect _ what you did during your English class.to fight creating on/upon 4See how many minutes you devote _ each type of media.5 Young people are very _(sense)about their appearance.6I bel
40、ieve my son is capable _ being admitted to Zhejiang University.7_(determine)to look after his parents well,he moved to live with them.to sensitive of Determined 8During the discussion he draw _ historical evidence to support his point of view.9He appealed _voters to go to the polls(投票处)tomorrow.10It
41、 is of great _(significant)that he changed his will only days before his death.upon/on to significance.短语填空 devote oneself to;in store for sb.;in summary;draw on;be capable of;appeal to;take on;in the presence of;lie in;no doubt 1He will _ the state for an extension of unemployment benefits.2The mac
42、hine _ being repaired.3_,this was a disappointing performance.appeal to is capable of In summary 4If she had known what lay _,she would never have agreed to go.5No other organization was able or willing to _ the job.6If we _ a task,we have every reason to do it well.7He _ his experience as a monitor
43、 to communicate with all the teachers.in store for her take on devote ourselves to drew on 8The document was signed _two witnesses.9_ shell call us when she gets there.10The problem _ deciding when to leave for Shanghai.in the presence of No doubt lies in.课文语法填空 We can get a lot of benefits 1._ read
44、ing literature，as reading literature 2._(create)a world of dreams and magic for us.3._(enjoy)and understand literature，we should know some of its 4._(significance)qualities.The first is its description of truth and beauty 5._ will remain unnoticed 6._ some sensitive human souls bring them to our att
45、ention.The second quality is 7._(it)from creates To enjoy significant which/that unless its appeal to our feelings and imagination.The third is its permanence，which contains two elements:universal interest and 8._(person)style.In summary，literature is the 9._(express)of life in forms of truth and beauty，the 10._(write)record of mans thoughts and feelings，and the history of the human soul.personal expression written 点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 谢谢观看 THANK YOU!