1、四川省雅安市2014高考英语阅读理解金榜题名基础训练（5）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Linda Evans was my best friend like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we s
2、aw each other on special times like my wedding and Lindas. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back，stamped “Address Unknown”. I had no idea about how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to sha
3、re happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day, I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much lik
4、e Linda and whose last name was Wagman Lindas married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans.” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”Minutes later I heard a voice that I recognized at once,
5、even after 40 years. We laughed and cried and caught up on each others lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And theres one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We wont lose each other again!26. The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _.A. at the age of 13 B. before she got ma
6、rriedC. after they moved to new homes D. before the writers family moved away【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据开始的时候作者与Linda总是一起去上钢琴课、看电影、游泳、骑马等，但后来在作者13岁的时候，作者一家搬走了，两人只能通过书信联系。故选D。27. They didnt often write to each other because they _.A. got married B. had little time to do soC. didnt like writing letters D. coul
7、d see each other on special time【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第2段中的Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often根据文可知，她们之所以没经常写信，是因为她们要忙于照顾孩子，又要搬新家，也就是说，她们没有时间写信。28. There was an empty place in the writers heart because she _.A. was in troubleB. didnt know Lindas addressC. re
8、ceived the card that she sentD. didnt have a friend like Linda to share her happiness and sadness【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died.作者没有像琳达这样的朋友来分享她的快乐和悲伤，故选D。29. The writer was hap
9、py when she _.A. read the newspaperB. heard Lindas voice on the phoneC. met a young woman who looked a lot like LindaD. wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。真正让作者感到高兴的是当她在电话上听到老朋友Linda的声音的时候。而读到报纸的时候和写信的时候都还只是在猜测，那时还谈不上高兴。故选B。30. They havent kept in touch _.A. for about 40 yea
10、rs B. for about 27 yearsC. since they got married D. since the writers family moved away【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years可知她们40年没有联系了，故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educ
11、ators call the summer learning gap. Some call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight. Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar. Students get winter and spring br
12、eaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count. They wer
13、e spread among forty-six of the fifty states.But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said, “Year-round schools dont really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They
14、simply spread it out across the year.”Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.But calling them “summe
15、r school” could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins, Ron Fairchild, said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is conn
16、ected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other terms like “summer camp”, “enrichment”, “extra time” and “hands-on learning”.31. According to the first paragraph the summer learning gap .A. helps children to gain weightB. leads children to work harderC. improves
17、childrens memoriesD. affects childrens regular studies【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget.暑假影响了学生的正常的学习，故选D。32. Compared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones .A. perform better and have more learning gainsB. have much
18、 less time for relaxation every yearC. have generally the same number of class daysD. hold more classes with more free weeks off【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school.全年的学校与一般的学校都有相同的天数的授课时间，故选
19、C。33. Which of the following statements is true?A. Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation.B. Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.C. There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.D. Nothing can help the students who fall behind afte
20、r the vocation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students.来自贫困家庭通常在假期过后学习要落后其他孩子，故选A。34. Why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”?A. They cherish the childrens rights of freedom very
21、much.B. They are worried about the quality of the “summer school”.C. They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.D. They cant afford to the further study during vacation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly di
22、sliked the term “summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood.父母认为这样剥夺孩子的自由的权利，故选A。35. What would be the best title of this passage?A. Opening Summer CampsB. Forbidding Summer SchoolsC. Spreading Year-Round Education
23、D. Minding the Summer Learning Gap【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。根据Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap.及短文的内容可知注意暑假假期学习的退步，故选D。阅读理解-AWhen I was younger, bedtime was always my favourite part of the day. Wearing soft pajamas and with Ian, my stuffed monkey, in my
24、 arms, I felt no pressure at all.I named Ian after my uncle when I compared Ians long arms and legs to his. One night I ran up to Uncle Ian at a family party and told him I had named my monkey after him. His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a chuckle（哈哈笑）escaped his lips. I guess he didnt unders
25、tand how important it was to me.Even if Uncle Ian didnt think my monkey was special, I certainly did. I dressed him in a white baby nightgown. My mother thought that Ian was the best-dressed stuffed animal in the world. Yes, he was certainly a fashionable creature. The strong cologne（科隆香水）I used on
26、him years ago makes him still smell “pretty”.For a long time, Ian went everywhere with me. He was my best friend, and I told him everything. But when I turned twelve, I realized I was too old for stuffed animals. I thought people would think I was babyish, so I put him in the cupboard with the rest
27、of my teddy bears and dolls. I begged him to understand why I was doing this, but at the same time I longed to talk to him again.It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Ian. I know now that maturity（成熟）doesnt only mean growing up and taking on more responsibility. It also means ho
28、lding on to your childhood and acting young sometimes.Ian has been with me since I was six years old holding him in my arms connects me to my past and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?ABedtime used to be the writers fa
29、vourite part of the day because of the stuffed monkey.B. Uncle Ian liked the stuffed monkey as much as the writer.C. The writer used to carry the monkey with her wherever she went.D. Years later the writer realized that it was not wrong to miss Monkey Ian.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “bedtime was always
30、my favourite part of the day. .my stuffed monkey, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.”可知，A选项正确。由第四段首句 “For a long time, Ian went everywhere with me.” 可知，C选项正确。由倒数第二段首句 “It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Ian.” 可知，D选项正确。 结合第二段和该段的 “His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a
31、 chuckle escaped his lips. I guess he didnt understand how important it was to me.” 可知，Uncle Ian 对于我用他的名字为我的玩具猴命名感到迷惑，但是他并不知道玩具猴对我有多重要，因此可推断，Uncle Ian并不是和作者一样喜欢玩具猴。B选项不符合文意，故选择B。2. The writer loved Monkey Ian deeply because _.A. he could understand her B. he was a fashionable monkeyC. he could talk
32、with her D. he was her most honest listener 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。由第四段 “He was my best friend, and I told him everything.” 可以推断，玩具猴是作者最忠实的听众。故答案为D。3. We can learn from the text that the writer believes _.A. keeping stuffed animals is babyishB. maturity doesnt mean growing up and taking on more responsi
33、bilityC. one should keep to his childhood and act young sometimes even when he has grown upD. human beings should be kind to animals 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段可知，作者几年后才意识到想念玩具Ian 是没有错的。他懂得了成熟不仅仅意味着长大和承担责任，成熟也意味着怀念童年并有时候表现得稚气也无妨。故可推断，C选项符合文意。A选项与文意相反；B选项没有了 “only” ，意思就与原文相反；D选项未提及。4. We can infer from t
34、he text that _.A. the writer is still a teenager B. the writer is now a middle-aged womanC. Monkey Ian got angry for being left alone DUncle Ian has a monkey-like face答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题，要求推断作者的年龄。结合文章第一段首句 “When I was younger” 和最后一段 “and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.” 可以推断，作者
35、继续在成长并开始懂得自己，现在应该是个青少年。故答案为A。阅读理解课堂练学案（5）Passage Eleven (Superconducting Materials)The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science - once the least sexy technolog
36、y is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and cer
37、amics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.The key to the new materials is researchers increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the micros
38、copic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and n
39、ever rust or corrode.A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets
40、 that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to s
41、unlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides, composites plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat: a helmet saved an infantrymans lif
42、e by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.But new material
43、s have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.1.How many n
44、ew materials are mentioned in this passage?A TwoThreeC FourD Five2.Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?A To compare them with the new materials.To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.C To compare the new materials to them.D To explain his v
45、iew point.3.Why is transition difficult?A Because transition requires money and time.Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.C Because research on new materials is very difficult.DBecause it takes 10 years.4.Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?A It
46、 lies in research.It lies in investment.C It lies in innovation.D It lies in application.Vocabulary1.superstuff 超级材料2.superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷3.exotic 神奇的4.shape 塑造，成型5.brittleness 脆性6.polymer 聚合体7.karate jacket 空手道外衣8.touch sensor 触及传感器9.each punch and chop 每一个击、打10.blot 玷污，损害风景的东西11.tinker 修补，
47、调整12.amendable 服从于，遵循的13.biodegradable 能生物递减分解的14.six-pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物15.decompose 分解16.recyclable 可循环（使用的）17.infantryman 步兵18.deflect 使偏斜，使转向19.a new twist 一个新的观点，方法难句译注1.Material science once the least sexy technology is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics
48、that may revolutionize electronics.【参考译文】材料科学，一度曾是最无吸引力（最不起眼）的技术，正以崭新的 ，以超导陶瓷为首的种种实用性发明绽开新颜。这种超导陶瓷可能会使电子技术彻底改变。2.Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles
49、 thick is clearer than a standard window pane.【参考译文】有些高级材料是带有新方法的老标准。最新全国电话的光纤电缆由玻璃制成。这种玻璃透明度极高，一片100英里厚的玻璃比一块标准的窗框玻璃还要清晰透明。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍“超导材料”的论说文,采用一般到具体的分类写作手法。先指出未来时代的材料属于超导，然后再提出三种超导材料，再逐一说明。答案详解1.B 三种超导材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具体讲这三种材料。第二段讲陶瓷：“新材料之关键在于研究工作者不断提高在分子水平上处理物质的能力。举陶瓷为例，由于它的脆
50、性，长期来应用范围有限。但是通过改善导致脆性的微小缺陷，科学家制造出一种保持原有硬度和抗热性，但坚实得多的陶瓷”。第三段讲塑料。“类似的转折发生在塑料上，高强度的塑料建成了桥梁、溜冰场、直升机的叶轮。一种震动或推动就能发电的新型塑料用于电子吉他上，触及传感塑料用于机械手和空手道外衣上，它能自动记录每次击打。”后面谈及塑料垃圾可以处理，或者制造可分解还原的塑料制品。塑料内加入其他化合物加强性能。第四段讲有些高级材料由新的改变，最新的光纤电缆由玻璃制成，透明度极高，100英里厚的一块其清晰度比一块普通窗玻璃还高。2.B 说明这种新材料对未来世界的意义。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定会象
51、生物工程和计算机一样将改变世界。”A. 把它们和新材料相比较，这里不仅仅是比较，而是说明三者都具同样的作用改变世界。 C. 把新材料比作它们。也不仅仅是比喻比拟。 与A一样没有说到核心电。D. 说明他的观点。太笼统。3.A 转折需要钱和时间。见最后一段“可是新材料只有制成产品才有影响，而这个转折可能很困难，因为转折需要长期的研究和投资。可以这么说，在不久的将来，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料转变成商品将决定一个国家之成败。”B. 因为许多制造商不愿改变他们的设备。C. 因为新材料的研究非常困难。 D. 转折要华上十年时间。这三项文内没有涉及。4.D 在超级材料时代已过之成功在于应用。A. 在于研究。B. 在于投资。C. 在于革新。这三项都是应用的部分前提。其中A和B文内提到，C项文内未涉及。