1、课时分层作业(九).阅读理解AScientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain.But they didnt find out in the usual way.Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating.The technique can measure the age of carbon found in
2、charcoal (木炭) drawings or painted pictures.Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people.But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test.People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools.The scientists had an “aha！” moment when t
3、hey noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings.The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made.“It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，” said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britains University of Bristol.“We were very fortunate that some of them w
4、ere covered by stalagmites (石笋)”When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old.And some of the animals shown，like the European bison，are now extinctanother tipoff that the art is quite old.The artists came to Cr
5、eswell Crags.This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age.At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily.Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old.They show that the travellers hunted horse
6、s，reindeer，and arctic hare.Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany.It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to the people several thousand kilometres awayanother important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world.【语篇解读】本文是
7、一篇说明文。科学家们最近发现了英国最古老的壁画，并试图推测它们的年代、主题等。1The underlined word “Archaeologists” in Paragraph 2 probably refers to people Awho study things left behind by people in the pastBwho have rich experience in paintingCwho are interested in wild animalsDwho are good at using stone toolsA词义猜测题。文章的第二段对archaeologi
8、sts的工作内容做了描述：用放射性碳测定年代。据此可推知，其意思应是“考古学家”。2Why do scientists say the art is quite old?AThe animals carved in the stone are strange.BThe art was carved into stone with stone tools.CThe cave is one of the farthest point in the world.DSome pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old.
9、D推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，一些画表面覆盖着的石笋已有12 800年的历史，据此科学家推测出此画非常古老。3What can we learn from the passage?ACarbon is a rare element.BTo date rock art in scientific methods is not very difficult.CSome animals shown on the cave walls at Creswell Crags have died out.DDuring the Ice Age，it was more difficult for peop
10、le to travel around by land than by sea.C细节理解题。由第四段第二句可知，岩石壁画里的某些动物，如欧洲野牛已经灭绝，所以C项正确。4Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?ACave Art in BritainBCave Art Found in an Unusual WayCCave Art Proved to Be Britains OldestDCave Art About Animals Is Most BeautifulC标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了已知的英国
11、最古老的壁画，内容包括年代的推测，壁画的主题、特点及其意义等，所以选C项。BThe planting or woodlands in upland areas could play a key role in preventing the flooding which has increasingly affected communities across the world in recent years.A new study by the University of Plymouth has shown that within just 15 years of being planted
12、，native broadleaf trees can have a great effect on soils response during extreme weather events.It means that the huge amount of rainwater can be more readily absorbed，rather than simply running over the surface and into rivers where it probably causes severe flooding.Scientists say their findings s
13、how planting more native woodlands in upland areas could be an effective and natural flood management tool.There have been a number of extreme rainfall and flooding events in recent years，and they are predicted to increase in both frequency and seriousness in the future as a result of humancaused cl
14、imate change.They show that in areas where new woodlands have been planted，the ability of soil to absorb water is almost double that of areas with no trees，associated with increases in soil macropores(大孔隙)and reductions in soil compaction(压实)This means the speed at which rainwater enters rivers duri
15、ng rainfall events is obviously reduced，which helps lower peak flow.However，the nature of the soil and location of the woodlands are also critical to their success，with steep hillside on the edge of upland areas providing the most effective location for tree plantations to serve as an effective floo
16、d prevention tool.Dr.Paul Lunt，Associate Professor in Environmental Science added，“There are a lot of weak upland catchment(集水)areas across the UK.However，by working with farmers and the governments farm woodland measures，this study has shown that damaged soil can recover rapidly.This is particularl
17、y obvious on hillsides which are traditionally not so good for farming.So there is an opportunity for a joinedup approach which could not only benefits the uplands themselves，but also those people living on and around them.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在高地地区种植林地可以在防止洪水泛滥方面发挥关键作用。5What advantage does planti
18、ng native woodlands in upland areas have?APreventing rainwater into the sky.BTaking in plenty of rainwater.CStopping the extreme weather.DHelping rainwater run over the surface.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“It means that the huge amount of rainwater can be more readily absorbed，rather than simply running over th
19、e surface and into rivers where it probably causes severe flooding.”可知，在高地种植原生林地可以吸收大量的雨水。故选B。6What can we infer from Paragraph 3?ATrees can help reduce soil macropores.BNew woodlands are related to extreme weather.CPlanting new woodlands may prevent serious flooding.DScientists affect the ability o
20、f soil to absorb water.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Scientists say their findings show planting more native woodlands in upland areas could be an effective and natural flood management tool.”可知，种植新的林地可以防止严重的水灾。故选C。7What does Dr.Paul Lunt mainly talk about?AThe way of reducing flooding risks.BThe measures of hel
21、ping native farmers.CThe cooperation between farmers and the government.DThe benefits of planting native woodlands.D推理判断题。根据文章第六段中的“ However，by working with farmers and the governments farm woodland measures，this study has shown that damaged soil can recover rapidly.This is particularly obvious on h
22、illsides which are traditionally not so good for farming.So there is an opportunity for a joinedup approach which could not only benefits the uplands themselves，but also those people living on and around them.”可知，Dr.Paul Lunt主要讨论了种植原生林地的好处。故选D。8Which is the best title for the text?ANew Woodlands Can
23、 Help Reduce Flooding RisksBRainwater Will Ruin Mountainous AreasCScientists Has Found Ways to Control Extreme WeatherDFarmers Have Planted Many Trees to Collect RainwaterA标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“The planting or woodlands in upland areas could play a key role in preventing the flooding which has increasingly
24、affected communities across the world in recent years.”可知，文章主要介绍了在高地地区种植林地可以在防止洪水泛滥方面发挥关键作用。故选A。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Henry returned home on the evening of February 3，2018，tearyeyed and exhausted.The 33yearold professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaiis Waimea
25、Bay (夏威夷威美亚海湾) to the other while wildly scanning the water to look for his “baby” ，but in vain.By then，night had started to fall.At home，Henry took his search online.“I was surfing tonight and lost my baby，” he wrote on Facebook.That “baby” was a blue surfboard that had been made for him.Hours earl
26、ier，the crash of a big wave had separated Henry from this prized possession.“I caught the biggest waves of my life on that board，” Henry later said.“Thats why it means so much to me.” He hoped it would wash ashore and that whoever spotted it would have also seen his Facebook post.But the currents of
27、 Waimea Bay swept it out to sea，away from the Hawaiian Islands.Weeks passed with no sign of the surfboard，so he saved for months and decided to buy a new one.But Henry never completely forgot about the board，whichsix months after and more than 5 ，000 miles away from where it disappearedfloated by th
28、e remote island of Sarangani in the southern Philippines(菲律宾)The local fisherman found it and sold the board to Bran.He was a teacher in a poorlyequipped elementary school，and hoped to learn to surf and one day share the skill with his students.He bought Henrys surfboard for $ 40.The onceblue board
29、had faded to a pale straw color during its journey，but its distinctive markings were still there.Underneath the markings were the words “Henry，Hawaii.” Realizing how far the surfboard had traveled，Bran was astonished.He was searching for relevant information on the Internet when Henrys post caught h
30、is attention.注意：1续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board. With the school supplies and the new surfboard，Henry went to Brans school. 【参考范文】Bran contacted Henry online and sent him photos of the board.The moment Henry saw the photos，despite the faded color，h
31、e recognized his “baby”Henry was amazed to learn that his “baby” had drifted across the ocean and survived.Without delay，he reached out to Bran.Much to his surprise，Bran was also enthusiastic about surfing.The happy coincidence made him determine to buy Bran a brandnew surfboard.What surprised him m
32、ost were Brans poor school conditions，which fueled him to help them.To convey his gratitude，Henry decided to fly to the Philippines with some backpacks and books as well as the new board.With the school supplies and the new surfboard，Henry went to Brans school.On his arrival，he caught sight of Bran，
33、with the board beside him.Seeing his beloved board，Henry was overjoyed to recover it.Overwhelmingly grateful，he gave Bran a big hug.Henry showed the brandnew board prepared for him and offered to teach him to surf.Later，they handed out the backpacks and books to the students，who were extremely pleased and exclaimed in delight.It dawned on Henry that every act of kindness could make a great difference and brighten the world.
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