1、Unit 2CloningSection Grammar&Writing同位语 第一板块单元语法用适当的连接词填空1I have no idea _ he will come back.2The question _ we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.3We express the hope _ they will come to visit China again.whenwhetherthat4The news _ our teacher was ill is true.5The news _ you told
2、us yesterday is true.6Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.thatthat/whichthat一、同位语同位语是句子成分的一种。主要用于对名词进行解释与说明，可充当同位语的有名词(词组)、代词、数词、形容词(短语)、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)及从句等。1名词、代词或数词充当同位语I live with my uncle Tom.我和 Tom 叔叔住在一起。We each put forward a propo
3、sal.我们每人提出了一个建议。She is the oldest among them six.她是他们六个人中年纪最大的。2名词词组、形容词(词组)、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)等充当同位语Zhu Zhiwen,a diligent farmer and brilliant singer,is really a hit throughout China.朱之文，一位勤劳的农民、才华横溢的歌唱家，轰动了全中国。Is this your purpose,to avoid being punished?逃避惩罚，这就是你的目的？二、同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句
4、是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在 fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt，promise，question等抽象名词的后面。对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。1同位语从句的连接词主要有 that，whether，why，who，where，how，when 等。其中 that，whether 不作成分，that 无实际意义，whether 意为“是否”；其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。The news that he was pu
5、nished soon spread on the Internet.他被惩罚的消息很快在网上传开了。I have no idea where he lives.我不知道他住在哪里。2同位语从句的注意事项(1)分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其所解释说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。A saying goes that practice makes perfect.“熟能生巧”是谚语。(2)名词 suggestion，order，demand，command，request 等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(s
6、hould)do”。Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给了我们一些如何使用电脑的建议。(3)名词 doubt(怀疑)后的同位语从句用 whether 引导；no doubt(毫无疑问)后的同位语从句用 that 引导。We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.张卫会守信用，这是毫无
7、疑问的。3同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句定语从句功能不同说明名词表示的具体内容说明名词的性质，特征、来源等that不作成分，起连接作用，不可省略作主语、宾语或表语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时 可 省 略，指 物 时 可 用which 代替同位语从句定语从句whether/how不作成分，起连接作用，意为：“是否”，“如何”不引导定语从句wh-类连接词作成分，起连接作用，有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关作成分，起连接作用，没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分Jim got to know the news that the whole village was in great
8、danger.吉姆得知整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。(that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 the news 的内容。)Do you know the news(that/which)Jim told me?你知道吉姆告诉我的那个消息吗？(that/which 引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语).用适当的连接词填空1I have no idea _ we will have a good rest.2The question _ we should go there must be decided then.3There was little hope _ he would survive.4T
9、he suggestion _ he gave me is practical.5The pen _ you found yesterday is mine.whenwhetherthatthatthat/which6The suggestion came from the chairman _ the new rules should be adopted.7There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot ever.8We all know the fact _ China has a history of over f
10、ive thousand years.9The proposal had been put forward,and then arose the question _ we were to get the proofs needed.10There is much discussion about the question _ the rising food prices are affecting ordinary people.thatthatthatwherehow.单句改错1There still remains some doubt that he can take good car
11、e of his daughter._2They are faced with the problem if they should continue the work._3You may leave it to they three._4His teacher gave him the advice that he uses computer properly._5The news they won the match is true._thatwhetherifwhethertheythemusesusenews后加that.语法与写作1他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。The new
12、s _ soon spread over the whole school.2我保证过我会让他高兴。I made a promise _.3怎样才能筹集到足够的钱，这个问题我们还没有解决。We havent yet settled the question _.how we can raise enoughmoneythat they had won the gamethat I would make him happy4我们的老师就我们该去哪里度暑假给出了建议。Our teacher gave us the suggestion _.5谁该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。The question
13、_ requires consideration.6很多父母持有这样的观点：青少年不应该花太多时间上网。Many parents hold the view _ online.where we should spend our summer holidaysthat teenagers shouldnt spend too much timewho should do the work7我刚从收音机上听说了暴风雨有可能要来的警告。Ive just heard a warning on the radio_.8这件事情是否值得做，这个问题将在会议上被讨论。The question _ will
14、be discussed at the meeting.that a rainstorm is likely to comewhether it is worth doing如何写议论文第二板块单元写作文体感知议论文主要针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法，因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较，然后进行分析和评论，最后提出自己的看法，表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明，得出结论。1在文章的开头提出有争议的观点(一般提出两个相对的观点，然后客观地对其进行评析)。2接下来可用一个或两个段落分别展开论述。在每段中，均可用
15、主题句来点明论点，并对这些论点进行比较和对比、分析和评论。3文章结尾对所论述观点进行客观、合理的评论，提出自己的看法、建议；也可以将不同观点相互融合，选其可取之处，形成自己独到的观点。增分佳句1There are different opinions among people as to.Some people suggest that.2Peoples opinions about.vary from person to person.Some people say that.3Everything has two sides and.is not an exception；it has b
16、oth advantages and disadvantages.4On the contrary,there are some people in favour of.At the same time,they say.5Faced with.,we should take a series of effective measures to.For one thing，.for another，.6As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that.7For my part,
17、I think it reasonable to.Only in this way can you.8From what has been discussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that.写作要求假定你是李华，你班同学最近参加了某报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：要不要克隆人类。请你根据下表所提供的信息，给报社编辑投稿，客观地介绍讨论情况。大约 35%的同学支持克隆1.克隆人很有趣，可以使人复生；2.能使世界变得更有趣，使经济发展有更大突破，给人类带来更多的快乐；3.可以克隆一些著名科学家，让他们承担一些精确的研究工
18、作，为人类做更多的事情大约 65%的同学不支持克隆1.克隆人会引发道德问题；2.每个人是不同的，被克隆的人只不过是复制品；3.克隆人会不时地被坏人所利用你的观点1.现在很难说克隆人类是对还是不对；2.也许我们只能等待审题谋篇体裁议论文时态一般现在时为主主题克隆人称第一、三人称结构第一部分：引出问题：是否要克隆人类第二部分：正方和反方观点第三部分：陈述自己的看法遣词造句.对接单元词汇1_使复生；使复活2_突破3_从事；承担4_精确的；准确的5_道德(上)的；伦理的6_不同；相异7_不时；偶尔bring back to lifebreakthroughundertakeexactmoraldiff
19、erfrom time to time.巧用单元句式、语法(一)完成句子1另一个优势是它能够使经济发展有所突破。_ in the development of economy is another advantage.(主语从句)2我们可以克隆一些著名科学家，让他们承担一些精确的研究工作，为我们人类做更多的事情。We can clone some famous scientists and let them undertake some exact research work to do more things for us _.(同位语)That it can make a breakthr
20、oughhumansthat it is a moral question365%的学生认为克隆人是道德上的问题。65 percent of the students hold the view _to clone humans.(同位语从句)4我们每个人是不同的，然而被克隆的人只不过是复制品。Each of us differs _ a cloned person is merely a copy.(while 表示对比)5就我而言，现在很难说克隆人类是对还是不对。In my opinion,_ right now to say whether cloning humans is right
21、 or not.(it 作形式主语)whileit is difficult(二)句式升级6用.advantage is that.改写句 1_ 7用 so that 将句 2 改为复合句_ _ 8用 whether 引导主语从句改写句 5_ Another advantage is that it can make a breakthrough in the development of economy.We can clone some famous scientists and let them undertake some exact research work so that the
22、y can do more things for us humans.In my opinion,whether cloning humans is right or not is difficult to say right now.妙笔成篇_One possible version：Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone humans.35 percent of the students think cloning humans is interesting and can bring people back
23、 to life.It can make the world more interesting and give people more pleasure.Another advantage is that it can make a breakthrough in the development of economy.Besides,we can clone some famous scientists and let them undertake some exact research work so that they can do more things for us humans.6
24、5 percent of the students hold the view that it is a moral question to clone humans.Each of us differs while a cloned person is merely a copy.From time to time,cloned people may be taken advantage of by some evil persons.In my opinion,whether cloning humans is right or not is difficult to say right now.Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.word部分：请做：课时作业练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块