1、philosophy n. sledge n. hostel n. goods n.raft n. Arcticfootprint n. fuel n.whitewater raftingdesert n. gymnastics n. author n.horizon n. canoe vi.&n. dull adj. dictation n.bungee jumping n. hike v&n. jog vi. professor n.skin n. presenter n. emperor n. hunter n.snowboarding n. porter n. court n.1(20
2、20新高考全国卷)The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.保护；庇护2(2018江苏卷)Its vital that new compulsory ageappropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.使具备能力；使能
3、够胜任 单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1adventure n奇遇，冒险的经历2major adj.较重要的；较严重的3wild adj.野生的；狂热的4extra adj.特别的；额外的5altitude n高度，海拔6exactly adv.确切地，精确地7risk vt.冒的危险 8excitement n兴奋，激动9statement n陈述10quantity n量，数量11sadness n悲哀，忧伤12function vi.运转；发挥作用用所给词的适当形式填空。1The state supplied them large quantities (quantity) of chem
4、ical fertilizer.2The brave soldier risked (risk) his life to save the drowning boy on that Sunday.3The two Frenchmen went through strange adventures (adventure) in the African forests.核心单词语境运用13nationality n国籍14aim n目标；目的15transport n运输，运送16disadvantage n不利，不利条件 17staff n员工，全体工作人员18shelter n遮蔽，庇护所19
5、accommodation n住所，住处20cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的21route n路线，路程22luggage n行李23maximum adj.最大的，最多的24goal n目的；目标4Using mobile telephone has an aspect of advantage and another aspect of disadvantage (advantage)5He saw the ship that was to_transport (transport) them to the other side of the world.6Saunders law
6、yer made a brief statement (state) to the press outside the court.7You need to set yourself some longterm goals(goal)8Despite the power cuts，the hospital continued to_function (function) normally.9These measures are_aimed (aim) at preventing violent crime.派生单词语境运用1observe vt.观察，观测observation n观察2amb
7、ition n志向，抱负ambitious adj.有远大志向的；有野心的3survival n幸存，残存survive vt.& vi.幸免于；幸存4distant adj.远处的；久远的distance n遥远5limit n边界；限度limited adj.有限的6uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj.舒服的comfort n& vt.安慰7patience n耐心；忍耐力patient adj.耐心的n.病人patiently adv.耐心地8differ vi.不同于，有区别difference n不同之处different adj.不
8、同的9anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的anxiety n焦虑，不安10extreme adj.极度的，极端的extremely adv.极其地，极端地11similar adj.相似的similarity n相似性，类似性12various adj.不同的，各种各样的variety n品种；种类；变化vary vi.变化13equip vt.装备，配置equipment n配备，设备14prefer v喜爱preference n较喜欢的东西，偏爱15amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj.惊愕的，吃惊的amazing adj.令人惊异的amazement n吃惊，惊愕16
9、confuse vt.使困惑confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n混乱；困惑17wealth n财富；富有wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的18prepare vt.准备；预备preparation n准备，预备 用所给词的适当形式填空。1He felt uncomfortable (comfort) because of being criticized to his face.2They are both doctors but that is where the similarity (similar) ends.3However
10、，peoples preference (prefer) to food seems to have no relations with nutrition.4Do not be afraid to be ambitious (ambition) when you set these goals.5The time we spent together is now a distant (distance) memory.6He is engaged in making preparations (prepare) for the conference on educational work.7
11、He said nothing，but felt extremely (extreme) happy inside.8The workers in the factory equip themselves with scientific knowledge and all the equipment in the factory is very advanced.(equip)9What amazed me was Liu Qians amazing performance which made all the people present look at him in amazement.(
12、amaze)10Judging from his confused expression，he didnt understand the confusing problem referring to teenagers mental health.(confuse)11Hes a good doctor.He always has patience with his patients and talks with them patiently.(patient)12There were a few anxious moments in the basketball game.Therefore
13、，all of us watched it with anxiety.(anxious)派生单词语境运用19tire v. (使)疲劳n. 轮胎；头饰tiring adj.令人疲劳的tired adj.疲倦的20organise v. 组织；安排；筹备；处理organisation n团体，组织，机构21option n可选择的事物；选择optional adj.可选择的，非强制的22shock vt.震惊，惊骇shocking adj.令人气愤的；令人震惊的shocked adj. 感到震惊的23exhaust v使筋疲力尽exhausted adj.疲惫的exhausting adj. 使
14、人疲惫不堪的24hope n希望hopeless adj.没有希望的hopeful adj.有希望的13The car is different from that one.Their differences lie in color and type.(different)14Theres no need to_exhaust (exhaust) yourself clearing up well do it.15A holiday isnt an optional(option) extra. In this stressful world, its a must.16His applic
15、ation for membership of the_organisation(organise) was rejected.17The doctor said the old mans condition was hopeless(hope). 18Everyone in the street was_shocked_when they heard the shocking news.(shock)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1in_order_to_do_something目的是，以便2get_across 使理解(某事)3take_off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱掉；开始成功4upside_
16、down 颠倒地，倒置地5back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。My friend Tom and I wanted to visit Beijing.In_order_to achieve our dream，we got our idea across to our parents last Saturday.At first，they didnt allow us to go.But we managed to persuade our parents eventually.The plane took_off at five oclock in the m
17、orning.We had great fun in Beijing.6in_turn轮流7break_out (坏事)突然发生，爆发8put.into_prison 把关进监狱9stand_by 坚持(某种)说法；袖手旁观10carry_on 继续做某事选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。We watched a fierce football match last weekend.After watching it we drove home quickly all the way in_turn.To our shock，a fighting broke_out between fans aft
18、er the match.The police arrived at the stadium soon.They took away a young wealthy man.One of my friends told me that the man was_put_into_prison.11on_ones_way在途中12break_down 损坏，不能运转13run_out_of 用完，耗尽14turn_up 出现，到场；调高声音15right_now 就在此刻选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Last week we joined a summer camp.On_our_way to th
19、e summer camp，our car broke_down and what was worse，we ran_out_of oil.Luckily，after a while another car turned_up and it was the warmhearted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us get the car functioning.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.so.that引导结果状语从句When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous t
20、hat I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.新冠肺炎来得如此猛烈以至于使世界上的许多国家损失惨重。The COVID19 has come_so_violently_that_many countries in the world have lost a lot.2.too.to.“太而不能”Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were to
21、o fantastic to be true.他们太缺乏经验，无法应付那种严重的局面。They are too_inexperienced_to cope with that serious situation.3.全部倒装句Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.山顶上矗立着一座修建于唐朝时期的古庙。On_the_top_of_the_mountain_stands_an ancient temple built in the Tang Dynasty.4.have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有
22、困难”The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.由于缺乏独立，目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。For lack of independence，most students have_difficulty_(in)_adapting_to college life at present.1differ vi.不同于，有区别 (1)differ from 与不同differ in 在方面不同differ with sb.about/on sth. 关于某事与某人意见不同(2)difference
23、 n 不同；区别make a/no/little difference(to.) (对)有/无/几乎无影响tell the difference between.and. 分辨与的不同(3)different adj. 不同的；相异的be different from/to 与不同be different in 在方面不同management styles differ管理风格各有不同differ greatly in climate气候差异很大differ from day to day 每天都会不同opinions differ意见不一基础练习单句语法填空Old English is di
24、fferent from the English we speak now.I differ with him on that point，though he may be right.Can you tell the difference (differ) between an ape and a monkey?链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)After he finished the book，he found time to lecture at various colleges.(高级表达)After he finished the book，he found time to lectur
25、e at different colleges.(普通表达)Things in the world vary from each other in a thousand ways.(高级表达)Things in the world differ_from each other in a thousand ways.2risk vt.冒的危险 n冒险；危险；风险 高考原句2020全国卷With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独)，more families are choos
26、ing to live together.(1)risk (doing) sth. 冒险(做)某事(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒着做某事的风险take/run the risk of (doing) sth. 冒的危险；冒险做某事take/run a risk/risks 冒险at risk 处境危险；遭受危险at all risks/at any risk无论冒什么风险，无论如何be not willing to risk taking his ship through the straits in such bad weather不愿意在这样恶劣的天气里冒
27、险将船驶过海峡 risk ones own life to help a disabled woman 冒着生命危险去帮助一个残疾妇女run the risk of being dismissed 冒着被开除的风险 基础练习单句语法填空They were more likely to break the speed limit and be at the risk of getting fined.You risked your life to_save (save) the drowning children.链接写作一句多译我对演讲做了充分的准备，因为我不想冒险失去这一次好机会。I got
28、 wellprepared for the speech，for I couldnt risk_losing the good opportunity.(risk v)I got wellprepared for the speech，for I couldnt take_risks/a_risk_to lose the good opportunity.(risk n)I got wellprepared for the speech，for I couldnt take/run_the_risk_of losing the good opportunity.(risk n)3confuse
29、 vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆 (1)confuse A with/and B 将A和B混淆(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的confusing adj. 使人迷惑的confusion n混乱；困惑confuse you with another把你和另外一个人搞混this situation must be confusing for 这种局面肯定让感到困惑in a confused state of mind意识不清基础练习单句语法填空His writing is so confusing (confuse) that its difficult to make ou
30、t what he is trying to express.As teenagers grow，it is normal for them to become confused (confuse) about the changing world.链接写作完成句子他困惑地看着我，没有回答问题。He_looked_at_me_in_confusion and did not answer the question.4quantity n数量，量 (1)a large quantity oflarge quantities of量的in quantity/in large quantities
31、大量地(2)quality n质量be successfully produced in quantity 被成功地大量制造出demand not only quantity but also quality 不但要求数量多，而且要求质量高 名师点津a quantity of/quantities of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。“a quantity ofn.”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；“quantities ofn.”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。基础练习单句语法填空Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity.A large quantity of
32、books has_been_contributed (contribute) to the children in the countryside since then.As a result of destroying the forests，large quantities of desert have (have) covered the land so far.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Many trees are cut down，which leads to bad effects on the environment.(高级表达)Quantities_of trees are
33、 cut down，which leads to bad effects on the environment.5preparation n准备，预备 (1)make preparations for/to do sth. 为(做)某事做准备(be) in preparation 在准备中(2)prepare vt. 预备；筹备；调制；为做准备vi. 准备；预备；做准备prepare to do sth. 准备做某事prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)为某事做准备(3)prepared adj. 有准备的，事先准备好的愿意做某事；为(做)某事做好准备have no adeq
34、uate preparation没有充分的准备be announced in preparation据预告，正在准备中be collecting information in preparation for the day 正在收集情报，为那一天做准备基础练习单句语法填空Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.It is necessary for the young to make preparations (prepare) for their future.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Only education can make chil
35、dren ready for their future life and keep up with the trend of the world.(高级表达)Only education can make children well_prepared_for their future life and keep up with the trend of the world.6aim n目标；目的 vi. & vt.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力 (1)achieve ones aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标take aim at 向瞄准with the aim of 以为目标；意在
36、(2)aim sth.at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲/企图/旨在做某事be aimed at目的是；旨在be aiming for the 100 meters world record 志在打破100米世界纪录 the aim of the festival is to increase awareness of 该节庆日的目的在于增强人们对的认识 the new measures are aimed at 新措施旨在基础练习写出下列句中aim的含义Theyre aiming at training e
37、verybody by the end of the year.(朝某方向)努力Before the hunter could take aim，the deer jumped out of sight.瞄准Our aim is to make the students speech comprehensible.目标，目的This antismoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.针对链接写作完成句子她参观学校的目的是学习更多先进的教学经验。She visited the school with_the_aim_of_learni
38、ng_more_advanced_teaching_ experience.7observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝 (1)observe sb.do/doing sth. 看到某人做了/正在做某事observe sth.done 看到某事被做observe a rule 遵守规则(2)observer n 观察者(3)observation n 观察；观察力；观测be under observation在观察中，在监视中be observing the MidAutumn Festival 正在庆祝中秋节not only observe but also help 不但要看，而且要帮名
39、师点津observe sb.do sth.在变成被动语态时，应添加省略的不定式符号“to”。基础练习写出下列句中observe的含义This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer.观察It is everybodys duty to observe the traffic rules to keep our society in order.遵守It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝The thi
40、ef was observed to get away with much money.注意到链接写作完成句子不管什么时候过马路，一定要遵守交通规则。Do_observe_the_traffic_rules whenever you cross the road.8limit vt.限制；限定 n界限；边界；限度 (1)limited adj. 有限的(2)limit.to. 把限定在范围内(3)set a limit to/on. 对规定限度was being tested to its limits 经受着极其严峻的考验threemonthtime limit 3个月的限期 within
41、the limits of a fairly tight budget 在相当紧张的预算范围内精打细算基础练习单句语法填空After all，individual strength is limited (limit)Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.The teaching of history should not be limited (limit) to dates and figures.链接写作完成句子他在一个贫困家庭中长大，童年时期仅仅接受了有限的教育。Brought u
42、p in a poor family，he_only_received_limited_education_in_his_ childhood.9take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；匆匆离去 take over 接任，接管，接收take in 吸收，理解；受骗take up 拿起；占据；对有兴趣；开始从事take on呈现；雇用；承担eventually took off at 11 oclock 终于在11点起飞 take his hat off 摘下他的帽子take her off to a police station 把她带到了警察局take off his fathe
43、r to perfection模仿他爸爸时惟妙惟肖 his career take off他的事业开始腾飞基础练习写出下列句中take off的含义Three planes were standing on the runway，waiting to take off.起飞Take off your wet clothes and put on some dry ones.脱下Congratulations，Paulo！Now maybe you can take a few days off.休假Her singing career took off after her TV appeara
44、nce.大受欢迎链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Many businesses started up by college students have been popular thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.(高级表达)Many businesses started up by college students have_taken_off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.10turn up出现，到场；找出，发现；开大，调高turn to
45、 求助于turn out 最后结果，最终成为；在场；出席；生产turn up at the conference 在会议上露面have never turned up any evidence从没发现任何证据 turn up the TV in the other room 把另一个房间里的电视声音调高基础练习写出下列句中turn up的含义This is similar to waiting for a bus that never turns up.出现Investigations have never turned up any evidence.找到Bill would turn up
46、 the TV in the other room.调高链接写作完成句子我主张我们每个人都应该尽最大努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。这样的话我们在有困难时就有人求助了。I argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.Then we can have someone to_turn_to_when_in_trouble.11get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过get across to sb. 为/被某人所理解get sth.across to sb. 向某人传达/讲解某事，使某事被某人所
47、理解get about/around/round 到处走动；(消息等)传开get alongget on 进展；相处；应付，过活get through 用完；耗尽；(设法)处理；通过(考试等)；拨通电话get away(from) 离开；脱身get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事a way to get my message across while using as few words as possible一种能言简意赅地表达自己意思的方法the message that we want to get across to the public我们想让公众理解的消息基础
48、练习单句语法填空Did your speech get across to the audience?After that，he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.Its high time that I got down to reflecting (reflect) on my mistakes.链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)After collecting the materials needed，we began to make the vid
49、eo.(高级表达)After collecting the materials needed，we got_down_to_making the video.12break down损坏，不能运转；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁；拆除；分解 break into 破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然开始(哭、唱等)break in 闯入；插话，打断break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发break up 结束；粉碎，破碎；解散the car break down车子出故障了 talks with business leaders break down
50、 与商界领导人的谈判破裂了 marriage break down 婚姻破裂了 break down in tears痛哭流涕break down her shyness克服她的害羞break down if you work too hard 如果你过分辛劳会把身体搞垮基础练习单句语法填空The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.I luckily managed to break away from my awful marriage.链接写作完成句子他们的车子在路上出故障了，所以他们不得不向警察寻求帮助。Their_car_bro
51、ke_down on the way so they had to turn to police for help.大家鼓励我破除旧形式和旧规则。I was encouraged to_break_away_from old forms and rules.13(教材P26)Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的东西太离奇而不可信。 句法句式本句中
52、使用了“too.to.”结构，表示“太以至于不能”。too.to.结构的用法总结：(1)too.to.太而不能(2)too.to.与not或never连用时，意为“无论也不过分，越越好”。cant be too.再也不过分(3)only/just/but too.to.非常去做(too前的only/just/but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气)。(4)too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy.to.句型表示肯定，作“过于、太会”解。(5)too.not to.表示肯定，含义是“非常必定能；太不会不”。金句推送If the popula
53、tion continues to increase，the earth will become too small a planet to support so many people.如果人口持续增长，地球将会变成一个太小而不能养活如此多的人的星球。基础练习单句语法填空He is too wise not_to_solve (solve) this problem.Its clear that the tree is not old enough to_stand (stand)the storm.链接写作一句多译汤姆太小了，不能去上学。因此，他妈妈在家照看他。Tom is too_you
54、ng_to go to school.Therefore，his mother takes care of him at home.(too.to)Tom is not_old_enough_to go to school.Therefore，his mother takes care of him at home.(not.enough to) Tom is so_young_that_he_cant go to school.Therefore，his mother takes care of him at home.(so.that)14(教材P28)The next to go was
55、 Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。 句法句式have difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth.“在方面有困难(或麻烦)；做有困难”。(1)表示此意思的其他用法有：(2)difficulty前可用some，any，no，little等词来修饰。金句推送 I have no difficulty with/(in) working out the problem.解决这个问题我没有困难。名师点津在考查句型“have difficulty (in)
56、doing sth.”时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语变为have doing形式。试比较：You cant imagine the difficulty he had passed the exam.()You cant imagine the difficulty he had passing the exam.()基础练习单句语法填空When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble thinking (think) of the right things to say.When we are in tro
57、uble，it is our friends that can get us out of trouble.链接写作完成句子史密斯听这个人的口音有些困难。Smith had_some_difficulty_in understanding the mans accent. 夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1He got well prepared for the job interview，for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.2The uncertainty created by this situation
58、must have caused you much confusion (confuse)3When I passed his house，I observed him playing (play) in his yard.4Sometimes，he was_limited (limit) to a cage underwater but that didnt bother him.5Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly (aimless) nor can we deny it completely.6What does Canad
59、a export?Large quantities of wheat are sent(send) abroad.7You cant imagine what difficulty we had walking (walk) home in the snowstorm.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1English differs from Chinese in this respect，so we must pay more attention to it.2The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the upcoming party.3
60、People took shelter from the shower in the department store.4Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.5Internet shopping will really take off when people make sure that it is safe.6Lucy spoke slowly，but she couldnt get her meaning across to the girl. 查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确
61、形式填空。1The data is limited(limit) in terms of both quality and quantity.2Its not easy work to_organize (organize) such a wellprepared exhibition.3Most people think being a television presenter(present) is exciting.4A good and enough sleep can help people recover from the_exhausting (exhaust) status.5
62、Ive always kept my private and professional (professor)life separate. 6The girl was the first_to_arrive (arrive)at the school this morning despite the heavy rain.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1The Olympics are like a huge stage where everyone makes every effort to achieve their dreams.2When the football fans saw Bec
63、kham，they got so excited that they cried out.3I must say I have a strong preference for classical architecture.4The police found a quantity of drugs at his home.5The man had committed murder, for which he was put into prison for 20 years.6The sailors finally reached_what is called the Middle East no
64、w. 强技提能语言应用.语法填空根据P22教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Adventure 2000 is an 1.organisation (organise) for adventures to the Himalayas.It can satisfy all the needs of hikers.All the guides，who are very experienced，learn about all the best places to camp.On a 2.hiking(hike) trip，their cooks can prepare
65、foods 3.tasting(taste) delicious and porters can carry luggage for hikers.Besides，at Adventure 2000，they can make 4.detailed(detail) arrangements for travel，5.including(include) flights，accommodation and so on.They also provide special offers 6.for those hikers who have different interests.For those
66、 who are interested in history，there is a trip to Western China.For hikers preferring 7.to_play (play) on the coast，they can provide relative service.Among the three classes，Class A is 8.the_most_difficult (difficult)If you want to join 9.in this adventure，you will pay 2,500，which includes all fligh
67、ts and accommodation.Keep in mind 10.that maximum group size is 15 people.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)我很想去澳大利亚，目的是经历一种与我们不同的文化，由于各种原因父母不愿让我出国旅行。I_am_anxious_to_go_to_Australia_in_order_to experience something that differs_from our culture.However，for_various_reasons my parents wouldnt like me to
68、 travel abroad.我设法让他们理解了我的想法，决定乘坐周日起飞的航班飞往澳大利亚。I managed to get_my_idea_across_to_them，succeeding in taking the plane which took_off on Sunday to Australia.在去悉尼的路上，我们的车坏了，更糟糕的是，汽油用完了。But on our way to Sydney，our car broke_down and worse still，it ran_out_of oil.幸好另一辆车很快出现了。那位好心的司机给我们提供了一些燃料并帮助我们让汽车运转
69、起来。Luckily，another car turned_up soon and the warmhearted driver offered_us_some_fuel and helped us get the car functioning.我们又出发了。Happily，we set_off again.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)用强调句型改写1中的句Luckily，another_car_turned_up_soon_and_it_was_the_warmhearted_driver _who_offered_us_some_fuel_and_helped
70、_us_get_the_car_functioning.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) I am anxious to go to Australia in order to experience something that differs from our culture.However, for various reasons my parents wouldnt like me to travel abroad.In the end，I managed to get my idea across to them，succeeding in taking the plane which took off on Sunday to Australia.But on our way to Sydney，our car broke down and worse still，it ran out of oil.Luckily，another car turned up soon and it was the warmhearted driver who offered us some fuel and helped us get the car functioning.Happily，we set off again.