1、U N I T 4Section BReading and Thinking英 语2021内 容 索 引课前篇 自主预习课堂篇 互动探究课前篇 自主预习.知识体系图解重点词汇写作词汇1.adj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近2.vi.应在(某处);适应3.vt.占领;征服;控制4.n.战役;搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗;奋斗5.vt.围绕;包围nearbybelongconquerbattlesurround阅读词汇6.kingdom n.7.chief adj.n.8.currency n.9.military adj.10.port n.11.puzzle n.vt.王国;领域 最重要的;最高级别
2、的(公司或机构的)首领;酋长 通货;货币军事的;军用的 港口(城市)谜;智力游戏 疑问;迷惑;使困惑 拓展词汇12.n.防御;保卫 defend v.防卫;保卫13.adj.法律的;合法的illegal adj.非法的;不合法的14.n.证据;证明evident adj.有证据的15.n.成就;成绩;达到achieve vt.达到,取得16.n.地方;地点;位置 locate v.位于17.adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的fascination n.有吸引力;迷人fascinate vt.吸引人defencelegalevidenceachievementlocationfascinating重点
3、短语1.把和连接或联结起来2.脱离;背叛;逃脱3.导致4.属于5.同(一样也);和;还6.留心;留意7.把看做8.被包围9.留下;留在后面10.追溯到join.to.break away fromresult inbelong toas well askeep ones eyes openrefer to asbe surrounded byleave behinddate back.释义匹配1.nearbyA.something important that you succeed in doing by your own efforts2.defenceB.a particular pla
4、ce,especially in relation to other areas,buildings,etc.3.evidenceC.the act of protecting something or someone from attack4.achievement D.facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true5.locationE.not far away答案 1.E2.C3.D4.A5.B.阅读导学根据P40P41课文内容,选择正确答案。1.How do many people feel when
5、they see the three names?A.Satisfied.B.Confused.C.Disappointed.D.Curious.答案 B 2.When was the name Great Britain given to the country?A.When Wales became part of England.B.When King James became the ruler of Scotland.C.When Scotland and Wales were united.D.When England and Wales were joined to Scotla
6、nd.答案 D 3.What resulted in the name“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”?A.That the Kingdom of Ireland was added to the country.B.That Northern Ireland broke away from the country.C.That Southern Ireland broke away from the country.D.That Scotland was separated from the country.
7、答案 C 4.Why does the English language have so many French words?A.Because of the influence of the Romans.B.Because of the influence of the Anglo-Saxons.C.Because of the influence of the Vikings.D.Because of the influence of the Normans.答案 D.篇章结构阅读P4041课文,厘清文章结构。namesbeingcurrencyfootballRomansvocabul
8、arycastlesenjoyable课堂篇 互动探究重点词汇1Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.(P40)稍微了解一下英国历史,就会帮助你解开这个谜题。puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.使你困惑的事实际上对很多中国父母来说也是个谜题。【词汇拓展】puzzle over/about 苦思冥想;绞尽脑汁be in a
9、puzzle(about)(对)不知如何是好puzzling adj.令人迷惑的puzzled adj.困惑的;感到迷惑的be/feel puzzled about 对迷惑不解Im in a puzzle as to what to do next.我不知道下一步该做什么。The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire.消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。To be honest,I sometimes feel puzzled about my future career.说实话,有时我对我以后的职业生涯感到困惑。过去分词形式的形容词,如
10、puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等,除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外,还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词,如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。【微写作】There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.小女孩的脸上有一种困惑的表情,因为一个令人困惑的问题使她困惑不解。【迁移应用】单句填空(1)The police are still puzzling how the accide
11、nt happened.(2)Where the missing plane has gone still remains puzzle to us.(3)When the little girl was asked such a(puzzle)question,she stood there with a surprised look on her face.(4)This morning,when I was walking on the street,I saw that two travellers were reading a map,looking(puzzle).about/ov
12、erapuzzlingpuzzled2Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.(P40)最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国,这形成了我们今天的全称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。break away from脱离;背叛;逃脱It was wrong of him to
13、 break away from all his good friends.他和他所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。What can we do to help them break away from the difficult position?我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢?The prisoner broke away from his guards.犯人挣脱了看守。【词汇拓展】break down(机器)出故障;(谈判等)失败break in插嘴;闯入break into闯入;突然起来break out(战争、火灾等)爆发break up拆散;驱散;使(关系等)破裂;解散;分手break
14、through 取得突破;克服Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breakinginto your house.仔细关好门窗,避免陌生人闯入你的家中。When the news came that the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定到军队中服役。fromdownupinto【迁移应用】用适当的介副词填空(1)The thief tried to break away the policeman,but he
15、failed.(2)Talks between them broke with no agreement reached.(3)In order to get some money,the man broke that old machine and sold some parts.(4)The hacker broke the banks computer system.3The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.(P40)同属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。bel
16、ong to属于,应在某处;适应Those books belong to the library but this is my own.那些书是图书馆的,但这本是我自己的。As is known to us,China is a country belonging to developing countries.众所周知,中国属于发展中国家。belong to中to为介词,后接名词或代词宾格。作后置定语时常用动词-ing形式。Anyone has no right to take the land belonging to the state as their own.任何人都没有权力占有属
17、于国家的土地。belong to 还可表示“是的财产;是的组成部分;是的成员(属于)”,不能用于进行时态和被动语态。belongings n.财产;所有物;相关事物【误】The computers inside the classroom are belonged to our school.【正】The computers inside the classroom belong to our school.教室里的电脑属于我们学校。tobelongingsbelonging【迁移应用】单句填空(1)The teacher keeps telling his students that the
18、 future belongs the well-educated.(2)Having sold most of his(belong),he almost had nothing left in the house.(3)The mountain village I visited last week is made up of 30 families(belong)to five nationalities.4They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and milit
19、ary defence.(P40)像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,称为米字旗。as well as同(一样也);和;还Science can be a force for evil as well as for good.科学可以促成好事,也可以导致坏事。She intends to fight to make it a womans as well as a mans world.她打算努力奋斗使它不但成为男人的世界,也成为女人的世界。当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。The teacher as well as his
20、classmates likes playing basketball.老师和学生们都喜欢打篮球。Marys parents as well as her sister are listening to a concert.玛丽的父母和她的妹妹在听音乐会。【词汇拓展1】as well 也(置于肯定句句末)may/might as well do sth最好做某事My little brother can speak English and French as well.我弟弟会说英语,也会说法语。Since you have started the job,you might as well
21、finish it.既然你开了头,索性把这项工作做完吧。aswas interviewedwere【迁移应用1】单句填空(1)Doing too much exercise earlier in the day should make you feel physicallywell as mentally tired.(2)The basketball coach,as well as his team,(interview)shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.(3)Many students as well as
22、 the teacher(be)present at the meeting yesterday.defence n.防御;保卫The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.城墙是为防御敌人袭击而修建的。Humour is a more effective defence than violence.幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。【词汇拓展2】in defence of=in ones defence 保卫;为辩护defend v.防守,辩护,防卫defend sb/sth from/against.保护某人/某物免遭
23、;保卫某人/某物抵御What points can be raised in defence of this argument?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢?They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attacks.他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境免受可能的攻击。【微写作】In time of war,lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being atta
24、cked.在战争时期,许多钱将花在国防上,并将采取许多措施来保卫一个国家免受攻击。defenceagainst/fromto defend【迁移应用2】单句填空(1)What was especially important for Tims successful(defend)in the football game?(2)Students should be trained to defend themselves some attacks.(3)He has hired a lawyer(defend)himself against his action.5Almost everywhe
25、re you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.(P40)英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家,无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。surround vt.围绕;包围A lake is an area of water surrounded by land.湖泊就是被一片陆地包围的水域。Make sure the people you s
26、urround yourself with are supportive.确保自己身边环绕的是乐观向上的人。【词汇拓展】surround.with.使包围be surrounded with/by被包围surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n.环境The teacher sat on the grass,surrounded with/by his students.那位老师坐在草地上,四周围着他的学生。Once upon a time,a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle s
27、urrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王,他对邻邦十分友好。【微写作】He walked in the surrounding villages and found the surroundings very comfortable to live in.他在周围的村庄里散步,发现周边环境非常宜居。surroundingSurroundedsurroundingssurrounded【迁移应用】用surround的适当形式填空(1)The area contai
28、ns plenty of native bushes and some famous walks.(2)by a group of young people,the old man felt happy.(3)They built themselves large villas(别墅)in the wooded of the town.(4)Looking around,I found myself by a group of children full of curiosity.重点句式1So what is the difference between them,if any?(P40)那
29、么,如果这些名称有区别的话,区别何在?【句式剖析】if any“如果有的话”,是省略形式,句子补全应为:if there is any difference between them。Please correct my mistakes,if any.如果有错误,请帮我改正。Problems,if any,should be solved without delay.有问题要及时解决。【句式拓展】The garbage is then taken away and,if possible,recycled.然后垃圾被带走,如果可能的话会进行回收利用。She seldom,if ever,goe
30、s to the opera.她很少去看歌剧。If notif everIf possibleIf so【迁移应用】选词填空(if ever/if possible/if not/if so)(1)Is everybody feeling cold?,let us open the windows.(2)The girl seldom,turned to her brother for protection.(3)Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes.,Im going to visit some old pe
31、oples homes in the city.(4)Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct?,how did human beings acquire this amazing skill?2Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidenceof four different groups of people who took over at different timesthroughout history.(P40)英国历史上有四个不
32、同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家,无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句,其中everywhere是连词,引导地点状语从句。Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.他们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切几乎都被毁了。I wanted to save up money and buy my own car,so I applied everywhere I could that summer.那年夏天,我想攒钱买属于自己的车,所以我四处求职。(1)everywhere还可用作副词,意为“到处”。I l
33、ooked for it everywhere,but didnt find it.我哪儿都找过了,但没有找到。注意:有时根据需要可与介词 from 连用。Congratulations poured in from everywhere.祝贺像潮水一样从四面八方涌来。(2)everywhere可用作表语,表示某种情况很普遍。Girls with long hair were everywhere in the 1960s.在20世纪60年代,女孩子留长发的现象相当普遍。(3)everywhere用作名词,在句中作主语。Everywhere seemed to be silent.万籁俱寂。【
34、迁移应用】完成句子(1)不管到哪里,我们周围都是空气。There is air around us.(2)不管我往哪里看,都是美丽的花朵。,there were beautiful flowers.everywhere we goEverywhere I looked随堂练习.单词拼写1.My friends all live(在附近),so I often get together with them.答案 nearby2.The body has natural(防御)mechanisms to protect it from disease.答案 defence3.Experts hav
35、e found a lot of(证据)that stress is partly responsible for disease.答案 evidence4.(围绕;包围)yourself with good people who love you and inspire you.答案 Surround5.Even a small success gives us a sense of(成就).答案 achievement.课文语篇填空When people hear the names the United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,England,they
36、 often are confused by what these different names mean and want to know 1.difference between them.2.(solve)this puzzle,you had better know a little bit about British history.theTo solveIn the 16th century,the country was called the Kingdom of England 3.the nearby country was joined to it.Two 4.(cent
37、ury)later,it changed to the Kingdom of Great Britain when Scotland was joined to it.In the 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland 5.(add)to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away 6.the UK,which resulted in the full name
38、 we have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.whencenturieswas addedfromThe four countries that belong to the United Kingdom have many things in common,7.they still have some differences,such as education systems,legal systems,and traditions as well as football teams for 8.
39、(compete)like the World Cup!The United Kingdom 9.(go)through hard times in its history as many foreign invaders came to the country.They all had great influence on the country.There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.10.(study)the history of the
40、country will make your visit much more enjoyable.butcompetitionswentStudying.概要写作选择适当的词语完成下面的课文概要be joined to,result in,work together,be influenced by,refer toMany people are confused by the different names 1.England and want to know their differences.(要点1)Wales,Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland 2
41、.the country at different times,3.different names.(要点2)While the four countries 4.in some areas,they also have some differences.(要点3)In its history,the United Kingdom 5.foreign invaders in many aspects,which makes the history and culture of the United Kingdom interesting to learn.(要点4)referring towere joined toresulting inwork togetherwas influenced by本课结束
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