1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 5The power of nature Learning about Language动词-ing形式作状语用所给动词的适当形式填写下面的句子并体会它们的共同特征。1. Having worked(work)hard all day, I went to bed early. 2. Having collected(collect)special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we we
2、nt any closer. 3. Looking (look)carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater. 4. Having studied (study) volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty. 一、动词-ing的基本形式分 类主动形式被动形式否定形式 一般式doingbeing donenot doingnot being done 完成式having donehaving been donenot having don
3、enot having been done 1. 动词-ing的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。*(2021全国甲卷)Weaving among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. 我在那些踩着滑板匆匆走过的孩子们中间穿行, 找到了通往横梁的路。*Hearing the news, they immediately set off in spite of the rain. 听到这个消息, 尽管下着雨, 他们还是立即出发了。2. 动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动
4、词所表示的动作之前。*Having cleaned the rooms, we began to weed the garden. 打扫完房间, 我们开始在花园里除草。3. 动词-ing的被动式表示该动作与句子主语之间是被动关系。*Having been held back by the traffic jam, she couldnt get there on time. 她被交通堵塞耽搁了, 无法准时到达那里。4. 动词-ing的否定式是在动词-ing的前边加not。*Not having received his reply, I telephoned him. 没有收到他的答复, 我给
5、他打了电话。动词-ing一般式的被动语态(being done)表示动作正在被进行, 在句中一般作定语或宾语补足语, 较少作状语。用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Not knowing(know) his address, I cant write to him. (2)Not having been repaired (repair) for a long time, the machine gave out a strange noise. (3) Having been bitten (bite)by a snake, she was frightened at it. 二、动词-ing作
6、状语的基本用法1. 表示时间。 动词-ing作时间状语, 其作用相当于when, while, after等引导的时间状语从句。*Hearing their teachers voice(= When they heard their teachers voice), the pupils stopped talking at once. 一听到老师的声音, 学生们立即停止了讲话。*Having finished his homework (=After he finished his homework), the boy was allowed to watch TV. 完成作业以后, 男孩
7、被允许看电视。2. 表示原因。 动词-ing作原因状语, 其作用相当于because, as, since等引导的原因状语从句。*Being ill (=Because he was ill), he didnt go to school yesterday. 因为生病, 所以他昨天没去上学。*Having lived in the city for many years(=Since I had lived in the city for many years), I knew it well. 因为在这个城市住了多年, 所以我对它很了解。3. 表示条件。 动词-ing作条件状语, 其作用相
8、当于if, unless, once等引导的条件状语从句。*Not making good use of the time(=If you dont make good use of the time), youll regret. 如果不好好利用时间, 你会后悔的。*Working hard(=If you work hard), you will pass the exam. 你如果努力学习, 就会通过考试。4. 表示让步。 动词-ing作让步状语, 其作用相当于although, though, no matter when/where/how/who等引导的让步状语从句。*Having
9、 been married for fifty years (=Though they have been married for fifty years), they still love each other passionately. 虽然他们结婚五十年了, 他们仍然深深地爱着对方。5. 表示伴随或方式。 动词-ing形式作伴随或方式状语, 说明动作发生的背景或情况。它表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生。作伴随或方式的动词-ing短语相当于and连接的并列成分。*(2020全国卷)Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intent
10、ion clear. 使用表情符号可以增加幽默和情感, 使意图表达明确。*They walked home, singing and dancing(=and they sang and danced). 他们唱着, 跳着走回了家。 *She came into the room, carrying a lot of books(= and she carried a lot of books). 她抱着许多书走进了房间。6. 表示结果。 动词-ing形式作结果状语, 表示一种自然的结果, 常常位于句末, 其作用相当于and连接的并列成分。*His father died three year
11、s ago, leaving him a great deal of money. 他的父亲三年前死了, 留给他许多钱。动词-ing形式作结果状语通常表示一种自然的结果, 即属于意料之中的事; 不定式作结果状语主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果, 即属于意料之外的事, 不定式一般与only, never等副词连用。*He hurried to the bus station, only to find that the bus had gone. 他匆忙地赶往车站, 结果发现车已经走了。(1)句型转换。Though I had made up my mind to study, I still w
12、anted to play. Having made up my mind to study, I still wanted to play. When I heard the result, I couldnt help jumping. Hearing the result, I couldnt help jumping. People from all over the world came to Qing Dao, which made it very crowded. People from all over the world came to Qing Dao, making it
13、 very crowded. (2)改错。Prepared the computer competition quite well, he won the first prize. (PreparedHaving prepared) Go straight down the street, you will find our school on the right. (GoGoing 或you 前加 and)The big fire lasted nearly a month, to leave nothing valuable. (to leaveleaving)(2019全国卷) All
14、the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. (saysaying)三、动词-ing作状语的注意点1. 动词-ing形式作状语时, 在其前可以加上when, while, until, once, though, although, unless, even if/even though等, 表示更加明确的含义。有时这类结构也可视作状语从句的省略。*Be careful when/while crossing the street. 过街道时要小心。*Al
15、though working hard, he failed again this time. 他虽然努力学习, 但这次又失败了。*If listening to English every day, youll learn it well step by step. 如果你每天听英语, 你会一步一步把它学好。2. 动词-ing形式作状语时, 其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致。*Hearing his fathers voice, the boy turned off the TV set at once. 听到他爸爸的声音, 男孩立即关了电视。(Hearing的逻辑主语是the boy)*H
16、aving driven all day, we were very tired. 开了一整天的车, 我们很累。(having driven的逻辑主语是we. )但是有时动词-ing前可有一个名词或代词表示它逻辑上的主语, 这种带逻辑主语的现在分词称为独立主格结构。它同动词-ing一样, 在句中作状语。*The meeting being over, we went to play football. 会议一结束, 我们就去踢足球了。*She being ill, her mother had to look after her at home. 她生病了, 她的妈妈不得不在家照顾她。3. 有
17、些动词-ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在, 其形式的选择不受上下文的影响, 表明说话者的态度、观点等, 被称为评论性状语。常见的这类独立成分有: generally speaking一般说来frankly speaking坦率地说judging from/by根据来判断considering. . . /taking. . . into consideration考虑到according to. . . 根据判断正误。(1)我看着晚报的时候, 一只狗开始叫起来。 a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. (
18、)b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking. ()(2)听到这个消息, 她的眼泪忍不住流下来。 a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. ()b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly. ()(3)(2020全国卷)According to the research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step
19、. 根据研究, 跑步者每跑一步着地的重量是自己体重的四倍。(4)While/When preparing for the English speech contest, I found it challenging to collect information. 为英语演讲比赛做准备时, 我发现收集信息具有挑战性。. 句型转换1. When you are walking the dog, you can not be too careful. Walking the dog, you can not be too careful. 2. Follow my advice, and you w
20、ill be benefited from it. Following my advice, you will be benefited from it. 3. Because he has suffered from heart trouble for years, he has to take medicine all the time. Having suffered from heart trouble for years, he has to take medicine all the time. 4. Although I have failed many times, I am
21、still full of confidence. Having failed many times, I am still full of confidence. 5. He overslept yesterday, which resulted in his being late for work. He overslept yesterday, resulting in his being late for work. . 单句改错1. Not knowing what to do, so I asked my teacher for advice. (去掉so)2. General s
22、peaking, women live longer than men. (GeneralGenerally)3. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. (havehaving)4. Appointing as the headmaster, he felt very happy. (AppointingAppointed)5. When heard the funny joke, we burst out laughing. (heardhearing)6. Weather permits, we can
23、have a picnic in the open air. (permitspermitting)7. Work hard, you will be promoted quickly. (WorkWorking或 you前加and)8. Living abroad for many years, he has adapted to the life there. (LivingHaving lived)9. He has a number of interests, ranged from playing chess to swimming. (rangedranging)10. Havin
24、g accustomed to the climate here, my leg is much more comfortable now. (Having accustomed Having been accustomed)根据提示, 综合运用本课时语法知识完成下列语段翻译。1. 大学毕业后, 我决定去北京旅行。(动词-ing作时间状语)2. 坦率地说, 这是一个拓展视野的好机会。(动词-ing作独立成分)3. 然而, 这是我的第一次独自旅行, 我有点不安。(独立主格结构)4. 尽管感到很担心, 我最后还是出发了。(状语从句的省略)5. 旅程第一天, 大雨滂沱, 结果我只能一整天待在旅店里。
25、(动词-ing作结果状语)6. 不管怎样, 回顾这次旅程, 我感到很骄傲。(动词-ing作时间状语) Having graduated from university, I made up my mind to travel to Beijing. Frankly speaking, this is a good opportunity to broaden my horizons. However, this being my first trip by myself, I felt a bit anxious. Although feeling very worried, I set off at last. On the first day of the trip, it rained heavily, making me stay at the hotel all day. Anyway, looking back on this trip, I felt very proud. 关闭Word文档返回原板块10
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