1、earthquake n. smelly adj.canal n.track n.miner n. bar n. cyclist nquake n.pipe n.steam n.useless adj.shelter n.judge n&vt.well n.million n.brick n.electricity n.title n.outline n.crack n&vt.&vi. event n. dam n.mine n. reporter n. headline n.1a(2020新高考全国卷)The solution, of course, was to plant trees s
2、o the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.保护；庇护b(重庆卷)He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs.使免于；庇护2(2019北京卷)It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. 棒，条状物3(2017全国卷)We were respectful of craft
3、(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.刻苦钻研；研究单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1burst vi.爆裂； 爆发n突然破裂； 爆发2disaster n灾难； 灾祸3rescue n&vt.援救； 营救4bury vt.埋葬； 掩埋； 隐藏5destroy vt.破坏； 毁坏； 消灭6damage n&vt.损失； 损害7ruin n废墟； 毁灭vt.毁灭； 使破产8trap vt.使陷入困境n陷阱； 困境9sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地10express vt. 表示；表达 n.
4、 快车；速递用所给词的适当形式填空。1The earthquake was so strong that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)2Right after he was rescued(rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins，he saluted and smiled at them.3With so many miners buried (bury) under the mine, none of the rescue worke
5、rs would stop to have a rest.4(2018北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped (trap) in the mountains for two days.5 Disasters(disaster) such as earthquakes and floods are not caused by human beings.6Shy teenagers often have difficulty expressing (express)themselves
6、 in their daily life.派生单词语境运用1extreme adj.极度的 extremely adv.极度地2judge n裁判员； 法官 vt.断定； 判断； 判决 judg(e)ment n意见； 判断力； 审判3injure vt.损害； 伤害 injury n伤害； 损害injured adj.受伤的4nation n民族； 国家； 国民 national adj.国家的； 民族的5frighten vt.使惊吓； 吓唬 frightened adj.受惊的； 受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的6congratulate vt.祝贺 congratul
7、ation n祝贺； (复数) 贺词 7dirt n污垢； 泥土dirty adj.脏的； 肮脏的8suffer vt.&vi.遭受； 忍受 suffering n苦难； 痛苦 sufferer n患者； 受害者9shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊； 震动 n休克； 打击； 震惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.震惊的10survive vt.&vi.幸存； 幸免于 survivor n幸存者； 生还者； 残存物 用所给词的适当形式填空。1The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frigh
8、tening scene.(frighten)2The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and his congratulations encouraged the girl greatly.(congratulate)3Judging from his looks，he seems to be an honest man, but on the contrary，he is a thief，so the judge points out that a man should not be
9、 judged by his appearance.(judge)4We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock)5In the terrible crash of the school bus，many children were injured，and even some suffered severe injuries to their heads and arms.The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure) 短语
10、理解运用高频短语语境运用1right away立刻；马上2in ruins严重受损；破败不堪3a (great) number of 许多；大量的4judging from从判断5be trapped in陷入填入一个适当的词。A great number of firefighters were sent to the scene right away when the fire broke out last night.The fire spread so quickly that the building lay in ruins in no time.Judging from the
11、situation，many people were trapped in the fire.The firefighters did all they could to put out the fire and tried to save the trapped people from the ruins.6think little/nothing of认为没什么了不起7at an end结束；终结8dig out掘出；发现9be proud of以而自豪10be buried in埋头于填入一个适当的词。I paid a visit to my cousin before my holid
12、ay was nearly at an end.When I came in，he was buried in reviewing his lessons in his study to prepare for the final exam.He got good grades in all exams and his parents were proud of him.However，he thought nothing of what he had achieved.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1too.to.意为“太而不能”，表示否定意义In the farmyards，the
13、chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(2018北京卷)正如谚语所说，活到老学到老。As the saying goes, “One is never too old to learn”.2It seems/seemed as if.看起来好像It seemed as if the world was at an end！我依然记得第一次去泰山旅游的事情，就像是在昨天一样。I still remember my first trip to Mount Tai as if it were yesterday.3部分否定：all.no
14、t.并非所有的都All hope was not lost.最近的一项调查表明，在我们学校并非所有的学生都在课余时间进行体育锻炼。A recent survey shows that all the students in our school dont take physical exercise in their spare time.1burst vt.&vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发高考原句2020浙江卷By 9：33 am., a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 second
15、s.(1)burst outdoingburst inton.突然起来burst into 闯入burst in 闯进来；插话(2)burst with pride/anger充满自豪/勃然大怒burst into cheers爆发出欢呼声a burst of laughter 一阵大笑a burst of speed 突然加速基础练习单句语法填空a.He burst in without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.bHe burst into the room without knocking at the door，whi
16、ch made me very angry.Hearing that my dad would be back from London this week, I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.链接写作完成句子/句式升级听到儿子在地震中不幸丧生的消息， 这对夫妇突然哭起来。(普通表达)When they heard the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying. (高级表达)Hearing the
17、bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears/burst out crying.(现在分词短语作状语)2ruin nU毁坏；毁灭；崩溃 C(pl.) 废墟；遗迹 v(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭高考原句2020全国卷Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?(1)in ruins成为废墟(2)ruin oneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
18、ruin our friendship破坏了我们的友谊the ruin of civilization文明的毁灭the ruins of Rome古罗马遗迹基础练习单句语法填空I am most worried about ruining(ruin) my notebook if I fall in the river.It rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining(ruin) our holiday.The city suffered a strong earthquake and was almost reduced to ruins(r
19、uin)链接写作完成句子/句式升级地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。(普通表达)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake and it made us awake all night.(高级表达)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night3bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心高考原句2019北京卷When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the de
20、ep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.be buried inbury oneself in埋头于；专心于be buried in thought沉思bury his face in his hands双手掩面buried treasure埋藏的财宝bury ones feelings 掩饰感情be buried alive 被活埋基础练习单句语法填空He held her mother closely, burying(bury) his head against her should
21、er.He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.When I entered the room, I found him burying (bury) his face in his hands.链接写作完成句子/句式升级由于他埋头于书本，他没注意到其他人已经离开了。(普通表达)Because he buried himself in/was buried in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had
22、left.(高级表达)Burying himself in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had left.(现在分词作状语)(高级表达)Buried in his book，he didnt notice that all the others had left.(过去分词作状语)名师点津表示“埋头于；致力于”的短语还有：be devoted todevote oneself to专心于；致力于be absorbed in全神贯注于；专心于concentrate on集中精力于；专心于focus on集中精力于；专心于fix one
23、s attention on全神贯注于；专心于occupy oneself/withbe occupied with 专心于；忙于4judge vt.断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官高考原句2020新高考全国卷 Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a Tshirt in memory of Earharts final flight.(1)judge.from/by.从来判断judging by/from从上看；根据判断(2)as far as I can judge据我判断，
24、我认为(3)judg(e)ment n裁决；评价in ones judgement 在某人看来judge a case判案judge sb. guilty判某人有罪基础练习单句语法填空(2018江苏卷)The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged (judge)Judging (judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we shouldnt judge a book by/from its cover.She showed
25、 a lack of judgement(judge) when she gave Mark the important job.链接写作完成句子依我看，他的所作所为竟不受惩罚，这是不对的。In my judgement/As far as I can judge, its wrong that he should not have been punished for what he did.(judge/judgement)名师点津judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。5at an end结束；终结(1)a
26、t the end of在尽头；在末端by the end of到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end最后；终于(2)come to an end结束put/bring sth.to an end 结束put an end to sth.结束；终结(3)end up结果为；最终为基础练习单句语法填空The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.They didnt know how to put an end to the heated quarrel.His newly written n
27、ovel had been translated(translate) into English by the end of last month.At first he refused to take the responsibility but he ended up apologizing(apologize)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达) The speech contest finished. Thankfully, I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off finally.(高级表达) The speec
28、h contest was at an end. Thankfully, I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off in the end(end)6a (great) number of许多；大量的(1)可数名词复数(2)不可数名词(3)可数名词复数或不可数名词基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2020天津卷)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained(remain) around that level ev
29、er since. A number of high buildings have arisen(arise) where there was nothing but ruins a year ago.Large quantities of water has been piped to the dry area since last year.hashaveLarge amounts of money is spent on advertisements every year.isare链接写作完成句子由于人类破坏性的影响，这种珍稀物种的数量已经下降到不足100头。Because of th
30、e human beings destructive influence, the number of this rare species has dropped to less than 100一位普通的工人向这所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注。An ordinary worker donated a great deal/amount of money to the university, which aroused public attention.名师点津a number of意为“若干；许多”；后接名词复数。用作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式；the number of意为
31、“的数量”，其后接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用作主语时，谓语一般要用单数形式。7教材佳句P26It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！句法句式句中as if as though意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。(2)如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下：as if 金句推送The woman loves the child
32、ren deeply as if she were their mother.这个妇女深爱这些孩子，就好像她是他们的妈妈一样。基础练习单句语法填空Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going(go) to move in two minutes.Though the villager was poor, he offered me clothes and food as if I were(be) part of his family.It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me
33、as if I had done(do) it?The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if to see(see) whether he was going in the right direction.The old man paused as if expecting(expect) me to speak.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)She walked here and there on the playground as if she was looking for something.(高级表达)She walked
34、here and there on the playground as if looking for something(省略句)名师点津如果as if引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中用be的某种形式，则省略“从句主语be”，从句就变成了“as if/as thoughadj./adv./介词短语/to do/doing/done”。8教材佳句P26All hope was not lost.并非所有的希望都破灭了。句法句式句中all .not为部分否定，意为“并非都”，有时也可用“Not all .”表示。(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，
35、everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。金句推送Its impossible for all job seekers to get a job because all of them are not competent.所有求职者都得到工作是不可能的，因为并非所有人都能胜任。基础练习单句语法填
36、空/单句改错I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with everythingThe meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.Larry asks Bill and Peter to go for a picnic with him, but neither of them wants to, because they have work to do.Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a
37、new car this year or we can go on holiday, but we cant do all.allboth链接写作一句多译事实是并非每个人都认为合理安排时间很重要。The truth is that not everyone attaches great importance to time management.The truth is that everyone doesnt attach great importance to time management.夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1Now a great many college gr
38、aduates are (be) seeking for highpaid jobs.But a large number of them are (be) often not able to find a suitable post.2By the time the soldiers arrived, they had been buried (bury) in the ruins for nearly a week. 3School started, but with time going by I felt as if I were (be) in a foreign country.4
39、When she heard the news that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying (cry)5After very careful consideration, I decided to take a risk based on my own judgment(judge).在空白处填入一个适当的词。1It had gotten very cold, and I guessed the good weather was at an end.2Judging from/by his reaction, h
40、e will not change his mind.3The earthquake did damage to many houses and lots of people were trapped in ruins.4He was often found buried in his work whenever I came here.5After all，food is essential for survival but not everyone is as lucky as we are when it comes to dinner time.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。1We
41、were chatting merrily in the room when a stranger burst into. intoin2The houses across the street are now in ruin, but they were in good condition a few years ago. ruinruins3She began to sob again, buried her face in the pillow. buriedburying4I speak English fluently as if I am a native speaker. amw
42、ere5The whole city was completely destroyed, leaving everything to the native people.everythingnothing查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were too busy to afford (afford) it.2Upon arrival, we expressed our congratulations (congratulation) to him on his great success.3
43、The temple completely destroyed (destroy) by the fire last night was built a long time ago.4A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.5Although it was an extremely (extreme) difficult and dangerous task, he was determined to finish it.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1G
44、eorge is organized, easygoing, and intelligent. I cant think too highly of him.2The house is surrounded with many big trees which shelter the house from the wind.3You have rescued the boy from the fire, of which we are all proud.4Although we hadnt seen each other for twenty years, I recognized him r
45、ight away5Because of the greenhouse effect, the earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.强技提能语言应用.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。An earthquake struck this district last week，1shocking (shock) the world. It caused extreme damage 2to river dams, coal mines and railway t
46、racks. Numerous houses 3were destroyed (destroy), many streets became cracked 4and a few gas pipes burst. The local government responded 5quickly (quick) to this disaster. People 6trapped (trap) under the 7ruins (ruin) were rescued and the injured 8were (be) sincerely cared for. The 9survivors (surv
47、ivor) were supplied with shelter, food and fresh water. This event attracted worldwide attention, thus reducing the loss to 10a minimum.书面表达Step 1要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。水管爆裂，电力中断。(独立主格)One night, everything began to shake, with water pipes burst and electricity cut off无论走到哪里，我们都能看见一切都已经
48、变成了废墟。Wherever we went, we found everything lying in ruins仿佛到了世界末日！It seemed as if the world was at an end!有些人受伤，有些人被埋在废墟下。Some people were injured; some were buried under the ruins.士兵们立刻前来救援。他们救出了被困在废墟中的人，并将死者掩埋。The soldiers came to the rescue right awayThey saved those trapped in the ruins, and bu
49、ried the dead.在灾难面前，他们有勇气帮助那些有困难的人。In the face of disasters，they had courage to offer help to whoever was in trouble.我们再怎么赞扬他们也不为过。We cant think too highly of them.Step 2表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)把句升级为定语从句The soldiers came to the rescue right awayThey saved those who were trapped in the ruins, and buried
50、 the dead.Step 3衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. Wherever we went, we found everything lying in ruins. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Some people were injured；some were buried under the ruins. The soldiers came to the rescue right away.They saved those who were trapped in the ruins, and buried the dead. In the face of disasters, they had courage to offer help to whoever was in trouble.So we cant think too highly of them.