1、定远县育才学校2021届新高三英语暑假特训卷02 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B,C或D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A A few years ago, Adina Lichtman was handing out sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness. One man, grateful for the sandwich, approached her
2、and offered a surprising idea.“Its great that youre giving out sandwiches,” he said, “but one thing we really need is socks, especially as winter approaches.”“Here I was, sandwiches in hand, thinking I knew the best way to help people,” Lichtman said. “It was a powerful lesson, and I wanted to put i
3、t into action.”She began that night, with a simple step: going door-to-door on the floor of her dormitory at New York University, asking her classmates if they could each just donate (捐赠) just one pair of their own socks to someone experiencing homelessness. She got 40 pairs of socks in a single nig
4、ht, from a single floor. The next morning she opened her door to find a lot of socks that other people had donated.That morning officially kicked off Knock Knock, Give a Sock (KKGS), a new nonprofit (非营利的) organization that has now provided over 350,000 pairs of socks to the homeless across America.
5、 To date, over 50 colleges and high schools across the US have joined KKGS over the years.“While many people donate clothing, 9 out of every 10 clothing donors have never donated socks. On top of that, people who are trying to donate socks often find it difficult to donate used socks,” she says. “KK
6、GS is one of the only organizations that collects used socks. We have volunteers knocking on doors of their classmates in school, of their workmates at work, and even of their neighbors.”But, whether youre 26 or 62, you dont need to wait to organize your own sock drive, collect socks, or even wash a
7、nd clean some of your own to donate to your local shelter, or someone in need who you meet on the street.1.How did the homeless mans words affect Lichtman?A.They caused her to start KKGS.B.They pushed her to go to college.C.They encouraged her to house the homeless.D.They made her continue to give o
8、ut sandwiches.2.How did Lichtmans classmates react to her request for donation?A.Some refused it politely.B.They strongly supported it.C.Some felt quite surprised by it.D.They considered it unreasonable.3.What advice does the author offer to people?A.Take action in small ways.B.Start your own organi
9、zation.C.Make donations from an early age.D.Find creative ways to help people.B For most of us, there is no debate bananas are yellow. Color isnt as objective as you might think though. Our brain decides what color we are looking at based on the light that comes into our eyes, and how we see colors
10、actually varies a lot.There are many ways color can confuse our brains. Positioning and shading can change what we think we are looking at. Two people can see the same thing very differently because of how our brains deal with light.How we see color, however, is governed by much more than just our b
11、odies. Our emotions or even the time of year, can change how our eyes and brains react to what we see. Yellow looks different to us depending on the season, according to scientists at the University of York. In the summer yellow appears more “greenish” whereas in the winter yellow appears more “redd
12、ish”. This is the result of living in an environment where the level of green light increases in the summer. When the trees are full of leaves, our eyes need to adapt. With extra green all around us, our brain has to recheck its understanding of yellow.Researchers in Rochester, New York have found t
13、hat feeling sad can impact on your ability to identify (辨别) colors. Participants were shown some small pieces of cloth which had most, but not all, of the colors removed from them. Later, they were asked to identify what color they were looking at. A group who had watched the death of Mufasa in The
14、Lion King found it harder to pick out blue and yellow than others who had not seen the film. Psychologists believe that dopamine which controls our brains reward and pleasure centers has an impact on how we identify these colors. So while color might seem to be one of the simplest things in our worl
15、d, it is actually a mystery scientists are only just beginning to solve.4.What does the passage mainly focus on?A.Why we see colors differently.B.How our brains receive colors.C.Why colors affect our emotions.D.How people can identify colors.5.Which of the following is unable to affect peoples abili
16、ty to identify colors?A.Position.B.Intelligence.C.Environment.D.Feeling.6.Yellow looks different in summer and winter because of _.A.peoples different sightB.the different temperaturesC.the different levels of green lightD.peoples different body conditions7.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
17、A.The sad feeling weakens peoples ability to identify colors.B.We can find out the secret of dopamine in some movies.C.Scientists have found the answer to the color mystery.D.There are many ways that color can entertain our brains.C Nurses play a vital role on the front lines of the novel coronaviru
18、s(冠状病毒）pandemic. But a shortage of these essential health care workers could pose challenges in countries dealing with a growing number of COVID-19 cases.One of the lessons I hope the world learns from COVID-19 is that we must invest in nurses , said World Health Organization Director-General Tedros
19、 Adhanom Ghebreyesus during a speech Tuesday in celebration of World Health Day.WHOs new State of the Worlds Nursing 2020 report has identified a global shortage of 5.9 million nurses. Many of those gaps are found in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean, and parts of Latin America.Among
20、 regions of the world, the Americas have the highest density of nurses at 83.4 per 10,000 people, followed by Europe with 79.3 nurses per 10,000 people. In contrast, there are 8.7 nurses per 10,000 people in Africa, 15.6 nurses per 10,000 people in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 16.5 nurses per 1
21、0,000 people in Southeast Asia, and 36 nurses per 10,000 people in the Western Pacific.But there are also differences within regions. In the Americas, for example, countries such as Brazil, Canada, Chile, and the US have a higher density of nurses at close to or over 100 per 10,000 people, distortin
22、g the regional average. Many of the neighboring countries in the region have less than 50 nurses per 10,000 people. In Haiti, there are only 3.8 nurses per 10,000 people.When based on country income, data in the report shows an unsurprising trend: The higher the income, the higher the nursing densit
23、y. In low-income countries, the average density of nurses is 9.1 per 10,000 people, while the figure for high-income countries is 107.7 per 10,000 people.But training more nurses wont solve the problem, said Dr. Giorgio Cometto, WHO coordinator on human resources for health policies and standards.If
24、 the country lacks the economic capacity to employ them or to create economic opportunities for them to work as nurses . training more nurses can just go into the direction of making labor market imbalances, resulting in unemployment among nurses. And thats a huge wastage of human capital as well as
25、 financial resources, Cometto said.The key is balancing training with the creation of employment opportunities in rural areas where there are known health worker shortages.That may be easier said than done, especially among countries that are suffering from chronic or complex emergencies, in active
26、conflict, or struggling in the wake of conflict. But in these settings, the international aid community can arrange its assistance with national priorities and covering recurrent costs, such as salaries, within a specified period of time, Cometto said.8.How many nurses are needed according to WHOs n
27、ew State of the World s Nursing 2020 report?A.6 million.B.8.7Million.C.3.8 Million.D.5.9Million.9.From the figures in the passage , where are nurses most needed?A.Africa.B.Haiti.C.Eastern Mediterranean region.D.Southeast Asia.10.Based on the country income what does the data in the report show?A.The
28、 higher the income ,the more nurses are.B.The higher the income,the more doctors are.C.The lower the income ,the more doctors are.D.The lower the income, the more nurses are.11.From what Cometto said, we know that_.A.It is easy to solve the problem of shortage of nurses.B.It is not easy to solve the
29、 problem of shortage of nurses.C.Training more nurses is a way to solve the problem.D.The international aid community can arrange its assistance all the time.D If youve ever been on a fishing boat, youve probably seen crowds of birds following it, hoping to catch a snack. Now scientists use those bi
30、rds behavior to track illegal fishing boats.Researchers attached data loggers to the backs of 169 albatrosses (信天翁) in Indian oceans. Weighing only 42 grams, the devices included a GPS, which enabled them to detect the presence and intensity of radar signals emitting from boats. That information was
31、 then sent by satellite, so the researchers could track the location of the birdsand thus the radar-emitting boatsin real time.The scientists then cross-checked that data against the known locations of boats, collected from a system boats use to declare themselves, called the Automatic Identificatio
32、n System (AIS). And noticeable differences appeared frequently.More than a third of the times the birds “loggers” detected radar signals, and therefore a boat, but no such boat appeared in the official logmeaning that the vehicles had likely switched off their AISsomething that probably happens in i
33、llegal fishing operations.The work suggests birds could be an effective boat-monitoring tool as long as illegal fishing operations dont target the birds.Fortunately, such a task would be difficult. Around fishing boats, you can find hundreds of birds at any one time that are flying around. And the b
34、irds with loggers are not marked in any way. So its not really possible for fishermen to pick out a specific bird.But what concerns researchers is that albatrosses often get caught by some fishing boats. Though regulations have been established to protect against that happeningwith successillegal bo
35、ats dont necessarily obey. So scientists might be underestimating the risk posed to albatross populations.12.What characteristic of albatrosses do scientists take advantage of in their research?A.Their feeding patterns.B.Their sense of direction.C.Their greedy behaviors.D.Their habit of following fi
36、shing boats.13.For what purpose does a boat shut off its AIS?A.To seek more fishes.B.To have it mistaken for another.C.To avoid being detected.D.To save the trouble of declaring itself.14.What does “such a task” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A.Identifying birds with loggers.B.Monitoring illegal boats.C.Tr
37、acking radar signals automatically.D.Fishing illegally.15.What could be the best title for the text?A.AIS: an Effective System to Locate BoatsB.Humans Are Good at Discovering Birds NatureC.Data Loggers Help Fishermen Get a Good HarvestD.Scientists Use Birds to Track Illegal Fishing Operations第二节.七选五
38、 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项You cannot choose your childs friends for him, but you can help him learn to choose friends wisely. 16. Here are a few ways to help your child make friends. Build your childs selfconfidence.When he succeeds or has made a great choice, tell h
39、im youre proud of him. 17. Your middle school student is going through many changes and may feel like he isnt “good enough”. Building his selfconfidence will help him feel more confident and will make it easier for him to form healthy friendships. 18.Give him your full attention when he talks, and r
40、eally listen to what he has to say. Discuss the qualities in a friend with your child.Discuss with your child the qualities that matter most, such as being reliable and kind, and making good choices when it comes to avoiding alcohol and tobacco. Get to know your childs friends.19. Its more important
41、 to talk with them and find out what they like to do. Allow your child to invite his friends over and get to know them better. 20.Afterschool clubs and sports programs are good places for meeting new people. Be open to exploring different activities with your child to find something that he enjoys.A
42、. Friends are very important for us.B. Introduce your child to new groups of people.C. Talk with your child every day and listen to his concerns.D. Try not to judge your childs friends based on how they dress.E. When he does not succeed, help him feel better and keep trying.F. You can teach him ways
43、 to find friends who will have a positive influence on him.G. There are many types of friends and we should be careful when making our choices.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Where do you go when you want to learn some
44、thing？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all _21_ places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want _22_ somewhere else instead.I had the _23_ of seeing this first hand on a _24_My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so _25_ a tourname
45、nt，which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some _26_ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams _27_ trained.Through the first two games，her _28_ did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent，I _29_ seeing my daughter playing her best，_30_ still defeated.It seeme
46、d that something clicked with the _31_ between Saturday and Sunday.When they _32_ for their Sunday game，they were _33_ different.They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had _34_ the day before into their _35_They played aggressively and _36_ scored a goal.It _37_ me that
47、 playing against the other team was a great _38_ moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle._39_ is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be _40_ what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them
48、 out on their own.21.A. public B. traditional C. official D. special22.A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends23.A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance24.A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square25.A. won B. entered C. organized D. watched26.A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical27.A. less B. poorly C.
49、newly D. better28.A. fans B. tutors C. class D. team29.A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed30.A. if B. or C. but D. as31.A. girls B. parents C. coaches D. viewers32.A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned33.A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. completely34.A. seen B. known C. heard D. re
50、ad35.A. styles B. training C. game D. rules36.A. even B. still C. seldom D. again37.A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned38.A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning39.A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest40.A. harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to第
51、二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Experts say there are several ways to deal with stress. They include deep breathing and a method of guided thought called meditation. They also include exercise，eating healthy foods，getting enough rest and balancing the time 41.（spend）w
52、orking and playing. Exercise is one of 42. most effective stressreduction measures. Running, walking or playing sports causes physical changes 43. make you feel better. Exercise also improves the bodys defense system 44. disease. And studies have found that 45. helps protect against a decrease in me
53、ntal ability.Doctors say deep，slow breathing is also helpful. Many 46.（medicine）studies have shown that clearing the mind through quiet meditation 47.（help）you become calm. This causes lower blood pressure，reduces muscle tension 48. decreases heart rate.Experts also say keeping stress to yourself ca
54、n make problems 49.（bad）. Researchers have linked the 50. (fail) to identify and express emotions to many health conditions. These include eating disorders，fear disorders and high blood pressure.第四部分 写作（共两节 满分35分）第一节 短文改错 （共10小题；每题1分，共10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅
55、涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Nowadays, have sports is becoming more and more popular. As we know, a person who keeps on taking exercise regular will keep fit and live happy life.My favourite spor
56、t is playing basketball. After school I usually spent half an hour on it, that not only builds up my body but also makes me refreshed. Playing basketball help me relax after a period of tired study and improves my study efficiency. Because playing basketball needs cooperation, so I have learned the
57、spirit of teamwork. It is also a good way for me to make new friend. In a word, playing basketball enriches my life and makes me more confidence.Come on! Lets do sports together and enjoy a healthy life.第二节 书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：（1）到达时间；（2）合适的礼物；（3）餐桌礼仪。注意：1
58、. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.F 17.E 18.C 19.D 20.B 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.A 27.D 28.D 29.B 30.C 31.A 32.B 33.D 34.A 35.C 36.A 37.B 38.D 39.A 40.C41.spent 42.the 43.that/which 44.against 45.it 46.medical 47.helps 48.and 49.
59、worse 50.failure51.52.Dear Terry,How are you doing? Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.Firstly, I would like to suggest that you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier, which is common in
60、Chinese traditional culture. Secondly, if I were you, I would bring some gifts with me, such as souvenirs from my own country. Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to. For example, you are not supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. Instead, laying them on your dish is a smart choice.Hopefully, these suggestions will be helpful for you.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua
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