1、考点05 连词一、教材重点回顾：连词是一种在句子与句子之间，短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词，它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词连接的双方是对等的。常有的并列连词有and, bothand, eitheror, neithernor， not onlybut also, as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致，意义有转折的并列连词有：but, however, while (而)，only (只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词，如：or, or else, otherwise 再有的是连接双方，互为因果，或表示前因后果的连
2、词有：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句，如：that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句，常用的连接词有：when , while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till。连接条件状语的连词有：if, unless, as long as 等，而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有：so that, sothat, suc
3、hthat, asas, than, where 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。并列连词用法例句and表并列或顺承关系He came into the classroom and put his schoolbag on the desk.用于“祈使句，and +陈述句”结构Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes.or意为“或者”，表示任选其一Do you want to go the zoo or the museum?意为“否则”，用于“祈使句，or +陈述句”结构Please be quick, or we will miss the
4、last bus.so表示因果关系Its raining heavily now, so we have to put off the P.E class.for表示原因，及附带理由I must be off now, for it is getting late.并列连词短语连词短语意义用法例句neither-nor-既不-也不,谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”Neither he nor his children like fish.either-or-或者-或者-，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”Either you or he is wrong.both-and-两者都，谓语动词用复数形式Bo
5、th she and I are good at English.not only- but also不但-而且-，谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”Not only you but also he wants to buy the book.1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词从属连词用法例句when当-时候引导的从句中，谓语动词可以是短暂性动词也可以是延续性动词It was raining when he came out of the office.while当-时候引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时Dont make any noise while others are rea
6、ding in the library.before在-之前“在之前”，从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之后She reached the train station before he called her yesterday.after在-之后“在之后”，从句的动作通常发生在主句动作之前He turned off the light and went to bed after he cleaned the room.until常用在“not.until.”结构中，表示“直到才”Nancy didnt appear until it was ten oclock last night.as一边-
7、一边表示一件事情在发生，另一件事情也在同时发生The students took notes as they listened to the radio in English class.as soon as一 -就-表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作就随之发生 Ill write a letter to you as soon as I get to America.since自从从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时The girl who can speak English smoothly has lived in London since she was five years old.o
8、nce一旦表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作就随之发生Once they find people in trouble, they are eager to help them without payment.2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词连词用法例句if如果主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现，但有时用主情从现或主祈从现。1.If he has time tomorrow, he will come to the meeting.2.None can succeed if he doesnt work hard.unless除非，如果不主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将
9、从现，但有时用主情从现或主祈从现。unless可转化成if-not 结构。1. He wont finish the work unless he works hard.2. If it doesnt rain, go for a picnic.as long as只要主句用一般现在时，主句通常用一般将来时，即主将从现。You can take any book as long as you like.3.引导让步状语从句的从属连词连词意义及用法例句though虽然，尽管引导让步状语从句时，不能与but同时使用。Although it was raining hard, he still we
10、nt out.althougheven/ though if即使whatever无论什么等于no matter whatWhatever you may say, I will not change my mind.whenever无论什么时候等于no matter whenWhenever you come to my home, I will treat you well.4.引导原因状语从句的从属连词because, since, as连词意义例句because表示造成某种情况的直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why引导的问句，其从句的位置通常在主句的后面。He has to leave
11、 because it is too late.因为太晚了，他不得不走。sincesince语气比as稍强，不表示直接的或根本的原因，而是一种已知的或非常显然的理由，since引导的从句通常位于主句之前。Since everyone is here, lets start.既然大家到齐了，我们就出发吧！asas是从属连词，表示原因时，语气最弱，所说的原因比较明显或是已知的事实，它引导的从句一般位于主句之前。We all like her as she is kind.我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。5.引导方式状语从句的从属连词连词意义例句as按照-方式She always does as her
12、father tells her.as if似乎，好像He walked around as if he was looking for something.6.引导结果状语从句的从属连词连词意义用法及例句so -that如此-以至于so 后跟形容词副词原形。(so-that-结构常与too-to 结构转化）。She was so tired that she couldnt go any farthersuch -thatsuch后跟名词或名词性词组。Its such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.7.引导结果状语从句的
13、从属连词连词意义用法so that以便于，为了They sped up so that they could get there on time.in order that为了二、中考考点梳理1、分类 并列关系：and,both.and,not only.but also., neither.nor等 转折关系：but,while,however.等 并列连词 选择关系：or,either.or.等 因果关系：so,for等 连词 其他：after,before等 引导宾语从句：that,if,whether等 从属连词 引导主语从句：what,that,whether等 引导表语从句：tha
14、t,whether等 2、引导状语从句的从属连词1).引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,as soon as等。2).引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where,wherever等3).引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because,since,as等。4).引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if,unless,as long as等。5).引导目的状语从句的主要连词有in order that/so that。6).引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although,though,even if/even thou
15、gh。7).引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so.that,such.that,so(that).8).引导比较状语从句的从属连词有than,as。9).引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as,as if/as though等。3、重点总结（主谓一致现象）1）.就近原则：There be句型; Neither.nor.; Either.or.;Not only.but also.。2）. 就前原则：with，along with, together with, as well as, besides,like, without, except(but), including,but, rathe
16、r than, in addition to, apart from.一、 典例分类1.Whats the secret of success, Dr. Know? More time and effort, _ youll make it someday.A. yetB. or C. and D. but【答案】C 【解析】句意：成功的秘诀是什么，Know博士?再多花些时间和精力，总有一天你会成功的。考查固定结构。yet还；or否则；and和；but但是。本题是固定句型祈使句，+ and/or +陈述句结构，当前后分句为承接关系时用and，关系相反时用or；相当于if条件句，陈述句需用一般将
17、来时。2. Love your parents _ they are alive. Dont wait until it is too late.A. whileB. thoughC. becauseD. unless【答案】A 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：爱你的父母，趁他们还活着。不要等到为时已晚。while当的时候，表时间；though尽管，表让步；because因为，表原因；unless除非，表条件。3. You cant decide whether or not you like something until you try it, _ its important to try s
18、omething new.A. butB. orC. so【答案】C 【解析】句意：你不能决定你是否喜欢一些事情直到你尝试它，所以尝试一些新的事情很重要。but但是，表示转折；or或者；否则；so因此，所以。根据句意可知，空后这句话表示前面那句话导致的结果，故应选C。4.【2019 山东省临沂市】A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with their classmates. So it _ helps with studentshealth, _ improves their
19、social skills.A. either; orB. neither; norC. not only; but also【答案】C 【解析】句意：课间休息是学生进行体育活动和与同学交谈的好时机，因此，它不仅有助于学生的健康，而且提高了他们的社交技能。eitheror或者或者；neither.nor既不也不；not onlybut also不仅而且；根据句意，课间休息对学生的健康和社交技能都有帮助，故这里表示不仅而且，故选C。5. The film seems interesting _ we all want to see it.A. andB. butC. unless D. if【答
20、案】A 【解析】句意：这个电影好像有趣，我们都想看它。根据and和，表示递进；but但是，unless除非，if是否，如果；根据The film seems interesting和we all want to see it之间是递进关系；故选A。6. Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, _ you will fail in the coming exam.A. thenB. soC. andD. or【答案】D 【解析】句意：艾米丽，你又在玩电子游戏了!努力学习吧，否则你在接下来的考试中会不及格的。考查连词辨析。then
21、然后，表顺承；so所以，表结果；and和，表并列；or否则，表条件。本句是祈使句+or+陈述句固定句型，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为否则，要不然。根据句意结构和语境，可知选D。7. This cap is nice, _ it doesnt look good on me.A. forB. soC. butD. or【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。for为了，因为；so因此；but但是；or或者，否则。根据句意，空前is nice，空后是doesnt look nice，前后是转折的关系，故应选C。8. A better future is th
22、e goal of the Chinese people, _ its also the common interest of the world.A. soB. andC. orD. but【答案】B 【解析】句意：一个更加美好的未来是中国人民的目标，也是全世界的共同利益。so因此，所以；and和，而且；or或者，否则；but但是。空前the goal of the Chinese people和空后the common interest of the world是并列关系，故应选B。9. She was tired, _ she continued her work.A. soB. unt
23、ilC. butD. that【答案】A 【解析】句意：她很累，但是她继续她的工作。so因此，表示因果；until直到，引导时间状语；but但是，表示转折；that引导从句，在句子中没有实在意义。根据句子的意思，能判断出是转折，所以用but。故选C。10Whichsportdoyouprefer,volleyball _ basketball? Iprefervolleyball.A. orB. andC. but【答案】A 【解析】考查并列连词的用法 。结合答语可推知，空格处表示选择关系，故用or。11. Put on your coat, _ you will catch a cold!
24、This is what my mum often says to me.A. andB. butC. orD. so【答案】C 【解析】and和，并且，but但是，or或者，否则，so所以；结合句意穿上外套，否则你会感冒的！这就是我妈妈经常对我说的话可知，要填否则，其它选项句意不通。12.Its a pity that _ my teachers _ parents allow me to swim alone.After all you are too young, safety first.A. either.or B. neithernorC. both.and D. not only
25、.but also【答案】B 【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意：很遗憾，我的老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳。毕竟你还太小，安全第一。A.要么要么，表示二者择其一；B.既不也不，表示两者都不；C.和（两者）都；D.不仅而且。根据回答After all you are too young, safety first.可知老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳，故选B。13.【2019 湖南省长沙市】Keep trying, _ you might surprisingly find hidden abilities within you.A. butB. andC. or【答案】B 【解析】句意：继续努力，你可
26、能会惊讶地发现你内心隐藏的能力。A. but但是，表示转折关系；B. and和，而且，表示顺承关系；C. or或者，表示选择关系。and可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件，题干也可以理解为如果你继续努力，你可能会惊讶地发现你内心隐藏的能力。故选B。14.We should work hard. Well never give up. _ China dream can come true.I think so. Lets try our best.A. But B. And C. Or【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们应该努力学习。我们将永不放弃。这样中国梦可以实现。我也这样认为。让我们尽我们最大
27、的努力。A表示但是，B表示和，C表示或者.根据题干可知我们应该努力学习，我们就将永不放弃，这样中国梦可以实现，句子前后是并列关系，则应用and。故选B。15. The toys are really old, _ I still want to keep them.A. or B. and C. but【答案】C 【解析】A表示或者、否则，B表示和，C表示但是。根据题干可知这些玩具真得很旧，但是我仍然想要保留它们，句子前后是转折关系。故选C。二、易混易错点拨1. Cathy is afraid of the dog. She will run away _she sees it.A. ever
28、 sinceB. althoughC. as soon asD. so that【答案】C【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：凯西害怕狗，她一看到狗就跑了。A. ever since自从；B. although虽然、尽管；C. as soon as一就；D. so that以便；所以。根据Cathy is afraid of the dog. 凯西害怕狗，可推知是她一看到狗就跑开了，结合选项可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。2. Jack has learned more about teamwork(团队合作) _ he joined the soccer team. A. untilB. sinc
29、eC. whileD. though【答案】B【解析】考查连词。句意：自从杰克加入足球队以来，他更多地学会了团结合作。until直到；since自从以来；while当的时候；though虽然。根据前半句用的现在完成时可知用since，故选B.3.The local food may taste a bit strange.Well, _we are here, why not give it a try?A. thoughB. unlessC. sinceD. because【答案】C【解析】句意： 当地的食物可能有点奇怪。 既然我们在这里，为什么不尝尝呢？A. though尽管；B. unl
30、ess除非；C. since既然；D. because因为。because语气最强，表示直接原因，可用于回答 why 提出的问题、引导表语从句、用于强调句等。since所表示的原因是人们已知的，即对已知事实提供理由，而不是表示直接原因。本题的why not give it a try? 为什么不尝尝呢？是因为当地的食物有点奇怪（间接原因）。而不是因为在当地，所以应该用since表达的间接原因。而不用because（直接原因）来引导。故选C。4. Our business wont improve _ we offer better service to our customers.A. bec
31、auseB. unlessC. afterD. since【答案】B【解析】句意：除非我们为顾客提供更好的服务，否则我们的生意就不会好转。because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；after在之后，引导时间状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句。根据主句Our business wont improve以及从句中offer better service可知，从句中也应表示否定的意思，unless相当于ifnot，如果不，符合句意，故选B。5. I still keep taking exercise every dayI am busy with so ma
32、ny subjects.A. until B. unless C. because D. though【答案】D【解析】句意：尽管我忙于许多科目，但我仍然每天都在锻炼。根据下文I am busy with so many subjects.可知这里是though引导的让步状语从句。根据题意，故选D。6. Cathy is afraid of the dog. She will run away _she sees it.A. ever since B. although C. as soon as D. so that【答案】C【解析】句意：凯西害怕狗，她一看到狗就跑了。考查连词辨析。根据Ca
33、thy is afraid of the dog.凯西害怕狗，可推知是她一看到狗就跑开了，结合选项可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。7.The local food may taste a bit strange.Well, _we are here, why not give it a try?A. though B. unless C. since D. because【答案】C【解析】句意： 当地的食物可能有点奇怪。 既然我们在这里，为什么不尝尝呢？A. though尽管；B. unless除非；C. since既然；D. because因为。because语气最强，表示直接原因，可用于回
34、答why提出的问题、引导表语从句、用于强调句等。since所表示的原因是人们已知的，即对已知事实提供理由，而不是表示直接原因。本题的why not give it a try?为什么不尝尝呢？是因为当地的食物有点奇怪（间接原因）。而不是因为在当地，所以应该用since表达的间接原因。而不用because（直接原因）来引导。故选C。8.Is your WeChat account (账户) safe?Yes, even my father cant use it _ I tell him the password.A. when B. unless C. while D. if【答案】B【解析】
35、句意：你的微信账号安全吗？是的，如果我不告诉他密码甚至我的爸爸都不能使用它。when当时候；unless除非，如果不；while当时候；if如果。根据句意my father cant use it可知，这里应表示不告诉他密码，故应选B。9. _ we continue to kill elephants for their ivory, we humans will lose them in the end.A. If B. Before C. Until D. Although【答案】A【解析】句意：如果我们继续为了象牙猎杀大象，那么我们人类将会最终失去它们。A表示如果，B表示在之前，C表示
36、直到，D表示虽然、即使。根据题干可知如果我们继续为了象牙猎杀大象，那么我们人类终将会失去它们，句子前后是条件关系。故选A。10. The environment will be much worse _ everyone has a sense of protecting it.A. unless B. if C. so that【答案】A【解析】句意：除非每个人有保护环境的意识，否则环境将会更糟糕。A表示除非，B表示如果，C表示为了。根据题干可知除非每个人有保护环境的意识，否则环境将会更糟糕，本句是unless引导的条件状语从句。故选A。11. Did you call Michael ba
37、ck?I didnt need to, _ Ill see him tomorrow.A. Unless B. because C. when D. though【答案】B【解析】句意：你给迈克尔回电话了吗？我没有必要。因为我明天会见到他。结合选项，A.除非；B.因为；C.当时；D.虽然，选项B符合题意。故选B。12.Ling Ling, youll feel sleepy tomorrow _ you go to bed early.OK, Mom. Ill go to bed at once.A. if B. unless C. though D. because【答案】B【解析】A表示如
38、果，B表示除非，C表示虽然、即使，D表示因为.根据题干中可知妈妈告诉玲玲除非她早点睡觉，否则明天会瞌睡的，此处应用unless。故选B。一 单项选择1.Jim, lets go out to play basketball.Oh, I wont do that_ I finish my homework.A. if B. until C. because D. since【答案】B【解析】句意：吉姆，我们出去打篮球吧。哦，我要做完作业才能做那件事。notuntil直到才。until引导时间状语从句，故答案为B。2. They didnt go home _ they finished thei
39、r work.A. because B. when C. until【答案】C【解析】句意：他们直到完成作业才回家。短语notuntil意为直到才。根据空格前面didnt可知用until，故选C。3.The students of Grade 9 have to take part in the P.E. test.Yes, _you want to pass it and be stronger, practice more.A. unless B. until C. if【答案】C【解析】句意：九年级的学生们必须参加体育考试。是的，如果你想通过它更强壮，更多的练习吧。根据practice
40、more.可知，这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时态。根据题意，故选C。4. Our eyesight will become poorer and poorerwe keep playing with phones.A. though B. unless C. if【答案】C【解析】句意：如果我们继续玩手机，我们的视力会越来越差。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据题意，故选C。5Has the meeting begun yet?Not yet. We have to wait _ everyone is here.A.
41、 and B. until C. or D. but【答案】B【解析】A表和，B表示直到，C表示或者、否则，D表示但是。根据题干可知我们得等到大家都到了，这里表示直到用until。故选B。6. We should take care of the earth _ we can make a better world to live in.A. so that B. until C. even if D. while【答案】A【解析】句意：我们应该关爱地球，为了我们能创造一个更美好的世界。so that为了；until直到；even if即使；while当时候；根据We should take
42、care of the earth和we can make a better world to live in之间的关系是表示目的；故选A。7. He could find the way home _ he was only three years old.A. though B. because C. where D. if【答案】C【解析】空格前后内容之间是让步关系，故用though。句意：尽管他只有三岁，但他能找到回家的路。18. _ it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.A. Although B. Because C. Unless D.
43、However【答案】A【解析】句意尽管雨下得很大，但是我们仍然享受我们的假期。根据句意可知，空前和空后之间表示让步，用although，故选A。9.Friends are like books. You dont need a lot of them _ they are good.A.orB. and C. as long as D. as soon as【答案】C【解析】句意：朋友就像书籍，不在多而贵在好。此句话的字面意思是只要朋友好你并不需要许多，本句表达的是深层含义as long as引导条件状语从句，故选C。10. A recent survey shows that 44 per
44、cent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads mote dangerous.A. although B. because C. if【答案】A【解析】句意：最近的一项调查显示，44%的美国人希望使用自动驾驶的汽车，尽管34%的人认为这会使道路变得危险。根据前后句意可知，这里表示让步，即虽然，尽管，故选A。11. _ we didnt win the basketball game, we were satisfied with our har
45、d work.A. If B. Though C. Since D. Because【答案】B【解析】句意尽管我们没有赢得篮球比赛，但是我们对我们勤奋工作感到很满意。根据句意可知，主句和从句之间表示让步，译为尽管，故选B。12. StorySign is _ a useful app _ it can make it easier for deaf children and their parents to read bedtime stories.A. so . that B. such . thatC. too . to D. as . as【答案】B【解析】句意StorySign是一个如
46、此有用的应用以至于能让聋的孩子和父母读睡前故事更加容易。A. so+ adj./adv. +that+句子如此以至于；B.such a/an+ adj. +可数名词单数+that+句子或者such+ adj +可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子如此以至于；C. too adj. to do太以至于不能；D. as+ adj./adv.原级+as和一样。根据两个空之间的a useful app可知，用such a adj. +可数名词单数+that结构，译为如此有用的一个应用以至于，故选B。13. Bike sharing is very useful in our daily life
47、_ it still has some disadvantages.A. unless B. because C. although【答案】C【解析】句意：尽管共享单车仍然有一些缺点，但是它在我们的日常生活中很有用。根据空前和空后可知，表示让步，故选C。14. Tom watched the World Cup _ 11:30 last night.A. when B. unless C. until D. as soon as【答案】C【解析】句意：汤姆看世界杯直到昨晚11:30。A. when什么时候；B. unless除非；C. until直到为止；D. as soon as一就。根据T
48、om watched the World Cup _ 11:30 last night.汤姆看世界杯_昨晚11:30。结合选项可知，应该选择until直到为止；符合语境。故选C。15.What do you think of the new movie Wandering Earth（流浪地球）?Its _ wonderful _ I really like it.A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to【答案】A【解析】句意：你觉得新电影流浪地球怎么样？太好了，我真的很喜欢它。根据答语的句子特点可知wonderful为形容词，I really like it.为一个从句，联系语境可知此句应该是对电影流浪地球的评价为太好了，我真的很喜欢它。，所以符合so+形容词/副词+that的用法，如此以至于，后引导一个结果状语从句；suchthat也有同样的用法，但such后应该跟名词，故排除；tooto表太不能，意义和结构都不符合；enough; to足够去做，意义和结构也都不符合；故选A。