1、Module 5 Cloning.阅读理解George Eberhardt turned 107 last month, and scientists would love to know how he and other older folks like him made it that far.So hes going to hand over some of his DNA.Hes one of 100 centenarians(百岁老人)taking part in a project that examines some of the oldest citizens with one
2、 of the newest scientific tools：wholegenome sequencing(全基因组测试)，the deciphering(诠释) of a persons complete collection of DNA.Scientists think DNA from very old healthy people could offer clues to how they have lived so long.And that could one day lead to medicines to help the rest of us stay diseasefr
3、ee longer.“Its very hard to get to 105 without some genetic advantages，”says Dr Thomas Perls, a geriatrics(老年医学) expert at Boston University.Dr Perls is helping find centenarians for the Archon Genomics X Prize competition.The X Prize Foundation, best known for a spaceflight competition，is offering
4、$10 million in prize money to researchers who decipher the complete DNA code from 100 people older than 100.The contest will be judged on accuracy(精确性) ，completeness and the speed and cost of sequencing.Mr Eberhardt played and taught tennis until he was 94 and says hes participating in the X Prize p
5、roject because hes interested in science and technology.Its not clear his genes will reveal much.Nobody else in his extended family reached 100，and he thinks only a couple reached 90，he said in a telephone interview.So why does he think he lived so long? He attributes it to 70 years of marriage to h
6、is wife, Marie.She in turn refers to his “intense interest in so many things” over a lifetime，from building radios as a child to pursuing a career in electronics research.But scientists believe theres more to it, and they want to use genome sequencing to investigate.Dr Richard Cawthon of the Univers
7、ity of Utah, who is seeking longevity genes by other means, says it may turn up genetic features that protect against multiple diseases or that slow the process of aging in general.1What does the underlined word “attributes” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?ASeparates. BOwes.CGathers. DCompares.答案：B解析：词
8、义猜测题。attributes所在的句子的意思：他把此归功于他和妻子玛丽的70年的婚姻。attribute.to.owe.to.“把归功于”。2 will not be judged by the Archon Genomics X Prize competition.AHow many genes are studiedBHow precise the sequencing isCHow fast the research is finishedDThe number of researchers答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“.from 100 people older than
9、100.The contest will be judged on accuracy(精确性)，completeness and the speed and cost of sequencing.”可知，参加这次比赛的人数是100人，被测的内容涉及测试的精确性、完整性、速度和费用。由此可知A、B、C三项都涉及了。故选D项。3Which of the following is TRUE about Mr Eberhardt?AHe doesnt have any genetic advantages.BMost of his family have been longlived.CHis gen
10、es dont reveal much about why he has lived so long.DHe enjoyed doing electronics research.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的“She in turn refers to hisintense interest in so many things over a lifetime，from building radios as a child to pursuing a career in electronics research.”可知，Mr Eberhardt兴趣广泛，小时候喜欢造收音机，一辈子进行电
11、子研究。由此可知选D项。4Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?AComparing One Hundred CentenariansBWho Will Win the Archon Genomics X Prize Competition?CA New TechnologyWholeGenome SequencingDIs the Secret to a Long Life in the DNA of Centenarians?答案：D解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲了要对100位百岁老人进行DNA检测的事情
12、，其中107岁的George Eberhardt报名参加了这个测试。这个测试的目的是想证明他们的基因是否对预防疾病及使人们长寿起作用。故选D项。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。There is a strong connection between a childs reading environment at home from the time when they are very young and the progress a child makes in being able to read once they start school. This is
13、 the finding of a study undertaken at the Norwegian Reading Centre.The study investigates ways of preventing reading and writing difficulties. Researchers studied 1,171 firstgrade pupils and their parents from 19 schools in Norway. The pupils were tested on various reading and writing skills when th
14、ey started school in autumn. The parents were asked how often they themselves read, how many childrens books they had at home, how often the child was read to and the age of the child when they started reading to the child. The results of this study clearly showed that the greater significance books
15、 have in childrens lives from the time when they are young，the better prepared they are to learn to read when starting school.This is because reading early and often to children influences the childs vocabulary. Children who are often read to become more aware of the connection between letters and s
16、ounds. By sitting with an adult reading books, children become aware of letters and words, and it will be easier for them to read. Reading aloud to a child before the child can speak positively influences the number of words the child learns. When starting school, children who have a lot of children
17、s books at home and who have been read to before reaching two years of age have a vocabulary that is almost twice that of children who have few childrens books at home and who have been read to aloud after the age of four. Children with a large vocabulary understand more of what is going on at schoo
18、l and are better able to keep up with what is being taught. Children with a poorer vocabulary understand less, and this can negatively impact their education.So it is very important to increase a childs vocabulary by providing a good reading environment at home.The reported study shows that a good r
19、eading environment at home is very important for childrens reading skills(要点1) and that children who are seldom read to and whose parents read little are at a disadvantage when they start school.(要点2) The number of childrens books at home, the age at which they are read to and how often they are read to all influence childrens vocabulary. (要点3) So a good reading environment at home is crucial.(要点4)
Copyright@ 2020-2024 m.ketangku.com网站版权所有