1、Section Grammar 非限制性定语从句语法图解探究发现用适当的连接词填空1Xie Lei,is 21 years old,has come to our university tostudy for a business qualification.2She is halfway through the preparation year,most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.3You have to get used to a whole new way of life,cantake u
2、p all your concentration in the beginning.4Living with host families,in there may be other college students,gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.whowhichwhichwhich5He wanted to know what I thought,confused mebecause I thought that the author of the article knew farmore than I did
3、.我的发现(1)以上句子皆为定语从句，从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。(2)非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之中(如句 1)，前后有隔开，也可以置于主句之后(如句 2、3、4、5)。(3)非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是指人或指物的某一名词(如句 1、2、3、4)，也可指代整个的内容(如句 5)。which非限制性逗号主句一、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词关系词先行词在定语从句中作的成分who人主语whom人宾语which物/整个主句主语/宾语whose(of whom 或 of which)人/物定语关系代词as人/物/整个主句主语/宾语when时间名词时间状语关系副词where通常是地点名词地点状语M
4、r.Lee,who gave us a speech yesterday,teaches in Beijing University.昨天给我们作报告的李先生在北京大学教书。(作主语，不可换成 that)Xiao Wang,whom they often talk about,is going to America next month.他们经常谈到的那个小王下个月要去美国。(宾语)I congratulate my neighbour,whose son has just won the election.我祝贺我的邻居，他的儿子刚刚赢得选举。(定语)We will put off the
5、outing until next week,when we wont be so busy.我们把郊游推迟到下星期，那时我们就不会这么忙了。(时间状语)She is going to spend the summer holiday in Tsingtao，where she has some relatives.她准备到青岛过暑假，在那儿她有一些亲戚。(地点状语)The earth goes around the sun,as we all know.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。(宾语)即时演练 1 用非限制性定语从句合并句子They are all making a journey to
6、Tibet.I have been there three times._They gave us many books.There is much information we need in them._He has three sons.Two of them are doctors._They are all making a journey to Tibet,where I have beenthree times.They gave us many books,in which there is muchinformation we need.He has three sons,t
7、wo of whom are doctors.He is from England.Everyone here knows that._Mary was late for class again.That made her teacher veryangry._He is from England,as is known to everyone here.Mary was late for class again,which made her teacher veryangry.二、as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别关系词aswhich指代指代整个主句所表达的内容既可指代整个主
8、句所表达的内容，又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义常用来表示说话人对于某事的态度、解释或评论等，含有“正如”的意思一般表示某事的状况或结果As is announced in todays newspaper,we must improve our style of work.正如今天的报纸上说的，我们必须改进工作作风。(as 引导非限制性定语从句，代指后句 we must improve our style of work)China,as we all know,belongs to the developing country.众所周知，中国
9、属于发展中国家。(as 引导非限制性定语从句，代指整句意思)It rained hard yesterday,which prevented me from going to the park.昨天雨下得很大，这阻止了我去公园。(which 引导非限制性定语从句，代指前句 It rained hard yesterday)点津 as 引导的定语从句，常用在一些固定结构中：as is known to all 众所周知as has been said before 如前所说as is often the case 情况常常如此as has been pointed out 正如已经指出的那样as
10、 often happens 这种情况常常发生即时演练 2 选词填空：as,which we had expected,Tom passed the driving test.Global warming,we all know,has caused a lot of naturaldisasters.Tom passed the exam,made his parents very happy.He said that he had never seen her before,was not true.Asaswhichwhich三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的比较限制性定语从句非限制
11、性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，是对先行词的修饰限定，不能删去是对先行词的补充说明，删去后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语，“的”He is the man whose car was stolen.他就是汽车被盗的那个人。通常翻译成主句的并列句。Ive invited Jim,who lives in the next flat.我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。关系词的使用上(1)作宾语时可省略(2)可用 that(3)可用 who 代替whom(4)可用 why(1)作宾语时不可省略(2)不用 that(3)一般不用who 代替whom(4)不
12、用 why(用 for which替代)The house,which we bought last month,lies in the centre of the city.那套房子位于市中心，是我们上个月买的。(非限制性定语从句，不表明有多少套房子)The house which/that we bought last month lies in the centre of the city.我们上个月买的那套房子位于市中心。(限制性定语从句，暗含“可能有若干套房子”之意)即时演练 331.单句改错The book,that he lost yesterday,has been found
13、.Peter,who you met in London,is now back in Paris.I had told them the reason,why I didnt attend the meeting._thatwhichwhowhomwhyfor which32.翻译句子他住在北京，从这里到那儿有 5 个小时的车程。_他们居住的城市正在发生巨大变化。_四、“介词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句该结构中，关系代词指人时用 whom，指物时用 which，不可以用 that；关系代词在从句中作定语时用 whose。He lives in Beijing,which is about
14、 five hours ride from here.Great changes are taking place in the city(which/that)theylive in.Could you lend me a pen,with which I want to fill in this form?你能借我一支填写这个表格的钢笔吗？The family,at whose house I stayed,are friends of my fathers.那家人是我父亲的朋友，我在他们家住过。I bought a great many books,on which I spent al
15、l my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。点津 介词的选择：(1)根据与从句中的动词、形容词或名词所构成的固定短语来确定。(2)根据与先行词的搭配来确定。(3)根据整个句意来确定。即时演练 4 用适当的关系词或介词填空I told them the reason,for I didnt attend the party last week.There are varieties of ways which we can solve this problem.Eleven people got killed in the accident,of th
16、e identities havent been available.With the fast development of agriculture,the people,in _village she taught 10 years ago,have lived a happy life.The police arrived,which the situation became calmer.whichinwhomwhoseafter链接高考用适当的关系词填空1(2019全国卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pmdaily at the pe
17、t shop in Macclesfield,she opened withher late husband Les.2(2017全国卷书面表达)The exhibition,the theme of is“beauty of China”，will take place in the school hall from 2 to 5 on the afternoon of June 21.3(2016天津高考改编)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,the weather may be better.whichwhich
18、when4(2016浙江高考改编)Scientists have advanced many theoriesabout why human beings cry tears,none of has beenproved.5(2016江苏高考改编)Many young people,most of werewell-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.6(2015四川高考改编)The books on the desk,covers areshiny,are prizes for us.7(2015江苏高考改编)Th
19、e number of smokers,is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.whichwhomwhoseas8(2015北京高考改编)Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_ you can hear some lovely music.9(2015重庆高考改编)He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of were published in the 1990s.10(2015福建高考书面表达)In the picture,we can see a boy i
20、n worn clothes,was reading a book with full attention.where/inwhichwhichwho演练提能.单句语法填空1Li Ping passed the driving test,surprised everybody inthe office.2Mo Yan,most of novels have been adapted for films,is now a world-famous writer.3The living standard of the people in China,is shown in the report,h
21、as improved over the past decades.4English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it differently.5We walked down the village street,people were having a market day.whichwhoseaswhichwhere6His mother,loves him very much,is strict with him.7They asked me a lot of questions,most o
22、f I couldnt answer.8Mr Smith,from I have learned a lot,is a famous scientist.9A lot of language learning,has been discovered,is happening in the first year of life,so parents should talk much to their children during that period.10You will have to wait for one more week,the manager will be back from
23、 his trip.whowhichwhomaswhen.完成句子1_,interest is the best teacher.俗话说，兴趣是最好的老师。2The place,before,has changed greatly.这个地方我以前参观过，变化很大。3This note was left by Tom,a moment ago.这个便条是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在这里。4I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party,_ are from abroad.我邀请了 100 多位朋友参加宴会，他们中大多数来自国外。5He
24、 lived in a big house,_ stood a big tree.他住在一个大房子里，在房子的前面有一棵大树。which I visitedwho was heremost of whomin front of whichAs the saying goes.短文改错Dear Headmaster，I am writing to talk about the canteen of our school.There are only a few stand in the canteen,that leads to lots of students having to line u
25、p for food.It is waste of time，isnt it?But at times the food is not fresh and does not taste deliciously.So its not surprising that some students chose to go to the street to buy junk food which do harm to their health.Would you think about that how to improve it?I would appreciate you if you could take some measures.Hopefully,my opinion can be taken to account.Jack答案：第二句：standstands;thatwhich第三句：waste 前加 a第四句：ButAnd;deliciouslydelicious第五句：chosechoose;dodoes第六句：去掉 that第七句：第一个 youit第八句：tointo谢谢 观 看