1、四川省遂宁市高中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期末教学水平监测试题本试卷分第卷（选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。总分150分，考试时间120分钟。第 卷（选择题，满分100分）注意事项：1答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡上。并检查条形码粘贴是否正确。21-60小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写在答题卡对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。3考试结束后，将答题卡收回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将
2、有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What does the man think of the program?A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Shocking.2Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a store. B. In a taxi. C. On a plan
3、e.3Why did Harry get up early this morning?A. To exercise. B. To see a doctor. C. To catch the bus to work.4What is the relationship between the speakers ?A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife.C. Employee and boss.5What might happen to Thomas?A. Having a meeting. B. Being stuck in traffic.C. Making a ph
4、one call.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。6Which size does the man want?A. Size S. B. Size M. C. Size L.7What will the man probably do next?A. Go to other stores. B. Buy yellow trouser
5、s.C. Change the shirt for a blue one.听第7段材料, 回答第8至9题。8How does the man learn to play the guitar?A. By self-teaching. B. By taking summer courses.C. By following his teachers advice.9What kind of music does the man prefer?A. Pop music. B. Classical music. C. Rock music.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10What is the
6、woman doing?A. Introducing a kind of job. B. Having a job interview.C. Worrying about the employment.11When did the man graduate from college?A. In 2015. B. In 2019. C. In 2020.12What is the man good at?A. Developing AI. B. Designing classes.C. Designing web pages.听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。13Why did the boy
7、 look tired?A. He got up too early. B. He stayed up last night.C. He was busy with homework last night.14How many exams are left for the boy to take?A. Two. B. Three. C. Five.15When should the womans report be handed in?A. This Friday. B. Next Friday. C. This Saturday.16What are the speakers going t
8、o do on Saturday?A. Go over physics. B. Work on the report.C. Have lunch together.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17In which countries do people celebrate New Year on January 1st?A. Countries in Southeast Asia. B. Countries in the Middle East.C. Countries of America and Europe.18Which of the following days may th
9、e Spring Festival fall on?A. January 19. B. February 15. C. February 21.19Why do people celebrate New Year by making noise?A. To pray for happiness. B. To welcome New Years arrival. C. To drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits.20What is the passage mainly about? A. Different times of New Year. B. The Spring
10、Festival in China. C. New Year in different countries.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIf you are looking for something extraordinary on your vacation beyond Canada, we have some recommendations to you. ParisFrom its Haussmann-designed boulevards to the wi
11、nding backstreets of the Marais and Montmartre, Paris history as a center of culture, ideas and arresting architecture remains vivid. Drink coffee in Place des Voges; read books on the banks of the Seine at Shakespeare and Co.; or eat classic French dishes in a restaurant in St Germain. Throw in sig
12、hts from the Louvre to Notre Dame, Les Invalides to the Eiffel Tower, and youre looking at the worlds most picture-perfect city.RomeRome is home to some of the worlds most breathtaking architectural sites and Renaissance art. Its impossible not to feel the pull of the past when spending time in the
13、Italian capital. Get lost in Romes royal atmosphere at the Coliseum, the Pantheon and the Roman Forum. Brave the queues and wonder at St Peters and the Sistine Chapel, while learning about how the Vatican and Christianity came to take power. Hong Kong The views of the towering skyscrapers(摩天大楼) of H
14、ong Kong Island from Victoria Harbor are typical, while the Mid-Level Escalators make exploring the central districts bars, restaurants and backstreets a breeze. Across the water, Kowloons neon(霓虹灯) streets are more lively and reward brave tourists with an up-close view of the real Hong Kong. Beyond
15、 are some of the greenest hiking spaces and emptiest beaches in Asia.HawaiiThick forests. Vast sandy bays. And that gorgeous ocean. Hawaii is undoubtedly some kind of paradise. Unlike any other US state, thanks to its location far out in the Pacific, this is a place for adventurers, sun seekers and
16、dreamers. Chill on Waikiki Beach, wonder at the the landscape in Volcanoes National Park or bring a surfboard and make like the locals by riding some of the best waves the world has to offer. 21Where should you go if you want to have typical French food?A. Montmartre. B. St Germain. C. Louvre to Not
17、re Dame. D. Les Invalides.22What can visitors enjoy most in Rome?A. Adventurous life. B. Architecture and art. C. Sunshine on the beach. D. Classic coffee and food.23What do Hong Kong and Hawaii have in common?A. They are large in size. B. They are located in Asia.C. They are located by the sea. D.
18、They are paradise for surfing.BDogs are usually regarded as the friends of human beings. Recently, a dog was filmed jumping onto the back of an ambulance as his owner was transported to hospital. The dog owner had been walking his pet when he fell ill in the city of Uruguaiana, Brazil. Emergency ser
19、vices were called to the scene and the man was placed into an ambulance to hospital. The dog, dressed in a little red jumper, did not run away instantly. Instead, he jumped onto the bumper(保险杠) of the ambulance, trying to follow his stricken owner as close as possible. The medical workers took pity
20、on the sweet dog and opened the doors to allow him inside the ambulance.The dog was reported to be waiting outside the hospital entrance as his owner was treated. Lots of social media users and those who spotted the dog at the hospital were attracted by the dogs behavior. Many took photos and posted
21、 them on the Internet. Local animal rescuer Maria Muniz, who lives near the hospital, said she saw the lonely dog and offered to take it in for the night until his owner recovered. However, the dog was unwilling to leave, keeping waiting at the spot. Luckily, he did not have to wait long before his
22、owner left hospital and the pair were reunited. Maria Muniz said, “It was very moving. But thank God the owner was only hospitalized for 30 minutes. His family arrived to take him and his dog home. ”24What did the dog do when his owner fell ill?A. Calling an ambulance.B. Following his owner.C. Runni
23、ng away instantly. D. Jumping up and down.25Why did people take pictures of the dog?A. They wanted to show off. B. The dog was good-looking. C. The dogs act was impressive. D. They wanted to attract animal lovers.26How long was the dog owner stayed in hospital?A. A day. B. A night.C. Half a day.D. H
24、alf an hour .27Which can be the best title of the test?A. Dog: a Loyal Friend B. Love Me, Love My DogC. An Animal Lover D. Dog: a Good HelperCWater is everywhere,from soilto the cells inside our own bodies.Depending on factors like location,age,and sex,the average human is between 55-60% water.So wh
25、at role does water play in our bodies,and how much do we actually need to drink to stay healthy?The water in our bodies works toadjust temperature,and to nourish(滋养) the brain and other body parts.Water isnt only in our blood.An adults brain and heart are almost three quarters water, while lungs are
26、 83% water.If we are mainly made of water,why do we still need to drink so much? Well, each day we lose two to three liters(升) through our sweat,urine(尿) and even just from breathing, which helps our bodies get rid of waste.While these functions are necessary to our survival,we need to compensate fo
27、r the water loss.Keeping a balanced water level is essential to avoid dehydration(脱水),which can have bad effects on overall health.Dehydration is usually caused by over consumption of water in a short amount of time. It can cause obvious drops in energy,moodand blood pressure. In severe cases, it wi
28、ll cause headache,and even death.However,on a normal basis,maintaining a well-hydrated system is easy to managefor those of us who are fortunate enough to have access to clean drinking water.For a long time, its commonly believed that we should drink eight glasses a day.But now it is suggested that
29、the amount of water we need to drinkdepend largely on our weight and the environment.The recommended daily intake varies from between 2.5-3.7 liters of water for men,and about 2-2.7 liters for women.While directly drinking water is the healthiest, coffee or tea can also be alternatives to make up fo
30、r water loss.Water within food makes up about a fifth of our daily water intake.Fruits and vegetables like strawberriesand cabbage are over 90% water,and can provide valuable nutrients as well.Drinking well also has various long-term benefits.Studies have shown that it can lower the chance of stroke
31、(中风)and reduce the risk of certain types of cancer.No matter what it is, getting the right amount of liquid makes a healthy life.28Which of the following belongs to the functions of water in our bodies?A. Removing body waste. B. Increasing temperature.C. Causing drops in energy. D. Improving blood p
32、ressure.29. What does the underlined phrase “compensate for” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Reduce in. B. Increase in. C. Make up for. D. Hold back. 30What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. We should drink eight glasses a day.B. Only directly drinking water is healthy. C. All people should dr
33、ink 2.5-3.7 liters of water. D. Weight will influence the amount of water we need to drink.31Where is the text probably from?A. A health magazine. B. A doctors diary.C. A food magazine. D. A travel brochure.DFrench poet Victor Hugo (1802-1885) once said, “To learn to read is to light a fire; every s
34、yllable that is spelt out is a spark.”Today, when we read books, road signs and posters, its probably hard to imagine that only half a century ago, about 40 percent of the worlds adults were still illiterate, according to data from UNESCO. This means that two out of every five adults could neither r
35、ead nor write in the 1960s. In other words, the “sparks” that now light up our world failed to do the same for theirs.In response to this situation, UNESCO decided to name Sept. 8 as International Literacy (读写能力) Day, starting from 1967. Every year, the day is celebrated to stress the importance of
36、literacy and the progress that has been made, which itself is hugein 2019, the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent, while the youth literacy rate was as high as 91 percent, according to UNESCO.This raises a question: If the mission to promote literacy has basically been accomplished, why d
37、o we still celebrate this day?The truth is that the definition of “literacy” keeps changing. For example, the theme for 2007 and 2008 International Literacy Day was “Literacy and health”, which targeted peoples ignorance of diseases like HIV and malaria (疟疾). For 2017, the emphasis was placed on “Li
38、teracy in a digital world”, because not knowing anything about the Internet in todays world is just like lacking basic reading abilities in the 1960sits the “new illiteracy”.The focus for this years International Literacy Day is “Literacy and skills development”. But the skills in question are not j
39、ob-specific skills, such as those required to be an electrician or a chef. Instead, the focus will be on “transferable skills”communication, critical thinking, teamwork, and creativity, to name a few. These are the things that allow us to do our job wellany job.32Why did UNESCO set up International
40、Literacy Day originally?A. To encourage the young people to read more.B. To help people read books, road signs and posters.C. To increase literacy rate from 40 percent to 86 percent.D. To improve peoples literacy by stressing its importance.33How does the author show the progress in literacy?A. By u
41、sing figures. B. By giving examples.C. By asking questions. D. By comparing the details.34What will be focused on for this years International Literacy Day?A. Job-specific skills. B. Skills of a chef.C. Thinking critically. D. Making electricians.35What is the text mainly about?A. Achievements in li
42、teracy. B. International Literacy Day.C. The development of UNESCO.D. The reasons to promote literacy.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Write a Good Rsum (简历)Vicki Salemi, a career expert, said a rsum is a foot in the door of your career. Do you want to impress y
43、our employers with your skills or experiences, without flooding them with too much information? 36 Decide which skills to stressTypically, companies will list the most important skills and responsibilities needed for the job in the advertisement. If the job description isnt clear, turn to people at
44、the company or those who work in the same industry for specific information about the required skills. 37 This will make your rsum stand out among hundreds of competitors.Keep a balance between soft and hard skillsSoft skills are the set of behaviors and personalities that you use every day, such as
45、 cooperation and problemsolving. Hard skills are technical like computer programming. Both of them are important. But you can only keep the skills section of your rsum limited to between six and eight skills. 38 In this way you will definitely impress the employers with enough skills. 39 Dont just s
46、how a rsum with a list of skills and job titles. You also have to support them with concrete evidence. When describing a previous job, include any related achievements. For example, if youre stating that youre a salesman, you should talk about whether you won salesman of the month or how much you de
47、voted to increase the sales. These specific details will help to convince the employers you are a qualified person. Develop the skills youre lackingDont get discouraged if youre lacking certain skills that are key for the position youre applying for. 40 For example, if you want to have a job at a ho
48、spital, try to get online classes for key software skills like patient scheduling. Hard skills are easier to learn, but even soft skills can be developed over time. You just need to find an effective way to learn them and get that across in your rsum. A. Back skills up with evidenceB. Instead, work
49、on developing them.C. Share details of your life experience D. You should include as many skills as possible.E. Here are some tips for an eye-catching rsum.F. Then you need to highlight (突出) these skills on your rsum.G. If you want to include more, put your soft skills into the professional history.
50、第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The idea that I wasnt athletic lived with me for years. I wasnt fond of 41 or conflict in sports. What I only enjoyed were 42 things such as playing with phones and watching TV. Not until my Senior High did
51、 I 43 I needed a change, as I was in poor health. In Senior Two, my friend, Lora, took part in our schools marathon club and 44 me to join too. To my relief, there werent any qualification tests: everyone who signed up was 45 . Its believed that most peopleeven those who were 46 in sports could run
52、a marathon, if they 47 for it. I still remember the first day of training, when everyone arrived on the schools playground and the coach 48 its time to start. Before that, I thought the warming-up would be a 49 jog for about 800 metres along the track as in previous PE classes . However, I soon 50 i
53、t was a 2-km run! Thats out of my expectation. After running two kilometres, I was totally 51 . More 52 , the real exercise for that day was a 10-km run. As soon as I got home, with aching legs, I thought about 53 . But with Loras encouragement, I finally 54 myself to persist(坚持), determined to get
54、stronger physically. I didnt make real progress 55 . I ran the last during exercise for a long time. With days passing by, I tried harder and harder. Gradually, during the exercise I could be in the 56 of the teamthe fastest runners were always ahead, while the slowest were behind. Because of my 57
55、, warm-up became a real warm-up. The 10-km run turned into a(n) 58 practice. For me, who dont like sports, this was a great 59 . I do believe it is from the power of 60 . Once you make up your mind, you will definitely make progress. 41. A. artB. rulesC. schoolworkD. competition 42. A. challengingB.
56、 relaxingC. interestingD. exciting43. A. wonderB. imagineC. realizeD. declare44. A. demandedB. accompaniedC. invitedD. assisted45. A. acceptedB. neededC. testedD. questioned46. A. goodB. hardC. skilledD. poor47. A. ranB. caredC. appliedD. trained48. A. announcedB. hopedC. thoughtD. asked 49. A. prac
57、ticalB. regularC. toughD. tiring 50. A. thought outB. made upC. found outD. believed in51. A. amazedB. exhaustedC. encouragedD. energetic 52. A. unexpectedlyB. interestinglyC. naturallyD. apparently 53. A. cryingB. goingC. quittingD. complaining 54. A. helpedB. askedC. taughtD. persuaded55. A. immed
58、iatelyB. actuallyC. graduallyD. separately56. A. topB. middleC. bottomD. front 57. A. effortsB. actsC. workD. contribution 58. A. hardB. easyC. funnyD. avoidable59. A. exampleB. exceptionC. failureD. improvement 60. A. honestyB. modestyC. determinationD. inspiration 第 卷（非选择题，共50分）注意事项：1请用蓝黑钢笔或圆珠笔在第卷
59、答题卡上作答，不能答在此试卷上。2试卷中横线及框内注有“”的地方，是需要你在第卷答题卡上作答。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese Film industry develops fast in recent years. During the National Day holiday, a film named My People, My Hometown overtook the cartoon Legend of Deification(姜子牙) to
60、 top the countrys box-office charts, setting 61 new record. The film consisting of five stories is in 62 (celebrate) of Chinas National Day Beijing Good Man, The Last Class, A Fallen UFO, The Magical Painter-Ma Liang and The Way Back Hometown. The movie gathers seven directors to tell the five stori
61、es under the same theme, and also 63 (join) hands of many celebrities. Anthology films(合集电影) are special because you can 64 (transport) to many stories in just two hours. Here are some stories of it.The first story is set in Beijing. The main character is named Zhang Beijing, 65 uncle works in Beiji
62、ng as a delivery man. Struggling with the high medical fees to treat the disease, the uncle comes to ask 66 help from Zhang. Zhang helps his uncle pretend to be him in order to use his medical insurance. The Last Class is a funny and moving tale. A 67 (retire) teacher, who is played by Fan Wei, has
63、stayed overseas for many years. His son makes efforts to bring back his partly-lost memory through helping return to his first school to teach the students again. It shows the development of the countryside.The Way Back Hometown is the 68 (serious) part among the five stories, reminding viewers of l
64、ocals effort to fight against desertification. 69 the film is imperfect with some shortcomings, most viewers think highly of it. Generally speaking, the film is worth 70 (watch). 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 第四部分:写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误
65、，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Henry,Hows it going? Im glad know that you are interested in the Chinese language and culture. Id like to offer you some suggestions, that may be
66、beneficial to your Chinese learning. To learn the Chinese language and culture well, first of all, watching TV programs and reading newspapers were good ways of language learning. In the addition, you can read some classical literature which will broaden your horizons. Whats more, you should make so
67、me Chinese friend. You can communicate with them frequent to improve your spoken Chinese. Lastly, it is a good idea to attend the Confucius Institute establishing by China. There you can share that you have learned. Only by done so can you achieve your goal faster.I sincerely hope your suggestions w
68、ill be helpful and that you will make great progress.Yours,Li Hua第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是李华，一名高二学生。你的英语外教Mr. Brown准备寒假去游览三峡，在校报刊登了一则招聘一名英语导游的广告。请用英语给他写一封邮件应聘，内容包括：1. 求职意愿；2. 你的优势；3. 希望被录用。注意：1. 词数：100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Mr. Brown, 遂宁市高中2022届第三学期教学水平监测英语试题参考答案第 卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分3
69、0分）1-5 ACBCB 6-10 BAACB 11-15 BCBBA 16-20 ACBCC第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)21-25 BBCBC 26-30 DAACD 31-35 ADACB第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 36-40 EFGAB第三部分语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)41-45 DBCCA 46-50 DDABC 51-55 BACDA 56-60 BABDC第 卷第三部分语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15
70、分)61. a 62. celebration 63. joins 64. be transported 65. whose 66. for 67. retired 68. most serious 69. Although/Though/While 70. watching第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)Dear Henry,Hows it going? Im glad know that you are interested in the Chinese language and toculture. Id like to of
71、fer you some suggestions, that may be beneficial to your Chinese whichlearning. To learn the Chinese language and culture well, first of all, watching TV programs and reading newspapers were good ways of language learning. In the addition, you can read some are classical literature which will broade
72、n your horizons. Whats more, you should make some Chinese friend. You can communicate with them frequent to improve your spoken Chinese. friends frequentlyLastly, it is a good idea to attend the Confucius Institute establishing by China. There you can establishedshare that you have learned. Only by
73、done so can you achieve your goal faster. what doingI sincerely hope your suggestions will be helpful and that you will make great progress.myYours,Li Hua第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)Dear Mr. Brown,Im Li Hua, a student of yours from Senior Two. Im writing in response to the advertisement for your tour guide on t
74、he trip along the Three Gorges. As you know, I am so good at English that I will have no trouble in communicating with you fluently. More importantly, I have a good knowledge of the Three Gorges, where I have travelled several times. Therefore, I can give you a vivid description about every sight al
75、ong the way. I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I would appreciate it if you can take me into consideration.Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 书面表达评分细则（一）要点解释1.关于要点一(基本信息)：要有介绍到自己的基本信息的关键词或相关表达：Li Hua, Senior High, Senior Two, student等。2.关于要点二(求职意愿)：要有表达你求职意愿的关键词或
76、相关表达： in reply/ response to the advertisement, apply for, want to be, would like to be, hope to be, guide等。3.关于要点三(你的优势)：优势需要与此次导游工作相关：English ability, experience, personality等方面。（如果优势只写一点，注意全文词数是否达到，如词数低于80词，扣2分）4.关于要点四(希望被录用)：语气要真诚礼貌，如：Id appreciate it/ be grateful/ be happy., hope, wish等。(二)归档与打分
77、 第五档（21-25分）1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.覆盖所有内容要点。3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4.语法或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或词汇所致。具备较强的语言运用能力。5.有效地使用了语句间的成份，使全文结构紧凑。6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（16-20分）1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.运用的语法结构或词汇方面能满足任务的要求。4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（11-15分）1.基本
78、完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。6.整体而言，基本达到了语气的写作目的。第二档（6-10分）1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。3.词法结构单调，词汇项目有限。4.有一些语法结构词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。第一档（1-5分）1.未完成试题规定的任务。2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。3.语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。6.信息未能传达给读者