1、备战2021年高考英语语法之代词讲与练（二）一、不定代词不定代词是代词种类中相对复杂的一种，数量较多且很多词意思几乎相同但修饰不同类型的名词，因此学习者们很容易混淆使用，犯低级错误导致不必要的丢分。1.定义： 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。2.种类：英语中不定代词数量非常多some（something，somebody，someone，somewhere）any（anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere）no（nothing，nobody，no one）every（everything，everybody，everyone，everywhere）all
2、，each，both，much，many，（a）little（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either， neitherand so on.3.用法比较： some和any：两者都是“一些”的意思，都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句中或表示请求意义的疑问句；而any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中.eg.Tom has some picture books Have you any questions？ Why dont you bring some flowers? few与 little：few和afew后接复数名词，而little和
3、alittle后接不可数名词。few和little表示数量很少或几乎没有，强调“少”，含有否定意义，afew和alittle则表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有，强调“有”，含有肯定意义。eg.Heknewfewofthem. I have onlyafewof pens. Heknewlittleaboutit. Thereisstillalittle water in the bottle. all,every,each：all 强调整体地考虑总体，every强调考虑总体中的所有成员(与all很接近,但all通常与复数名词搭配，every通常与单数名词搭配)，each则强调逐个逐个地考虑总体，all
4、和each既可单独使用，也可后接名词，还可后接of短语，而every后必须接名词，既不能单独使用也不能后接of短语，each指两者或两者以上的“每个”，every指三者或三者以上“每个”。eg.Allof us need to sit downEachofushasabook.Everykid like chocolate. both，neither，either：both指两者，带有肯定意译，neither指两者，带有否定意义,either指两者中的任何一个。eg.Bothof us can speak Chinese. She cant sing，neither (can) he. Eit
5、her ofthem will help us.二、指示代词1. 空间和时间上来说，this“这个”和these“这些”，跟它们的中文一样，一般指较近的事或的时间内发生的事，that“那个”和those“那些”，一般指较远的事物或较久之前发生的事。如：Please come this way. Well go in by that door.请这边走，我们从那扇门进去。2. 在聊天或是特定语境中，往往会用指示代词指代聊天者共同熟悉的事物。如：I liked this movie today better than that concert last night.我喜欢今天的这个电影，胜过昨晚的
6、那个音乐会。3. 可用this 或 that用来回指上文提到的事情，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this-She is a beautiful girl.-Who said that?I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点：她美吗?4. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用that指对方：Hello. This is Mary. Is that John?喂，我是玛丽，你是约翰吗?5. 除用作代词外，this 和that 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，意为这么、那么，相当于 so。如：Is he always this b
7、usy?他总这么忙吗?6. 指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分，如宾语时，只能指物，不能指人，如：That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。（ that作主语，指人）He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。（this作限定词，这里不能直接用this作宾语指人）I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物，可作宾语)7. that和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this和 these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有those可指人，如：(对) He admired that which looked beauti
8、ful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。(对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人）(错) He admired that who danced well. （that作宾语时不能指人）(对) He admired those who danced well. 他赞赏跳舞好的人。（those指人）(对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。（those指物）巩固练习：1. Have you finished all your exercises?Y
9、es, _ is left. As a matter of fact, they are as easy as ABC.A. nothing B. not one C. none D. neither【答案】C2. For quite _ students, their teachers advice is more important than _ of their parents.A. few; one B. a little; some C. a few; that D. a lot; many【答案】C3. The schools Drama Association will be g
10、iving a big show tonight and two _ next week.Aanother Bother Celse Dmore【答案】D4. I want to buy a pair of sports shoes, _ at a proper price, but of good qualityAthat Bone Cthose Dones【答案】B5. He said he had called me to return home, but I didnt receive _.A. one B. it C. anyone D. anything【答案】D6. Id app
11、reciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. one【答案】7. Mistakes will happen. Accept _ and learn from _.A. it; them B. them; it C. it; it D. them; them【答案】A8. Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are to ill to go on working?AOne Bit Cthat Dthis【答案
12、】【B】考查代词的用法。9. Of all the books on the desk, _ is of any use for our safety.A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none【答案】D考查代词的用法10. The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground, _ brought her heart to her mouthAit Band which Cand tha tDthis【答案】C11. Rising from _ to a position of power, MrKing is
13、still working very hardAnothing Beverything Csomething Danything【答案】A12. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchenSo Peter made _ from some wood we had.Ait Bone Chimself Danother【答案】B13. I would appreciate _ if you could teach me how to use the computer.Athat Bthis Cit Dyou【答案】C14. -How much salt did
14、 you put in the soup?Im sorry to say, _. I forgotA.none B. no one C nothing D. no【答案】A15. This design is _ satisfactory. So youll have to try your best to better it.A. nothing but B. anything but C. all but D. everything but【答案】B16. -Did you have any trouble with the customs officer?-_ to speak of.A
15、. No B. Nothing C. None D. Neither【答案】C17. He is very smart and _ can be hidden from him.Anothing Bsomething Ceverything Danything【答案】A18. _ likes money, but money is not_AEveryone; everything BAnyone; anythingCSomeone; nothing DNobody; everything【答案】A19. Who has eaten all the cake, Jim?Oh, _ must be your two pet dogsAit Bthey Cthat Dwhich【答案】A20. Then have you no money at all? _ , madamANothing BNo one CNeither DNone【答案】D
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