1、 Passive voice in the simple present and past tensesUnit 7 International charities 1 组织你的想法organize your ideas 2 由。组成 be made up of 3 不同的文化 different cultures 4 帮助大脑放松 help our minds relax 5 保持健康 keep fit 6 导入 lead to 7 采取行动保护它 take action to protect it 8 做一名志愿者是很棒的 it is fantastics to be a voluntee
2、r 9生病住院 in hospital 10 一种严重的血液病 a serious blood diseaseorganize your iders 11 尽可能的 as soon as possible12 丧失生命 lose one”s life 13 捐钱 donate money 14 伸出援助之手 give a helping hand学习目标：1.了解使用被动语态的语境。2.掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。语态：表示语态：表示主语主语和和谓语动词谓语动词之间的关系。之间的关系。英语有英语有两种语态两种语态，即，即主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。1.主动语态：
3、表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主动语态)English is studied by many students.(被动语态)2.一般现在时态的基本结构：am/is/are+P.P一般过去时态的基本结构：was/were +P.PRubbish _ _(collect)every morning.Two men _ _(take)to hospital last night.语态is collectedwere taken1.Now English _ by more and more people all
4、 over the word.A.speaks B.is spoken C.was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done2.The lost boy _ at the street corner last night.A.was found B.is found C.was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done3.被动语态的基本结构：be+P.P+(by sb)Shewaters the flowers every day.主谓宾The flowers are watered by her every day.主动语态被动语态宾语谓语主
5、语其他 抄下来主语be+P.Pby+宾语by many students.1.Many students study English.English is studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes are made by themin that factory.一）一般现在时的被动语态结构：is/are+过去分词1.They bought a computer last termby them last term.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词last year.2.We planted many trees las
6、t year.Many trees were plantedA computerwas bought 4.look.smell.sound .feel .taste 等动词时，主动形式表被动意义。The dish _ good.A.smells B.is smelt 其它的动词还有：read/write/sell/wash/cook/主动表被动,常和well/easily 等副词连用。这笔很好用。This pen writes well.A5.5.在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态中，在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态中，不用不用to;to;在在被动语态中被动语态中用用to.to.如如hear/wat
7、ch/see/hear/watch/see/make/let make/let,make sb make sb dodo sth-sb be made _do sth.A.to B./sth-sb be made _do sth.A.to B./see sb see sb do do sthsb be seen _ do sth.sthsb be seen _ do sth.AA【考点】make sb.dolet sb.do see sb.dohear sb.dowatch sb.dosb be made to do sb be let to dosb be seen to dosb be h
8、eard to dosb be watched to do主动被动1.Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth.A.tastes B.is tasted C.taste This pen _ well.A.is sold B.sell C.sells感官动词,和sell,write等动词用主动语态表被动.2.The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish litter everywhere.A.was made;was seen to throw B.was made to;was seen to throwC.ma
9、de;saw 什么时候可以使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Such books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。Football is played all over the world二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported t
10、hat her mother died of SARS.众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：He was born in October，1989are planned to help the poorWhat they do every year1.Charity activities _(plan/to help the poor).are handed out
11、 to peopleLeaflets _ _(hand out/to people in the street/volunteers).in the street by volunteersToys and CDs _(sell/to raise money).are sold to raise moneyWhat they did last weekNew books _ _(send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1,Grade 8 students).were sent to children in poorareas by the Class
12、1,Grade 8 studentsWarm clothes _(collect/for poor people).were collected for poor peopleA charity show _(hold/the Students Union).was held by the Students UnionAmy and Daniel are talking about charities.Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.Amy:Im reading a b
13、ook about Oxfam.Daniel:Really?Please tell me about it.Amy:OK.Oxfam _(set up)in the UK in 1942,and the first Oxfam shop _(open)in 1948.Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world.A lot of things _(sell)in Oxfam shops,including books.The money _(use)by Oxfam to help poor people.was set up was
14、openedare soldis usedDaniel:Thats good.There are also some charity projects in China.One of them _(call)Project Hope.It _(start)in 1989.With its help,millions of poor children all over the country _(give)basic education.is calledwas started are givenAmy:Yea.Many schools _(build)in poor areas each ye
15、ar.are built一般现在时：一般过去时：am/is/are+donewas/were +done以下时态的被动语态构成以下时态的被动语态构成SummaryTask 4被动语态中的特殊情况:考点:被动语态的几种类型1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加 for 或 to如：1.He gave me a book.I was given a book by him.A book was given to me by Tom.2.I bought him a book.He was bought a book
16、by me.A book was buoght for him by me.give sb.sth buy sb sth-sb be given sth sb be bought sth-sth be given to sb.sth be bought forsb.【考点】give sb.sth.pass sb.sth.sell sb.sth.lend sb.sth.bring sb.sth.make sb.sth.buy sb.sth.Sth be given to sb.Sth.be passed to sb.Sth.be sold to sb.Sth.be lent to sb.Sth.
17、be brought to sb.Sth.be made for sb.Sth.be bought for sb.主动被动【考点】sb be asked to dosb be told to dosb be invited to dosb be chosen to dosb be encouraged to dosb be allowed to doask sb.to dotell sb.to doinvite sb.to dochoose sb.to doencourage sb.to doallow sb.to do主动被动2.主动语态为带to的动词不定式Mum told me to st
18、ay at home.I was told to stay at home.They take good care of my child.I turned off the radio.3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,注意短语要完整，不能掉了介词-My child is taken good care of.-The radio was turned off(by me).【考点】look for look aftertake care ofhand inlaugh atspeak tobe looked forbe looked afterbe taken care ofbe handed
19、 inbe laughed atbe spoken to不要漏掉介词.典型例题巩固练习练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个1.Children are _.A.take good care ofB.taken good careC.taken good care of固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词典型例题巩固练习练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个10.Your desk _.A.needs repairB.needs repairingC.needs to repairneed可以用-ing形式表示被动need to be done =need doing典型例题巩固练习练习回顾过去分词见一个背一个
20、Practise makes perfect填空（完成被动语态填空）1.They often clean their classroom after school.（改为被动语态）Their classroom _ often _ by them after school.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.（同上）A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.iscleanedwas given byPractice3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was foundwas told5.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were givenweregiven to us
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