1、Period 3 Learning about Language.单词拼写1.Those o_ courses are also very interesting,butmany students choose not to take the classes.2.I arrive at nine oclock,teach until twelve thirty and thenhave a meal;that is my morning r_.3.B_ cars use electrical energy as their driving force.4.The dog was quiet a
2、t first,but then started b_ at ussuddenly.5.Consult the famous scholars in the country and invite themto take part in the _(研讨会)6.He is still a(n)_(未婚男子)although he is fifty.7.Ive never been to the zoo because I really dont like the ideaof wild animals living in a(n)_(笼子)8.I believe you need a(n)_(道
3、歉)You really dontdeserve such treatment.【答 案】1.optional 2.routine 3.Battery 4.barking5.seminar 6.bachelor 7.cage 8.apology.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1.Well graduate in July,_ we will be free.2.The girl,_ article has been published on a famousmagazine,is the chairman of our Students Union.3.Charles Smith,_ was
4、my former teacher,retired lastyear.4.The result of the experiment was very good,_ wehadnt expected.5.We walked down the village street,_ they werehaving market day.6._ we expected,she succeeded in doing the researchwork.【答 案】1.when 2.whose 3.who 4.which 5.where 6.As1.apology n道歉；谢罪Please accept our
5、apologies for any inconvenience we havecaused.若有不便，敬请原谅。make an apology to sb for sth为某事向某人道歉apologize vi.道歉，认错；谢罪apologize for因而道歉apologize to向道歉单句改错They ought to have apologized to me for that they had doneto me.一句多译你应该为看你女儿的日记而向她道歉。You should _ _ _ _your daughter_ reading her diary.You should _ _
6、 your daughter _reading her diary.单句语法填空Imafraidshewontbehappywithmy_(apologize)【答案】that改为what make an apology to;forapologize to;for apology/apologies2.day in and day out日复一日the other day几天前day and night日日夜夜day by day一天一天地；逐日day after day日复一日；连续地have a day off请一天假every other day每隔一天every two or thr
7、ee days每隔两三天to this day迄今；直到今天；直到现在完成句子My mother works very hard _(日复一日)_(一天天地)he grew stronger.All the employees were working _(日日夜夜)单句语法填空With summer coming on,the weather gets hot day_ day.【答案】day in and day out/day after day Day by dayday and night by非限制性定语从句一、概念非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用
8、逗号隔开，将从句去掉后句子的意思仍然完整。译成汉语时，从句常单独译成一句话。The Great Wall，which is called in Chinese“The TenThousand Li Great Wall”，is actually more than 6,000 kilometerslong.长城，中国人称作“万里长城”，实际上有6 000多公里长。The sun，which rises in the east，gives us heat and light.太阳从东方升起，带给我们光和热。二、可以引导非限制性定语从句的引导词引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as,which,wh
9、om,who,whose；关系副词有when,where等。1.关系代词which先行词通常是指物的名词或代词，其中先行词还可以是短语或整个句子。The villa,which we saw yesterday,is very beautiful.我们昨天看的别墅很漂亮。(which指代the villa)2.关系代词who，whom与whose先行词指人时，who在引导的非限制性定语从句中作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。Bobs father,who worked on the project,spent four years inEgypt.鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四
10、年。(who作主语)I decied to write about Chaplin,one of whose films I had seenseveral years before.我决定写与卓别林有关的文章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。(whose作定语)3.关系副词when与where关系副词在所引导的非限制性定语从句中作状语，where表示地点，when表示时间。Next month,when youll spend your summer holidays in yourhometown,is approaching.下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。(when指代表示时间的
11、名词短语next month，并作从句的状语。)4.asas可以引导非限制性定语从句，常有“正如”的意思，所引导的从句既可置于主句之前，也可置于主句之后。as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的事)，as wasexpected(不出所料)，as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)，as is known to all(众所周知)，as has been said before(如上所述)，as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别对比项aswhich指代指代整个主句所表达的内容
12、既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句中的一部分位置as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、句中或主句之后which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后对比项aswhich意义as引导非限制性定语从句时，常常有“正如；正像；关于这一点”的含义，从句中的谓语动词常常是know，say，expect,hope，remember,report等which引导的从句常说明主句的情况，和主句往往有逻辑上的因果关系。which的意思相当于and thisAs we know,smoking is harmful to ones health.众所周知，吸烟有害健康。(as引导定语从句，位于句首，指代整
13、个主句内容。)用适当的关系词填空The number of smokers,_ is reported,has droppedby 17 percent in just one year.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poorchildren,_ is quite unexpected.He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of _were published in the 1990s.Opposite is St.Pauls Church，_you can hear somelove
14、ly music.Theschoolshop，_customersaremainlystudents，is closed for the holidays.【答案】as which which where whose三、使用非限制性定语从句时需注意的问题1.that不能引导非限制性定语从句。2.在非限制性定语从句中，用who，whom代表人，用which代表事物。3.当先行词指物且为专有名词或由物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。4.非限制性定语从句还能指代整个主句，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。5.非限制性定语从句中，不用why引导，用for whi
15、ch代替why。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别如下：名称意义结构要求功能引导词限制性定语从句 起限制作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整紧跟先行词，同先行词之间不加逗号修饰先行词关系代词：which，that，who，whom，whose，as；关系副词：when，why，where名称意义结构要求功能引导词非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整用逗号与先行词或主句隔开，译成汉语时单独译成一句话修饰先行词或整个主句关系代词：which，who，whom，whose，as(不用that)；关系副词：when，where等用适当的关系词填空The hou
16、se,_we bought last month,lies in thecenter of the city.The house _we bought last month lies in the centerof the city.【答案】which which/that/不填.单句语法填空1_is known to everybody，the moon is smaller than the earth.2I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_I went up to rescue a kite that was s
17、tuck in the branches of a tree.3He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother，_he loved and respected as his own mother.4He has passed the college entrance examination，_makes his parents quite happy.5The glasses，without_he was like a blind man，were broken.【答案】1.As 2.when 3.whom 4.which 5.
18、which.将下面两个简单句合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句1.I have two children.They are studying at university now.【答案】I have two children，both of whom are studying atuniversity now.2.This is the reason.I had to stay in the hospital for such a longtime.【答案】This is the reason why I had to stay in the hospitalfor such a long tim
19、e.3.He will never forget that day.His father gave him a valuablegift.【答案】He will never forget the day when his father gavehim a valuable gift.4.I went back to the town.I had left it when I was eight yearsold.【答案】I went back to the town(which/that)Id left when Iwas eight years old.5.This is the school.I studied here for six years.【答案】This is the school where I studied for six years.6.This is the gentleman.He wants to see you.【答案】This is the gentleman who/that wants to see you.点击进入WORD链接