1、2016岳池县罗度中学高考英语二轮阅读理解选练（2）及答案阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more ma
2、terial than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of
3、 a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it
4、 gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. Howev
5、er, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpack
6、aged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We
7、need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.1. What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?A. Using too much packaging. B. Recycling too many wastes.C. Making more products than necessary. D. Having more material than is needed.2. The a
8、uthor uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show.A. the tendency of cutting household wasteB. the increase of packaging recyclingC. the rapid growth of supermarketsD. the fact of packaging overuse3. According to the text, recycling.A. helps control the greenhouse effectB. means burning packaging for energy
9、C. is the solution to gas shortageD. leads to a waste of land4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.D. Other products are better packaged than food.5. What can we lea
10、rn from the last paragraph?A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.B. Needless material is mostly recycled.C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.【参考答案】1-5 DDACAAAt one time it was the dream for many little girls to become a nurseToday, however, Am
11、erica is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2, 000, 000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten（= say that you will hurt somebody if they dont do what you want）the quality of care provided. The demand for nurs
12、es spreads widely throughout the nursing field.What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes.One possibility is the fact that woman have greater career options （职业选择）. In the past, women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices nursing or teac
13、hing. Today, more women than ever are in the work force, but their options have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact, women today are found in nearly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs with higher pay
14、and greater status（地位）. A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as “merely a nurse”. Teachers may be also at fault. Many high school students are actually being steered（劝 导）away from nursing, told by teachers that they are “too bright to be a nurse”.Americans are living longer
15、than ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal diseases mean long dra
16、wn - out hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.21Why is America facing its worst nurse shortage?A. Because the demand of nurses has been doubled.B. Because more a
17、nd more women prefer to be teachers and doctors.C. Because women have been provided with many different jobs.D. Because women no longer choose to be nurses.22The passage tells us that high school teachers are at fault for_.A. not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the USB. introducing jobs with
18、higher pay and greater status to their studentsC. not asking the government to raise the nurses paymentD. persuading the students not to be nurses23The author wrote this passage in order to_.A. describe the unequal treatment of women in the USB. warn people to pay more attention to the nursing probl
19、emC. tell us womens free choice of jobs todayD. call on women not to be nurses24Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. high school students think themselves too bright to be nursesB. Women in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries.C. Of all the hospitals
20、in the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed.D. Nursing used to be a popular job among women.参考答案2124 CDBD BOne thinks of princes and presidents as some of the most powerful people in the world; however, governments, elected or otherwise, sometimes have had to struggle with the financial pow
21、erhouses called tycoons. The word tycoon is relatively new to the English language. It is Chinese in origin but was given as a title to some Japanese generals. The term was brought to the United States, in the late nineteenth century, where it eventually was used to refer to magnates who acquired im
22、mense fortunes from sugar and cattle, coal and oil, rubber and steel, and railroads. Some people called these tycoons “capitals of industry” and praised them for their contributions to U.S. wealth and international reputation. Others criticized them as cruel “robber barons”, who would stop at nothin
23、g in pursuit of personal wealth.The early tycoons built successful businesses, often taking over smaller companies to eliminate competition. A single company that came to control an entire market was called a monopoly. Monopolies made a few families very wealthy, but they also placed a heavy financi
24、al burden on consumers and the economy at large.As the country expanded and railroads linked the East Coast to the West Coast, local monopolies turned into national corporations called trusts. A trust is a group of companies that join together under the control of a board of trustees. Railroad trust
25、s are an excellent example. Railroads were privately owned and operated and often monopolized various routes, setting rates as high as they desired. The financial burden this placed on passengers and businesses increased when railroads formed trusts. Farmers, for example, had no choice but to pay, a
26、s railroads were the only means they could use to get their grain to buyers. Exorbitant (过高的) goods rates put some farmers out of business.There were even accusations that the trusts controlled government itself by buying votes and manipulating elected officials. In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman
27、Antitrust. Act, legislation aimed at breaking the power of such trusts. The Sherman Antitrust Act focused on two main issues. First of all, it made illegal any effort to interfere with the normal conduct of interstate trade. It also made it illegal to monopolize any part of business that operates ac
28、ross state lines.Over the next 60 years or so, Congress passed other antitrust laws in an effort to encourage competition and restrict the power of larger corporations.25. The Sherman Antitrust Act_.A. affected only the companies doing business within state lines B. sought to eliminate monopolies in
29、 favor of competition in the market-place C. promoted trade with a large number of nations D. provides a financial advantage to the buyer 26. One might infer from this passage that lower prices _.A. are more likely to exist in a competitive market economyB. usually can be found only in an economy ba
30、sed on monopoliesC. matter only to people who are poor and living below the poverty levelD. are regulated by the government27. It seems likely that many Americans_.A. believed that the trusts had little influence over governmentB. expected the wealthy magnates to share money with the poorC. did litt
31、le to build up American businessD. were worried that trusts might manipulate the government 参考答案25、B 2627、AD CAt one time no one could travel on an English road faster than four miles an hour. That was the law until 1896. A man had to walk in front of a car which could not go faster than the man. At
32、 night the man had to carry a red lamp.Once Charles Rolls brought a car from France to England, but he wanted to drive faster than four miles an hour. In order to have no trouble with the police, he had a talk with some of the police officers, who ordered their policemen to look the other way when t
33、he car came along the road. This was a good plan in the country, but not so easy to follow in the busy streets of London.One night Rolls and some friends started from London on their journey to Cambridge. One of the men walked in front with the red lamp, but he walked as fast as he could. The police
34、 became very interested in walls and shop-fronts when they heard the car and not one of them saw it.They reached a hill, but what a waste of time it was to drive down the hill at four miles an hour! Rolls was getting ready to jump into the car, but then he noticed a policeman who was not looking the
35、 other way. The slow car reached him. “Good evening,” said the policeman, looking at the car.“Good evening,” said Rolls, holding the lamp.“One of these horseless things,” said the policeman, looking at it with interest.“Yes,” said Rolls, and waited.“Ive often wanted a ride in one, but of course poli
36、cemen cant buy things like that.” He turned and looked hopefully in Rollss face. “Jump in,” said Rolls.“Thanks,” said the policeman, and did so. “Now,” he said, sitting down, “You can let it go just as you like down this hill. There isnt another policeman on this road for a mile and a half.”28The po
37、licemen were told “to look the other way” so that _.A. they could watch the car coming from the other directionB. Rollss car could go faster than four miles an hourC. they could make sure no one was in the wayD. the car would not hit them on the road29In what way did the policemen carry out the orde
38、r from their officers?A. They greeted Rolls when the car came along.B. They walked in front of the car with a red lamp.C. They pretended to be attracted by something else.D. They stood on duty every 1.5 miles along the road.30The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to _.A. teach Rolls
39、a lessonB. take a free ride homeC. have a talk with RollsD. have a car ride experience31After the policeman jumped into the car, Rolls _.A. dared not drive the car faster than he was allowed toB. could drive as fast as he wished within a certain distanceC. could drive on any road he liked for the re
40、st of the journeyD. drove his car as fast as he could down the hill to Cambridge参考答案2830、BCD 31、B DCenturies ago, man discovered that removing moisture(潮湿)from food helps to store it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians pr
41、oduce pemmican(dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates.All foods include watercabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 6
42、0%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria(细菌)which cause food to go bad is checked.Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California, South Africa and Australia. Various methods are used, but in ge
43、neral, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun.Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The method of such dehydration(脱水)is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110 at entry to about 43 at exit. This is the usual method for dryin
44、g such things as vegetables, minced(切碎的)meat, and fish.Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have
45、little storage space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.32According to the text, the open-air method of drying food . Ais the one most commonly used todayBwas invented b
46、y the American IndiansChas been known for hundreds of yearsDtends to be unhealthy33Bacteria which cause food to go bad . Acannot live in sunlight Bare killed by dryingCare in no way dependent on the water contained Dhave their activity greatly reduced by drying34Today vegetables are most commonly dried . Aon hot and sunny days Bin hot-air chambersCin the sun and wind Dusing the open tray method35Housewives like dried foods because they . Aare quick to prepare Btaste better than fresh foodsCcan be packed in a case Dlook fresh when cooked参考答案3235、CDBA