1、返回目录 Sharing Unit 4 返回目录 Section Grammar复习限制性定语从句返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析一、限制性定语从句的用法限制性定语从句用来修饰和限制先行词，与先行词之间的关系非常密切，它所修饰的先行词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或物，说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等情况，如果去掉，则意思含混不清。Were going to do something thats never been done before.我们要做以前从未做过的事。返回目录 二、关系代词引导的定语从句1引导限制性定语从句的关系代词关系代词 先行词 在
2、句中充当的成分who人主、宾、表whom人宾which物主、宾、表that人或物主、宾、表as人或物主、宾、表whose人或物定返回目录 The doctor(who/whom/that)you are looking for is in the room.你正找的那位医生在屋子里。Do you know the man whose name is Wang Bing?你知道那个叫王兵的人吗？返回目录 2先行词指人时用 who 而不宜用 that 的情况(1)先行词为 anyone,everyone,he,one 和 those 时。He who doesnt reach the Great
3、Wall isnt a true man.不到长城非好汉。(2)there be 句型中的主语作为先行词时。There is a student who wants to see you.有一个学生想见你。返回目录(3)一个句子中有两个定语从句，先行词都是人，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是 that，另一个宜用 who，以免重复。The student that won the first prize is the monitor who studies hard.获得一等奖的学生是学习努力的班长。返回目录 3先行词指物时用 that 而不宜用 which 的情况(1)先行词是 all,few,
4、little,none,much,nothing,anything 等不定代词时。All that we have to do is to practise every day.我们所要做的就是每天不断地练习。返回目录(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.我将永远不会忘记所上的第一课。(3)先行词被 the only,all,any,both,every,each,few,little,no,some 等修饰时。I have read all the books(that)yo
5、u gave me.我已经读了你给我的所有书。返回目录(4)先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered.他们谈论着记忆中的人和事。(5)当主语是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。Which is the desk that you want to buy?你想买哪张桌子？返回目录(6)当先行词在句中作表语时(无论先行词是人还是物)。My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.我的家乡不再是它以前的那个样子了。(7)一个句子中有两个定语从句时，
6、其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用 that。They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.他们悄悄开设了一家小工厂，其生产的产品会造成污染。返回目录 4用 as 引导限制性定语从句的情况(1)such名词as“像一样的”Do you have such books as we like?你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？(2)the same名词as“和同样的”Its the same person as we wanted to find yesterday.他
7、/她就是我们昨天要找的人。返回目录(3)as形容词a/an名词as“像一样的”Lucy is as clever a girl as her sister.Lucy 是一个和她姐姐一样聪明的女孩。返回目录 5用“介词which/whom”引导定语从句的情况(1)关系代词的选定如果先行词指事(物)，关系代词就用 which，指人用 whom。This is the classroom in which we studied last year.这就是我们去年学习用的教室。返回目录(2)介词的选定根据先行词来选用介词。The reason for which I came here is that
8、 I want to get your help.我来这儿的原因是我想得到你的帮助。根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago.这封信的收信人三年前就去世了。返回目录 根据句意确定介词。This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.这个就是我给他买照相机的飞行员。返回目录【拓展】the名词of which/whomof which/whomthe名词whose名词I bought a house yesterday th
9、e windows of which are made of wood.I bought a house yesterday of which the windows are made of wood.I bought a house yesterday whose windows are made of wood.昨天我买了一所房子，它的窗户是用木头做的。返回目录 三、关系副词引导的定语从句1引导限制性定语从句的关系副词关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语why表示原因的名词(只用 reason)原因状语返回目录 2.关系副词
10、也可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词关系代词”的结构The day will come when(on which)well win the final victory.我们取得最后胜利的日子将会来临。Do you know the reason why(for which)he was so sorry?你知道他那么难过的原因吗？返回目录【提示】并非先行词表示时间、地点、原因时都分别用 when,where,why 来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用 which 或 that 引导相应的定语从句。Do you stil
11、l remember the days which/that we spent together in school?你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？返回目录 四、限制性定语从句要注意的几种情况1关系词的选择通常分两步：先判断从句中缺少什么成分，从而确定是用关系代词还是用关系副词；再看先行词，从而确定用关系代词或关系副词中的哪一个。返回目录 2当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的数原则上要与先行词保持一致，但要注意：先行词是“one of复数名词”结构时，定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如果有 the only,the very,the first,the last 等
12、修饰 one 时，谓语动词用单数形式。She is the only one of the girls who studies hard.她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。返回目录 3当先行词是 way(方式，方法)，且关系代词在从句中作状语时，引导定语从句的关系词要用 that,in which 或省略。The way(that/in which)he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.他向我们解释那个句子的方式不难理解。返回目录 4当先行词是 case,point,situation 等表示抽象地点的名
13、词且关系词在从句中作状语时，引导定语从句的关系词要用where。They have reached the point where they have to separate from each other.他们已经到了必须分开的地步。返回目录 5定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，但有时亦可与先行词分离，即分隔式定语从句。A teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天要来一位教你们德语的教师。返回目录.单句语法填空1(20196月浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of c
14、loth _ gives off light in thedark.2(2019天津卷改编)Their child is at the stage_ she can sayindividual words but not fullsentences.3(2019全国卷)They were well trained by their课末随堂演练that/which where who 返回目录 4(2016北京卷)I live next door to a couple_ children often make a lot of noise.5(2015安徽卷)Some experts thin
15、k reading is thefundamental skill_which school educationdepends.whose on/upon 返回目录.句型转换(将下列简单句改为含有定语从句的复合句)1All of us are familiar with the writer.He isvisiting our company now.Thewriter_is visitingour company now.2Nobody wants to live in the house.Its windowsare all broken.with whom all of us are f
16、amiliar whose windows are all broken 返回目录 3Do you know the reason?She was late for themeeting for it.(why)Doyouknowthereason_?4There is a dictionary.We can look up the newwords in it.Thereisadictionary_.5Tonyis always longing for the time to beindependentwhy she was late for the meeting in which/whe
17、re we can look up the new words when he will be independent 返回目录.语法与写作1(2017天津卷书面表达)我一直想念你，想起我们和你在一起的快乐时光。Ive missed you a lot,thinking about those happymoments _.2(2016四川卷书面表达)每年当属于学生的暑假来临时，我们可以做所有上学时不能做的事情。When summer vacation for us students comes everyyear,we can do allduring ourwhen we stayed w
18、ith you that we cant do 返回目录 3我们下周将要参观的那个工厂离这儿不远。The factory _ isnot far from here.4(2017全国卷书面表达)我们将于7月20日在报告厅学习你感兴趣的唐诗。On July 20,we are going to learn poems of the TangDynasty _in the lecturehall.that/which we will visit next week which you are interested in 返回目录 5我刚到这里的时候几乎没有朋友，当我遇到麻烦的时候没有人可以求助。When I first got here,I had hardly any friends,andthere was no one _when I ran into trouble.to whom I could turn for help