1、Unit 1 The world of our senses在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫_(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任_等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句名词从句主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.主语This is his job.This is what he does every day.表语I dont like his job.I dont li
2、ke what he does every day.宾语I dont know about the man,Mr.White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.同位语1.We can use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence.That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.Whether hell be able to come is not yet known.Why they have not left ye
3、t is not clear so far.We can use it as a preparatory subject.It was good news that everyone got back safely.2.We can use a noun clause as the object of a verb/preposition.I wonder if/whether thats a good idea.Im interested in who that tall man is.We can use it as a preparatory subject.We all thought
4、 it good news that the fog had finally gone.The conductor has made it clear that no buses will be running.3.We can use a noun clause as the predicative of be.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.My question is whether Polly can find her way home.4.We can use a noun clau
5、se in apposition to a noun.She had a feeling that she was being watched.The news that he couldnt come made us upset.5.We use that,if/whether or a question word to begin a noun clause.No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.She couldnt imagine how the blind man had found her.R
6、ead the article on Page 9 and describe the main idea in your own words.While reading,underline all the noun clauses you can find in this article.Paragraph 1 The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain hasParagraph 2 Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses,Paragraph 3
7、 Scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is related to pain.They are also curious about whether it is the same for both sexes.Now,the study has proved that for women,pleasant smells reduce pain.Paragraph 4 He says that scientists have already collected data from 40 volunteers.He adds
8、 that this year,scientists will test another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position to analyse the results.Paragraph 5 One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better developed than that of men,and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.Scientists used to believe that mothers r
9、ecognize their children by sight only.Now,they have become convinced that the sense of smell also helps.However,why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men remains a puzzle for scientists.名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序(1)名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句e.g.That he is still alive is a wonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分e.g.Th
10、is is what we are looking for.这就是我们所寻找的。(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How he was successful is still a puzzle.How was he successful is still a puzzle.FT你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives?Could you tell me where does he live?TF二、名词性从句连接词的选用(1)that 和what 的选用that 和 what 都可
11、引导所有的_。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中_，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中_，只起_作用。名词从句充当成分不充当任何成分连接1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?WhatThatthatwhatwhat6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.
12、7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.whatthatwhat(2)if 和whether 的选用 whether和 if 都可以使用的情况：1)引导动词的宾语从句时；2)在be+adj.之后时；3)在主语从句中，it 用作形式主语时。只能用whether的情况：在非正式文体中，if.or not 也是正确的。但与or not直接连用时，只能用whether(即whether or not)，而不能用if(即if or not)；引导表语从句和同位语从句时；引导主语从句，且位于句首时；
13、引导介词后的宾语从句时；后面直接跟动词不定式时；if引起歧义时。1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.if/whetherWhether3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.whetherwhether/ifwhether6.The question is _ h
14、e should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.whetherwhetherwhether其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确的选择who/which/when/where/why/how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有_，又起_，同时在从句中充当_。疑问含义连接作用各种成分我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decide
15、d.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.Whenwho我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.whatwhere引导词 that 的省略1.that引导主语从句，并且主语从句_，由it 作形式主语时，that _；2.that 引导宾语从句时，可以省略；但如果有两个that 引导的宾语从句，则第二个宾语从句中的that _；后置不可省略不可省略3.介词后的宾语从句中的that_;4.如果that 连接
16、的宾语从句中紧接着一个由其他连词引导的状语从句，that _省略；5.引导同位语从句的连词that 在句中_成分，且_省略。不可省略不能不充当不可下列名词性从句中的that是否可以省略。1.It was reported that the football team was warmly received by the Queen.2.I dont believe that he has ever read any of Shakespeares works or that he has ever heard of him.3.His composition is very good exce
17、pt that there are some spelling mistakes.4.The cause of the accident lies in that the driver was careless.5.He said that,if I did not have time,I might choose not to go.6.The news that our team has won the match is true.只有第2题第一个that可以省略，其他名词性从句中，that不可以省略。Complete the sentences.1.I dont think _ she
18、is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.(that)thatthatthat5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.that(that)that宾语
19、从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时，从2.句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任何一种时态。3.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的。He believes _4._.his dream will come true some dayb.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么。Please tell me _ _.what you were doing at this time yesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时，从句谓语动词用一般用过去的某种时态，但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _.他说他已离开家乡十年了
20、。He told me _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher tell us _.he was preparing for the examination he had been away from his hometown for ten years light travels in a straight line.Read the article about our senses on page 11 and circle the right words.Answers:1._ 2._ 3._4._ 5._ 6._ifthatthatthatwhetherthatCom
21、plete the story on page 11 using that,whether or if.Answers:1._ 2._ 3._4._ 5._ 6._7._ 8._thatthatthatif/whetherthatif/whetherthatthat1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.A.that B.which C.what D.how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.A.which B.what C.that D.how3.It _ Joe drives
22、badly.A.thought that B.thinks that C.is think that D.is thought that4.It _ he is late for class.A.may that B.might that C.may be that D.might be what5.The question is _ it is worth doing.A.if B.whether C.which D.what6.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A.because B.why C.that D.what1.Do C1 and C2 on Page 92 of the Workbook.2.Preview the next part.
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