1、tale nunexplained adj.incident nalien adj.& n.disappear vi. spaceship n. creature n. flash n& vi.UFO abbr. journalist n. evidence n. injury n.dismiss vt. laughter n. schoolboy n. astronomer n.enthusiastic adj. mystery n. questionnaire n. tick vt.statement n. appropriate adj. blank n& adj. humour n.d
2、iscount n. badminton n. tournament n. hairy adj.villager n. fur n. track n. centimetre n.length n. examine vt. northwest n. dozen n.reserve n& vt.belong vi. existence n. ancestor n.1(2020浙江卷)We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.adj.(子弹等)空的2(2020天津卷)And I ha
3、ve never known an average man who had both.The two belong together.vi.应被放在3(2019全国卷)When a student attacks a professor on the social media，the language used actually says more about the student.vt.抨击；批评4(2019全国卷)First，you need to evaluate yourself，your values，your strengths，your weaknesses，your achi
4、evements，your desires，etc.n.优势；长处5(2019全国卷)Modern methods of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s. vt.跟踪；追踪6(2018全国卷)He was unconscious and as I looked at his face，something occurred to me.vi.(想法等)出现在脑中单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1occur vi.发生2assume vt.假定；认为3link vt.& n联系
5、，关联用所给词的适当形式填空。1(2020江苏卷)Wilson received several international awards(award) for his great contributions.核心单词语境运用4attack vt.& vi.& n攻击；进攻5detective n侦探6case n案件；具体情况，实例7award n奖，奖品，奖金 vt.授予，奖励8witness n目击者，证人 vt.目击，见证9base n基地，大本营；底部；基础 vt.以为基础10aboard adv.& prep.在(轮船、飞机、火车等)上；上(轮船、飞机、火车等)2.(2020全国卷
6、)We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred(occur) billions of years ago.3(2019天津卷) Most food webs，for instance，consist of many weak links (link) rather than a few strong ones.4(2019北京卷) A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is_based (base) on trust
7、 and existing relationships.5(2017浙江卷)Italy，which has a much weaker tradition of immigration，has_witnessed (witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.6(2017北京卷)Already this year,115 measles(麻疹) cases (case) have been reported in the USA，compared with 189 for all of last year.7He doesn
8、t seek advice，since he assumes(assume) nothing can be done.派生单词语境运用1exist vi.存在existence n存在2organize vt.组织，筹备；安排，处理organization n组织；机构organizer n组织者3survive vi.& vt.生存；挺过(难关)survival n幸存，生存survivor n幸存者4construct vt.建筑constructor n建造者construction n施工；建筑物5puzzle vt.使困惑，使难解 n谜，令人费解的事puzzled adj.困惑的，茫
9、然的puzzling adj.令人困惑不解的6convince vt.使确信，使相信convincing adj.令人信服的convinced adj.确信的，感到信服的7amaze vt.使惊异/惊奇amazing adj.令人惊奇(惊叹)的amazed adj.吃惊的，感到惊奇的amazement n惊异，惊奇8possible adj.可能的possibly adv.可能地possibility n可能性9strong adj.强壮的，有力的strength n力量，力气strengthen vt.加强，巩固10agree v同意agreement n同意disagree vi.不同意d
10、isagreement n意见不一；分歧用所给词的适当形式填空。1Its a convincing speech and Im convinced that many people will benefit from it.(convince)2Luckily，I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.(survive)3The puzzled look on her face shows that she is puzzled about the puzzli
11、ng question.(puzzle)4Many early history scholars tried to study the pyramids and tell how the construction was constructed.(construct)5We wonder if there is any possibility of the statistics to be analyzed as soon as possible.(possible)6We were amazed by the amazing news that an eightyearold child w
12、ent to college.(amaze)7To make yourself strong or increase your strength，you should get more exercise to strengthen your muscles.(strong)8A few people agreed to the plan of a lab building，while most people disagreed；as a result，no agreement was made.(agree)9Mr.Smith doesnt want to be involved in the
13、 organization of the conference，although his wife wishes him to be the organizer.(organize)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1show_up 出现，现身2step_up 加紧，加强，促进3make_ones_way_to 前往，到去4run_into 偶遇，无意中碰见填入一个适当的词。The other day our class made our way to a nearby park for relaxation.Entering the park，I ran into an old neighbour
14、.He said he made an appointment with his friends to meet there，but they didnt show up.5pick_up 拾起；(偶然)学会；接收；用车接6so_far迄今为止7make_use_of利用8be_based_on 以为基础填入一个适当的词。Its reported that the eightyearold boy has picked up five languages so far.He said his study was based on practice and to master a languag
15、e，one should make use of every minute to practice and apply it.9due_to 由于，因为10take_charge_of 负责，掌管11make_up 编造，杜撰；构成12look_into 调查填入一个适当的词。Last week，due to the heavy rain，Li Leis car knocked into a tree.When the police who took charge of the case came to look into the accident，Li Lei made up a story
16、 that there was a flash of light around his car when the accident occurred.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1“表语be主语”的完全倒装结构Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.许多老人和孩子正站在街道两旁。Standing_on_both_sides_of_the_street_are_many_old_people and children.2.状语从句的省略When asked ab
17、out the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson.当被要求回答问题时，请大声点。When_called_upon_to_answer_a_question，please speak louder.3.Sb./Sth.be said to do sth.“据说”The Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.(2017全国卷满分作文)据说一些世界著名的队员将被邀请来讲课。So
18、me famous players from the world are_said_to_be_invited to give lessons.1puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的(1)puzzle n谜，令人费解的事 vt.使迷惑，使困惑be a puzzle to.对是个谜或难题be in a puzzle about/over 对迷惑不解puzzle about/over sth.苦苦思索某事(2)be puzzled about/over 对感到困惑be puzzled how to do it不知如何做此事begin to get a bit puzzled 开始变得有点困惑be
19、 in a puzzle as to what to do next不知道下一步该做什么be puzzled over the problem for hours长时间苦思这个问题基础练习单句语法填空What puzzles you is actually a puzzle to many parents in China.These scientists have been puzzling about/over how to solve the environmental problem.链接写作一句多译消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。The firemen were_puzzled_ab
20、out the cause of the fire.(puzzled)The firemen were_in_a_puzzle_about the cause of the fire.(puzzle n)What_puzzled_the_firemen was the cause of the fire.(puzzle v)名师点津过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled，confused，frightened，excited，surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look，voice，smile，expression，face等。2witn
21、ess n目击者，证人vt.目击，见证高考原句2020新高考全国卷 However，her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.(1)witness sth.目击/亲眼看到/见证某事witness to (doing) sth.作证证明(做)某事(2)be a witness to sth.是某事的目击者bear/give witness to 为作证a material witness in the case本案的重要目击证人bear witness to his
22、innocence 为他的清白作证witness to her trustworthiness证明她是可以信赖的基础练习单句语法填空She witnessed to having seen the man near the scene of the crime.His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.链接写作一句多译警方希望任何目击这起事故的人都能给他们打电话。The police would like anyone who_witnessed_the_accident to call them.(witness
23、 v)The police would like anyone who_was_a_witness_to_the_accident to call them.(witness n)The police would like anyone witnessing_the_accident to call them.(用现在分词短语作定语)名师点津see，witness，find等一些动词，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事 。这是一种拟人修辞法。3assume vt.假定；认为(1)assume that.设想/认为assume sb./sth.to be.认为某
24、人/某物是Its assumed that.人们普遍认为(2)assuming that.假设/假定(3)assumption n假定，设想on the assumption that.假定assume this to be true 假定这是真的assume that this situation will continue认为这种情况将持续下去assume an expression of regret装出后悔的样子基础练习单句语法填空It is_assumed(assume) that stress is caused by too much work.(2019江苏卷)A though
25、tful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption(assume) that they might make a nice blowup for one of the visitors centers.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)If you are interested in it，please send an email to 123456.(高级表达)Assuming_(that)_you_are_interested_in_it，please send an email
26、 to 123456.(assume)(普通表达) We assume that he is an honest boy.(高级表达)We assume him_to_be an honest boy.名师点津有些词看上去是现在分词或过去分词，其实用作介词或连词。常见的有：supposing conj.假设；如果；provided/providing conj.假设；如果；given prep.鉴于；考虑到；considering prep.& conj.鉴于；考虑到；concerning prep.关于。4occur vi.发生高考原句2020全国卷 We are the products
27、of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.(1)sth.occur(s) to sb.某人突然想起某事it occurs to sb.that.某人突然想起it occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想到要做某事(2)occurrence n发生；事件；出现if anything should occur如果发生什么事情的话occurred at about 3：30 pm.发生在下午3点30分左右be of frequent/rare occurrence是常/少有的基础练习单句
28、语法填空A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.It never occurred to her to_ask(ask) for help when she was in trouble.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)When I got home，I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.(高级表达)When I got home，it_occurred_to_me_that I had left my book in the classro
29、om.(occur)(高级表达)When I got home，it_struck/hit_me_that I had left my book in the classroom.(strike/hit)名师点津表示“某人想起”的短语还有：sth.strike/hit sb.sb.hit/strike on sth.e to sb.e into ones mind等。5base n基地，大本营；底部；基础vt.以为基础高考原句2020全国卷 The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based
30、 on our present mental register.(1)base.on/upon.把建立在基础之上be based on/upon.以为基础；依据(2)basis n基础；基准，准则(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的have a broad base of support得到广泛支持set up a new base in the north在北方设立新的基地be based on solid facts基于确凿的事实基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)Stars apparently do not follow this basic(base) principle of
31、 sportsmanship.Basing(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.(高级表达)Based_on_trust，the restaurant is working all right.(用过去分词短语作状语)6award n奖，奖品，奖金vt.授予，奖励高考原句2020江苏卷 Wilso
32、n received several international awards for his great contributions.(1)award sth.to sb.award sb.sth.把某物颁发给/判给某人award sb.sth.for.因而奖励某人某物(2)win/receive/get an award for.因而赢得/得到/获得奖项award John the first prize授予约翰一等奖give an award of $900 to each of the winners给予每位获胜者900美元奖励receive an award for his life
33、time of work as a director 获得导演终生成就奖基础练习单句语法填空(2018天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.She won an award for her outstanding performance.She was_awarded(award) a gold medal for her outstanding service to the public.链接写作一句多译主席给她颁发了金牌。The chairman awar
34、ded_her_the_gold_medal.The chairman awarded_the_gold_medal_to her.名师点津要表示多少奖金，通常用“an award of钱数”。7convince vt.使确信，使相信高考原句2020全国卷 He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green，but he has no doubt about it.(1)convince sb.that.使某人相信convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事convince sb.of sth.使某人相
35、信某事(2)be convinced of.确信；相信be convinced that.确信；相信it is convinced that.人们相信convince sb.by sound arguments以理服人convince him that he is nothing 使他相信自己并非什么大人物convince the students of the need for wider reading 让学生们认识到广泛阅读的必要性be convinced of her innocence确信她是无辜的基础练习单句语法填空(2019全国卷)Im a Chinese college stu
36、dent majoring in art and Im studying in London now，so I am_convinced(convince) that I can be a devoted volunteer.But we failed to convince him of his mistake.I wanted to know what convinced you to_vote(vote) for him.链接写作句式升级(普通表达) He is convinced of the truth of the report.(高级表达)He is convinced that
37、 the_report_is_true.(普通表达)He was convinced of its truth，and he felt pleased.(高级表达)Convinced_of_its_truth，he felt pleased.(用过去分词短语作状语)8survive vi.& vt.生存，挺过(难关)survive sth.幸免于，在中幸存下来survive on 靠生存下来survive from 从留存下来；流传下来A survive B (by.)A比B活得长(几年)survival n生存；残存物survive two world wars经历了两次世界大战而幸存下来s
38、urvive on roots and berries 靠吃树根和浆果维持生命poor people struggling to survive 为生存而挣扎着的穷人基础练习单句语法填空Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.I dont know how you all manage to survive on Jeremys salary.链接写作完成句子据说这位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。Its said that the woman survived_her_husband_by 10 years.名师点津surviv
39、e表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from或in。9show up 出现，现身高考原句2020天津卷I dont know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school，but one day I chanced to show up for an afterschool meeting of the Science Olympiad team.(1)show off 炫耀，卖弄show sb.in/out 领某人进来/出去show sb.around/round 领某人参观
40、(2)be on show 在展览，陈列show up his weak points in physics显现出他在物理方面的弱点show his parents up rather badly 给他父母丢尽了脸show off his abilities 卖弄他的才能基础练习单句语法填空Mike has only driven to the pub to show off his new carhe usually walks.Mr.Green is on his way here.Please show him in as soon as he arrives.链接写作完成句子我们商量好
41、在体育馆见面，但Larry没有来。We had agreed to meet at the gym，but Larry didnt_show_up.10make up 编造，杜撰；构成make up for (用其他方式)弥补；补偿be made up of(consist ofbe composed of) 由组成/构成make out 辨认出；理解，明白；开(写)支票make way for 为让路make it 成功；约定时间make up stories to amuse his little brother 编故事逗他的小弟弟make up what you lack in your
42、 diet 补充你食物中所缺乏的营养make up to you for what youve suffered 补偿你所遭受的损害make out what he is saying 理解他在说什么基础练习写出下列句中make up的含义He made up an excuse to explain why he was late.编造As far as I know，boys make up 40% of your class.组成；占据Now many girls like making up when they are still quite young.化妆After they qu
43、arreled many times，its hard for them to make up.和好Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？补上链接写作一句多译这个团队由五个人组成。The team is_made_up_of five people.(make)The team consists_of five people.(consist)The team is_composed_of five people.(compose)名师点津make up表示“组成，构成”时，其被动语态为be made up
44、 of，而不是be made up by。11look into调查；审查look to 照看；留心；指望look on 旁观；观看look out 留神；朝外看look after 照顾；照看look back (on) 回顾；追忆look into the box朝箱子里面看look into the matter till the truth is out 调查那件事直至真相大白look into how to reduce unemployment 研究如何降低失业率look to you to support me in this matter 在这件事上我要靠你支持基础练习单句语法
45、填空She has always looked to her parents for advice.When I look back on my childhood I wonder how I managed to survive at all.链接写作完成句子你的投诉正在调查之中。如果有事需要通报，我们会给你写信的。Your complaint is_being_looked_into.When we have anything to report，we will write to you.12(教材P2) Standing inside were lots of strange crea
46、tures with white skin and large black eyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。句型公式该句为完全倒装句，其结构为“现在分词地点状语be主语”。正常语序是：Lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside.。(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语be主语”。(2)表示处所、方位等的副词或介词，如he
47、re，there，now，then，up，down，in，out，off等放在句首，且主语是名词，谓语通常是be，lie，sit，stand，come，go，exist，live等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。金句推送(2018全国卷写作佳句)Present at the movie watching were the school headmaster，teachers，students and some of the students parents.观看电影的有校长、老师、学生和一些学生的家长。基础练习单句语法填空Buried(bury) in the earth was a jar w
48、ith lots of ancient coins in it.Once upon a time there lived(live) a doctor known by the name of Hua Tuo.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)At noon they got to a hill，and a temple，dating back to hundreds of years ago，stood on its top.(高级表达)At noon they got to a hill，on_top_of_which_stood_a_temple，dating back to hundreds
49、 of years ago.(用定语从句并倒装)13(教材P3) When asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson.当被问及贾斯廷被外星人带走的可能性时，侦探萨姆彼得森句型公式句中When asked about.为时间状语从句When he was asked about.的省略形式。状语从句的省略形式为“连词名词、形容词、过去分词、现在分词、不定式等 ”。(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有动词be时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。(2)当从句中
50、含有itbe时，可将it和be省略。(3)掌握下列短语：if any如果有的话；if so如果是这样的话；if ever如果曾经有的话；if not如果不这样的话。金句推送(2019全国卷) You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.在设定目标时，你必须牢记这些要点。基础练习单句语法填空Though surprised(surprise) to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome.I struggle for words when asked(ask) a sudd
51、en question.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If so，wed better take it to the garage immediately.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)You should stay where you are，unless you are asked to leave.(高级表达)You should stay where you are，unless asked_to_leave.(省略形式)14(教材P18) The Yeti is said to be a large，hai
52、ry animal that walks on two feet like a human being.据说，野人体格高大多毛，像人类一样用两只脚行走。高考原句2020全国卷The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.句型公式本句中用了“主语be said to do sth.”句型，意为“据说，人们说”。(1)be said to do sth.可与It is said that./People say that.互换。(2)有上述用法的动
53、词有：believe，expect，report，consider，know，suppose，judge，agree，prove等，其中不定式根据句子意思可用一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)三种形式。金句推送(2018全国卷满分作文)Arriving at your friends home early is believed to be polite in China.在中国，早到朋友的家被认为是有礼貌的。基础练习单句语法填空He is said to_be_studying(study) abroad，but I dont know
54、 which country he is studying in.Mo Yans novels are reported to_have_been_translated (translate) into many different languages so far.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)People say that Jack Ma possesses a fortune of more than 30 billion dollars.(高级表达)It_is_said_that Jack Ma possesses a fortune of more than 30 billion do
55、llars. (高级表达)Jack Ma is_said_to_possess a fortune of more than 30 billion dollars.夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1When I asked what she thought of the poem，she said it was indeed puzzling_ (puzzle)2The old scientist was_awarded(award) for his contributions to his country last week.3Suddenly a good idea occurr
56、ed(occur) to her，but she didnt know how to speak it out.4Seated(seat) on the ground was a girl playing the guitar.5As an old teacher he has_witnessed(witness) the great changes that have taken place in the school in the past thirty years.6Many a new house is_reported(report) to have been built in th
57、e disaster area now.7If admitted(admit)，I will do all I can to do the work well.8A working party has been set up to_look(look)into the problem.9Marriages based (base) on money rather than love are bound to end in divorce sooner or later.10There was a car crash yesterday，and of the six people injured
58、，only two survived(survive).在空白处填入一个适当的词。1It was assumed that all humankind could do was adapt to the rapidly changing conditions.2Let me，as a witness，tell them what happened so that they will not be wrongly informed.3I plan to organize an outing this weekend and I would be very pleased if you can s
59、how up on time.4You need to convince the interviewers of your ability to do the job well.5In the old days many poor people had to survive on roots and berries.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。1Assumed that the advice is accepted，when are we going to get the money？AssumedAssuming2She had a puzzling look on her face w
60、hen she couldnt work out the maths problem.puzzlingpuzzled3That occurred to me that I hadnt paid back the money I borrowed from you.ThatIt4There are concerns that these animals may not survive from the winter.去掉from5The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if carrying out regularly，can i
61、mprove our health.carryingcarried查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1This allows them to respond more appropriately (appropriate) to the user.2The gap year is flexible in length (long)3I attended a small club belonging (belong) to the local community.4Police are investigating the disappearance(disappear)of a youn
62、g woman.5The exercises are designed to_strengthen (strengthen) your stomach muscles.6Luckily she was not badly injured (injure) and we sent her to the nearest hospital.7His only chance of survival/surviving (survive) was a heart transplant.8I chanced to_meet(meet) Mary in school，then I gave her the
63、book.9We dont hope to see children denied(deny) nothing in their families，for children can be easily spoiled.10The bridge designed by the famous architect is under construction(construct) now.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1Some strange ideas existed in his mind.2It was getting dark and we made our way to the railway
64、 station，arriving there just in time for our train.3As far as I can see，there is no possibility that well see him this weekend.4Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.5Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month.强技提能语言应用.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。Yesterd
65、ay afternoon，a 1.puzzling(puzzle) incident occurred near a tall bridge which is under construction.A bus which was due to arrive 2.in half an hour arrived earlier.When an astronomer wanted to go aboard the bus，a detective came to stop him and tried 3.to_convince(convince) him that if the astronomer
66、could make some 4.statements(statement)，he would get the award 5.belonging(belong) to him.However，the astronomer didnt accept his advice.The astronomer was about to get on the bus 6.when a bright light flashed.Strangely the bus and the astronomer disappeared.A journalist 7.who was making his way hom
67、e happened to see it.Dozens of other witnesses provided the police with the same evidence.But no one could 8.exactly(exact) say where the bus and the astronomer had gone.A Mr.Wang，9.taking (take) charge of the amazing incident，is looking into it with his men at present. Many people assume that alien
68、s showed 10.up，but I think the truth will be discovered.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)世界上存在着很多令人困惑的和令人惊奇的现象。Many puzzling_and_amazing phenomena exist_in_the_world.这些现象无法用现在的科学来解释。These phenomena cannot_be_explained by todays science.最近几年，有些人说他们目睹了类似UFO的东西。In recent years，some people say that they
69、have_witnessed something similar to UFO.人们相信有外太空生物存在的可能性。People are_convinced that there_is_possibility_of_the_existence of outer space creatures.这需要科学家们进一步地仔细观察这些现象并做出调查。It needs scientists to_observe_these_phenomena carefully and look_into_them.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)先利用完全倒装句升级1中的句，再利用限制性定
70、语从句合并1中的句There_exist_many_puzzling_and_amazing_phenomena_in_the_world_which/that_cannot_be_explained_by_todays_science.(2)先利用be said to do.升级1中的句，再利用连词so合并1中的句In_recent_years，some_people_are_said_to_have_witnessed_something_similar _to_UFO，so_people_are_convinced_that_there_is_possibility_of_the_exi
71、stence_of_ outer_space_creatures.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)There exist many puzzling and amazing phenomena in the world which/that cannot be explained by todays science.In recent years，some people are said to have witnessed something similar to UFO，so people are convinced that there is possibility of the existence of outer space creatures.However，it needs scientists to observe these phenomena carefully and look into them.
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