1、常作表语的现在分词和过去分词有：interesting,exciting,surprising,shocking,astonishing,puzzling,worrying,frighteninginterested,excited,surprised,shocked,astonished,puzzled,worried,frightened2.Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old boy who went missing three days ago in Dover,New Hampshi
2、re.美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。step up 增加，加速，提高e.g.He has to step up his training to prepare for the race.他为准备那场赛跑不得不加强训练。词语拓展：step forward 走上前来，跨前一步step back （由于吃惊）后退一步step inside(in)进屋里来step into 进入里面step by step 一步步地out of step 合不上步子take step(a step)采取措施，走（一步）go missing 失踪 此处go为系动词。go
3、+adj.(become+adj.)如：e.g.He went/became crazy when he found out that he had failed the exam.当他发现他考试不及格时，他变得疯狂了。The heat has caused the milk to go sour.天气热了，牛奶坏了。3.This incident has received great interest due to reports of 该事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是报道。due to(because of,caused by)由于，因而造成 e.g.His disappearance
4、was due to the storm.他的失踪是风暴造成的。Due to his rudeness,I didnt say one more word to him.由于他的粗鲁，我没再和他多说一句话。Due to illness,the scheduled visit to a factory has been put off.由于生病 安排去工厂的参观被取消了。The teams success was largely due toher efforts.该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。due 还有其他含义：1)到期（应偿付，付给）e.g.The electricity bill
5、 is due tomorrow.电费明天到期。2)定于（某时）到达e.g.Our train is due in Paris at 2 p.m.我们的火车下午两点到达巴黎。(1)due to+n.(pron.)在句中作状语，不可置于句首，如要放在句首用owing to或because of。e.g.Owing to busy work,I dont have time to go to the club.由于工作繁忙,我没有时间去俱乐部(2)due to 在句中还可作表语或定语。e.g.The wage due to him will be paid tomorrow.他的工资明天发。4.K
6、elly then ran,she assumed that Kelly was having a bad dream and sent her back to bed.凯莉然后跑去，她认为凯莉只是做了个恶梦，于是将她打发回床上。assume vt.假定，认为e.g.We cant assume anything in this case.在这种情况下我们不可能作出假设。5.Mr.Foster was working that night on his road construction job,and was not home when these events occurred.福斯特先生
7、当晚忙于他的道路建设工作，事件发生时并不在家。construction n.施工；建筑物e.g.The building is a peculiarly shaped construction.这是一栋造型独特的建筑物。occur vi.发生e.g.I hope this wont occur again.我希望不要再发生这种事情。Police said the accident occurred about 4.30 p.m.警方说事故大概在下午4点半发生。6.When Justin did not show up for lunch the next day 第二天午饭时贾斯廷仍未露面，s
8、how up 出现，露面e.g.He promised to come on Tuesday but he never showed up.他答应星期二来，可是一直未露面。show up 还有其他含义：1.You showed him up by calling him by his nick name in front of his girlfriend.(make sb.embarrassed)2.The sunlight showed up the marks on the glass.(make sth.become visible)show的相关词组show ones face 出席
9、；露面；出现show off1)炫耀，夸耀；卖弄2)显示；渲染（某物的优点）show up a fraud 揭发一件欺诈行为7.The aliens took me aboard the UFO so that they could do research on me.那些外星人将我劫持到飞船上，以便他们能在我身上做研究。aboard adv./prep.在（飞机等）上，上（轮船，飞机，火车等）e.g.They were all aboard the ship last night.昨天夜里他们都在船上。8.When asked about the possibility that Detec
10、tive Sam Peterson,who has taken charge of the case,当被问及的可能性时，负责调查此案的萨姆 彼得森侦探 possibility n.可能性e.g.There is a strong possibility that they will win the next election.他们很可能在下次选举中获胜。take charge of 控制，掌管，担负责任e.g.The department was badly organized until she took charge of it.这个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。The police
11、man said he would take charge of the gun.那个警察说他来看管这支枪。9.Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.人们有时候编造出这类奇异的故事。make up 编造e.g.Tom makes up stories to amuse his little brother.汤姆编故事逗他的小弟弟。make up 还有其他含义：1)弥补，补偿e.g.I feel I have been mean to you,I want to make it up to you.我是有意这样对你，我杨弥补你。2)凑足e.g
12、.The toy cost a dollar and Ted only had fifty cents,so his dad made up the difference.这个玩具一美元，而泰德只有五十美分，所以他爸爸给他凑足了。3)化妆e.g.It didnt take her long to make up.化妆没有花费她很长时间。4)组成e.g.Girls make up 45%of the student population in our school.女生占我校总生数的45%。10.So,while we have not dismissed the idea,we are loo
13、king into other possibilities as well.所以尽管我们不排除这种想法，但我们也在调查其他的可能性。dismiss vt.不予考虑，解雇，解散e.g.Their evidence was dismissed as completely useless.他们的证据因为完全无价值而不予考虑。look into 深入的检查，调查，研究e.g.The government will look into how to reduce unemployment.政府将研究如何降低失业率。The police are looking into the records of al
14、l those involved in the crime.警方正在调查所有涉及到犯罪的记录。难句解析1.Justin Forster,a high school student,went missing last Friday night.中学生贾斯廷.福斯特在星期五晚上失踪。【分析讲解】同位语：一个名词（或其他形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明，这个名词（或其他形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常紧挨在一起。2.Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white-skinned,and large
15、black eyes.飞船里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又大又黑的奇怪生物。【分析讲解】这是一个倒装句，主语是lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes。当方位副词或表示方位的介词短语提前时，整个句子全部倒装。e.g.By Mr.Greens side sat his faithful dog.格林先生的旁边蹲着他的忠实的狗。1.Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45 p.m.【考点】see，hear，watch，obs
16、erve，notice，feel，look at，listen to等感官动词（词组）see，hear，watch，observe，notice，feel，look at，listen to等感官动词（词组）后面的宾语补足语有三种形式：动词原形（不带to的不定式）、V-ing形式和V-ed形式。动词原形表示动作的主动和完成；V-ing形式表示动作的主动或正在进行；V-ed形式表示动作的被动或完成。1 After a knock at the door,the child heard his mothers voice _ him.A.calling B.called C.being calle
17、d D.to call【点拨】V-ing短语calling him作宾语补足语，表示动作的主动和正在进行。2 In the dream Peter saw himself _ by a fierce wolf,and he woke suddenly with a start.A.chased B.to be chased C.be chased D.having been chased【点拨】V-ed形式chased作宾语补足语，表示被动。2.Luckily,they returned me home without any injuries.【考点】有些副词或副词短语置于句首，可修饰全句，
18、作状语。1 _,some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.A.Strangely enough B.Enough strangely C.Strange enough D.Enough strange【点拨】enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置，而表示感情或态度的副词可以修饰整个句子，故选A。2 Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._,neither of them could swim.A.In fact B.LuckilyC.
19、Unfortunately D.Naturally【点拨】句意：两位中年乘客掉进海里。不幸的是，他俩都不会游泳。根据句意可以确定选C。3.Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.【考点】make up有“编造，补上，组成，和解”等意思。e.g.Boys make up 52%of the students.男生占学生人数的52。Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?我今天下午早点走，明天补上这段时间，可以吗？Why dont you shake hands and make up?你们干嘛不握手言和呢？Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes.A.turning up B.putting upC.making up D.showing up【点拨】句意：村里人都喜欢杰克，因为他擅长讲笑话、编笑话。此题考查的是短语动词辨析。turn up开大音量，出现;put up举起，挂起；show up出现，露面。Do Language practice of Exercise Book.
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