1、Unit 3 Sports and FitnessDiscovering Useful Structures 附加疑问句(Tag questions)语法精讲思维构建【语法感知】观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能和构成:1.This isnt your first time here,is it?2.Youve lost some weight,havent you?3.OK,but it wont make me too tired,will it?4.I dont have to come here every day,do I?【归纳填空】附加疑问句的构成:_+_陈述部分附加疑问部分【
2、语法精讲】附加疑问部分附加在陈述句之后,对陈述句所表示的事实或观点提出疑问。附加疑问句实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句。1.附加反意疑问句的结构:陈述部分(主语+谓语.),+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语(代词形式)?(1)陈述部分如果是肯定句,其附加疑问部分用否定式提问(助动词/情态动词/be动词+not)。*He has attended seven international events so far,hasnt he?到目前为止,他已经参加过七次国际赛事,是吗?*You will come to China for the summer vacation,wont you?你将来中国度
3、过暑假,是吗?【名师点津】have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中作谓语有具体实义动词的意义时,其反意疑问部分的助动词要用do,does,did。例如:*They had a meeting just now,didnt they?他们刚才开了个会,是吗?everything,anything,something,nothing等不定代词作主语时,附加疑问部分的主语用it。*Something will have to be done about the price,wont it?得想点办法解决价格问题,不是吗?everybody,everyone,someone,nobody,no
4、 one,somebody等作主语时,附加疑问部分中的主语通常用they,也可用he。*Somebody phoned while I was out,didnt they?有人在我外出的时候打电话了,是吗?(2)陈述部分是否定句,其附加疑问部分用肯定形式提问。*People shouldnt drop litter on the pavements,should they?人们不应该在路面上乱扔垃圾,是吗?【即学活用】(1)Jack has coffee with breakfast,_?(2)Some plants never blow(开花),_?(3)Your brother has
5、gone to the library,_?(5)He is your teacher,_?(5)You found the key in the bedroom,_?(6)Everything has been ready,_?doesnt hedo theyhasnt heisnt hedidnt youhasnt it2.某些特殊句型的反意疑问句:(1)祈使句的反意疑问句:表示肯定意义的祈使句,即表示“请求,提示”,其附加疑问部分用will you 表达,有时也可以用wont you 表示。*Do be careful when crossing the road,will you?过马
6、路的时候一定要小心,好吗?否定祈使句:以Dont开始的祈使句:表示“不要”,用will you 提问。*Dont forget to pay your income tax,will you?不要忘了上交你的收入税,好吗?Lets引导的祈使句表示“建议”,附加疑问部分用shall we?*Lets set an example to the junior students,shall we?让我们给中学生树立榜样,好吗?Let me或 Let us引导的祈使句表示“请求”,附加疑问部分为will you?*Let us do it by ourselves,will you?我们独自做这件事,
7、好吗?*Let me have a try again,will you?让我再尝试一次,好吗?(2)感叹句的反意疑问句,一律用否定式提问:*What great progress he has made in such a short time,hasnt he?他在这么短的时间取得了很大的进步啊,是吗?(3)陈述句含有情态动词must有两种情况:must表示“必须”,附加疑问部分为mustnt/neednt.?*You must work hard at English,mustnt you?你必须努力学英语,是吧?must表示推测,其疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相呼应。a.对现
8、在动作或存在的情况的推测:*He must be studying in the library now,isnt he?他现在一定在图书馆学习,是吗?b.对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推测:*You must have studied English for five years,havent you?/didnt you?你学英语一定有五年了吧,是吗?*She must have finished the report yesterday,didnt she?她一定是昨天完成的报告,是吗?(4)陈述部分中有否定副词:hardly;never;seldom;little;few;nowher
9、e;nothing等词,附加疑问部分用肯定式提问:*He can hardly finish the task in such a short time,can he?他在这么短的时间里几乎完不成这个任务,是吗?【知识延伸】否定含义的动词或带有否定前缀的形容词等不视为否定词。*He dislikes the sports,doesnt he?他不喜欢运动,不是吗?*The meeting is unimportant,isnt it?这次会议不重要,不是吗?(5)陈述部分是主从复合句时,附加疑问部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。*She doesnt think that To
10、m sings best in the class,does she?她认为汤姆不是班里唱得最好的,是吗?*She is a professor who is learned and warm-hearted,isnt she?她是一位博学热心的教授,是吗?【名师点津】否定转移陈述部分的主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致;主句的主语为第二、三人称时,后面的疑问部分与主句的主语、谓语一致。注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。*We believe she can d
11、o it better,cant she?我们相信她能做得更好,是吗?*I didnt think he is fit for the work,is he?我认为他不适合这项工作,是吗?【即学活用】(1)There wont be any trouble,_?(2)Your mother must be an actress,_?(3)What beautiful weather it is today,_?(4)Tom doesnt believe it is true,_?(5)You must have seen the film last week,_?(6)Lets dont me
12、et at the airport,_?will thereisnt sheisnt itdoes hedidnt youshall we3.反意疑问句的回答(1)对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。He likes playing football,doesnt he?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.他喜欢踢足球,是吗?是的,他喜欢。/不是,他不喜欢。(2)当陈述部分是否定结构,附加疑问部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反。这种回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。His sister
13、didnt attend the meeting,did she?Yes,she did./No,she didnt.他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?不,她参加了。/是的,她没参加。【巧学助记】反意疑问句速记口诀反意疑问并不难,陈述疑问句中含。前后肯否恰相反,否定词缀不能算。主谓时态要一致,特殊情况记心田。实际情况来回答,再把yes和no练。.选词填空1.Everyone knows the answer,_ they?(do/dont)2.My father had to work very late when he was young,_ he?(hadnt/didnt)3.Looking go
14、od is important to women,isnt_?(this/it)4.There were many people in the room then,werent _?(there/they)5.The thief must have entered through the back door,_ he?(mustnt/didnt)学情诊断课堂测评dontdidntittheredidnt6.They all had a good time there,_ they?(hadnt/didnt)7.He must do the job,_ he?(mustnt/doesnt)8.D
15、ont open the door,_ you?(will/do)9.It is impossible for him to make such a mistake,_ it?(is/isnt)10.Youve lived in Hollywood for many years,_ you?(havent/have)didntmustntwillisnthavent.完成下列反意疑问句,每空一词1.What a long time we have been waiting,_ _?2.The children find it hard to get used to the new life,_
16、 _?3.Everything goes all right,_ _?4.Its not acceptable to talk with your mouth full of food at table,_ _?5.She didnt turn up until you were about to leave,_ _?havent wedont theydoesnt itis itdid she6.He used to drink tea when he lived in the countryside,_ _?7.I think he will take part in the volunt
17、eer activity,_ _?8.You have never seen such an interesting movie,_ _?9.They have little difficulty finding the way to the park,_ _?10.Dont go near the bank of the river,_ _?usednt/didnt hewont hehave youdo theywill you【语法主题应用】使用本单元所学语法知识翻译句子1.健康比财富重要,是不是?2.为了保持健康,我们需要定期锻炼,对吗?3.让我们去体育馆做些体操训练,好吗?4.体操训
18、练能增强我们的力气,塑造我们优美的体形,是吗?5.但是锻炼需要巨大的决心,是吗?【参考答案】1.Fitness is more important than wealth,isnt it?2.To keep healthy,we should work out regularly,shouldnt we?3.Lets go to gym to do gymnastics,shall we?4.Gymnastics can build up our strength and make us have a graceful figure,cant they?5.However,exercise needs great determination,doesnt it?