1、第九讲 需要“上下求索”的文章出处题文章出处题要求考生根据文章所讲述的内容，如广告、科普知识、新闻报导、教育等话题，推测文章节选何处。(2013陕西卷)About 30 years ago，I left Cuba for the United States with my son.After getting settled finally in Brunswick，New Jersey，I enrolled(注册)my son in kindergarten.Several weeks later，my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his offi
2、ce.In the teachers office，an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”Was he talking about my wonderful Scola？No，no，it cant be.What a helpless，lonely moment！I told him that Scola was a quiet，sweet littl
3、e boy，instead.I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.My son could not follow the teachers directions，he told me，and thus，Scola was disrupting the class.Didnt he know my son did not speak English yet?He was angry：“Why hasnt your son been taught to speak English？Dont you speak English at
4、 home？”No，I didnt speak English at home，I replied.I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months，and I didnt want him to forget his native language.Well，wrong answer！What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all times？“Are you one of those people who come
5、to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country，never wanting to be a part of this society？”Needless to say，I tried to tell him I was not one of“those people”Then he told me the meeting was over，and I left.As I had expected，my son learned to speak English fluently before the scho
6、ol year was over.He went on to graduate from college and got a job，earning close to six figures.He travels widely and leads a welladjusted，contented life.And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others；it teaches people about oth
7、er cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the“educator”I met in New Jersey.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过讲述自己的儿子上学前班不会讲英语的经历，表达了多学习一门语言对孩子的终身发展是有好处的观点。1The teacher asked the author to his office_.Ato discuss Scolas inclass performanceBto get Scola enrolled in kindergartenCto f
8、ind a language partner for ScolaDto work out a study plan for Scola解析：细节理解题。从文章第一段最后一句“Several weeks later，my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.”和第二段中老师问的两个问题“Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？可知作者孩子的老师是让作者去讨论孩子在班里的表现。由文章第一段第二句中的“I enr
9、olled”可知作者早就给儿子注册了，故B项不正确；老师没有意识到是作者孩子的语言有问题，所以C项和D项也不正确。答案：A2What does the underlined word“disrupting”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?ABreaking.BFollowing.CAttending.DDisturbing.解析：词义猜测题。由前面的“My son could not follow the teachers directions”可知作者的孩子听不懂老师的指示，因此“干扰”了课堂，所以该词的意思为“disturbing”。答案：D3The author
10、s attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as_.Acritical BcasualCpositive Dpassive解 析：观 点 态 度 题。从 文 章 倒 数 第 三 段 中 的“Needless to say，I tried to tell him I was not one of those people.”和文章倒数第二段中的“And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)”可知作者对双语持“肯定的”态度。答案：C4 This text is likely to
11、be selected from a book of _.Amedicine BeducationCgeography Dhistory解析：文章出处题。该文章讲述了在教育中双语教学的益处，因此该文章应该是出自教育类书籍，而不是医药书，也不是地理或者历史方面的书籍。答案：B推测文章的来源或者推测读者对象要求读者本身要具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身已经具备的常识结合起来。比如读者本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、童话、广告、教材、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等有基本的了解，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出最佳答案。例如真题示例第4题为文章出处题。该文章讲述了在教育中
12、双语教学的益处，因此该文章应该是出自教育类书籍，而不是医药书，也不是地理或者历史方面的书籍，故B项正确。Test 1(2013湖北省武汉名校高三第二次调研)Teachers and parents usually call attention to the pictures when they read storybooks to preschool children.But a new study suggests that calling attention to the words and letters on the page may lead to better readers.Th
13、e twoyear study compared children who were read in this way in class with children who were not.Those whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in reading，spelling and understanding.These results were found one year and even two years later.Shayne Piasta，an assistant
14、 professor of teaching and learning at Ohio State University，was an author of the study.Shesays most preschool teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in the way they teach.Theyalready read storybooks in class.The only difference would be increased attention to
15、the printed text.“If you get children to pay attention to letters and words，it makes sense that they will do better at word recognition and spelling.”But she says research suggests that very few parents and teachers do this in a systematic way.More than 300 children aged four and five were observed
16、in classrooms.They came from poor families and were below average in their language skills.For thirty weeks，the children took part in a program called Project STARSit Together and Read.Theproject is based at Ohio State.It tests the shortterm and longtermresults of reading regularly to preschool chil
17、dren in their classrooms.There are different ways that adults can talk to children about print.They can point to a letter and discuss it，and even trace the shape with a finger.They can point out a word and discuss the meaning of the print or how the words tell the story.And they can talk about the o
18、rganization of the printfor instance，showing how words are written left to right in English.语篇解读给学龄前儿童读书时，很多老师和父母关注的是图画，但研究表明，此时教孩子关注图片旁的单词更有利于培养孩子的拼写、阅读和理解的技能，而且老师只需稍微调整教学方式就能做到。1What do we know about the ways preschool children are usually taught?A Preference is given to the shape of letters and t
19、he organization of the print.BMore attention is paid to the pictures，with words and letters being ignored.CThe focus of the teaching is on bringing them up to be good readers.DEqual attention is paid to the texts and the pictures.解析：考查细节理解。第一段说老师和家长在给学龄前儿童读故事书的时候通常只注重图画，但一项新的研究表明，关注书页上的字母和单词能更好地培养孩子
20、们的阅读能力，由此可推断B项正确。答案：B2What does Shayne Piasta suggest preschool teachers should do in class?ATeach children how to draw pictures to get an idea of what they mean.B Adopt different methods according to the students difference in reading skills.CChange the way they teach and pay more attention to word
21、s and letters.D Read storybooks to children rather than explain the meaning of the pictures.解析：考查推理判断。由第三段中的“would need only a small change in the way they teach”和“If you get children to pay attention to letters and words.word recognition and spelling.”可知，C项正确。答案：C3Which of the following is TRUE abo
22、ut the study on language skills of preschool children?AMany teachers want to change their way of teaching pre school children.B Attention on the pictures has made the children uninterested in reading.C Teachers are often prevented from taking different approaches to language teaching.DProject STAR a
23、ims to research into the results of reading books to preschool children in the classroom.解析：考查细节理解。从第四段可知，STAR这一项目的目的是检测给学龄前儿童在课堂上定期阅读的短期和长期效果，因此选D。答案：D4Which section of a magazine does the passage probably come from?AFashion.BEconomy.CEducation.DEntertainment.解析：考查文章出处。文章主要讲述了一项关于学龄前儿童教育研究的新发现，故最可能
24、出现在教育这一版块。答案：CTest 2(2013湖北省黄冈市部分中学高三上学期统一调研考试)Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellitebased systems provide turnbyturn directions to help people get to where they want to go.But，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place
25、or leave you completely lost.Many times，the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a combination of the two.Barry Brown works in a research center studying human computer interaction，especially communications involving wireless devices.He talked abo
26、ut an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There he borrowed a GPSequipped car to use during his stay.“And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And，then it wasnt until they were driving for thirty minutes that they real
27、ized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They actually put their home address in.”Mister Brown says this is a common human error.But，he says，what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings，or failures，of GPS equipment.“One problem with a lo
28、t of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn，sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that its going to the wrong place.”“One of the things that struck us，perhap
29、s the most important thing was that you have to know what youre doing when you use a CPS.There are these new skills that people have developed.There are these new competencies that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.”Barry Brown says this goes against a common b
30、elief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational(导航的)skills.语篇解读GPS在给人们带来便利的同时，也存在着一些问题，了解问题所在才能使这项技术更好地为我们服务。5.Mister Brown says_makes his friends problem worse.Aa shortcoming of wireless devicesBa GPS errorChis friends carelessnessDa combination of GPS and human errors解析：考查细节理解
31、。根据文章第五段第一句话可知，Mister Brown认为他朋友的问题是一个很常见的人为失误，但他认为是人和GPS的问题使他朋友的问题更糟。答案：D6Mister Brown thinks the small screen is a problem of the GPS units in that_.Ait cant give the right direction to the destinationBit cant give enough detailed information the driver needsCit is difficult for drivers to see the
32、 picture clearlyDit cant tell the driver exactly where to take a turn解析：考查细节理解。根据第六段尤其是该段最后一句可知，GPS屏幕小，不能为司机提供一个知道它是否走错方向所需要的全景地图，即不能向司机提供足够多的信息。答案：B7We can infer from the passage that_.Aa combination of drivers carefulness and good GPS systems makes GPS work wellBmaking bigger screens is the best w
33、ay to improve GPS serviceCGPS systems sometimes go wrong because the driver has no necessary skillsDonly passive drivers need GPS units while driving解析：考查推理判断。文章提到，GPS之所以出问题，更多的是司机和GPS两者共同导致的，所以可推断出，司机的细心和GPS的改进能使GPS更好地为我们服务。B项中的“the best way”太绝对；根据倒数第二段中最后一句尤其是“these new competencies”可知C项错误；根据最后一段可知D项错误。答案：A8In what column of a newspaper can you read the passage?AEducation.BTechnology.CEntertainment.DScience.解析：考查推理判断。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了全球定位系统的相关信息，属于科技方面的知识，故此篇文章应出现在报纸的科技专栏里。答案：B
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