1、山东省济南市天桥区2016高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（5）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Many people influenced various aspects of my life, based on their personal characteristics, accomplishments, and values. I have been fortunate to have had numerous teachers and professors who I respect for their patience and intelligenc
2、e. There are artists that have inspired me by their natural talents and original creativity. I value many political leaders, who have inspired me by their contributions to society, and their ability to change our futures. But of all the people I have known in my life, the person I admire most is my
3、father. As the youngest girl in my family, I always considered myself to be “Daddys little girl”. While I grew up, it always made me sad to see so many of my friends and neighbors without a father or father-like figure around. This helped me appreciate how my father always takes an interest in his c
4、hildrens lives. In every aspect of my life my father continuously pushes me to excel, so I could accomplish my work outstandingly among my people. Whenever I feel like giving up, or have a question or a concern, I know I can always call on him for advice. From him I have also learned that sometimes
5、you have to put others needs ahead of your own, but you should make sure you are not taken advantage of by others. His strength seems to be unbreakable during hard times, and he is extremely determined to accomplish anything he sets his mind on, no matter how tiny it is. I highly respect him for how
6、 he stands up for what he believes in, and will never back down. I have always admired his open mind, compassion for people, and sense of understanding. He is a very reserved man, but to everybodys surprise, he has a great sense of humor, and always knows how to put a smile on the faces of his wife,
7、 his children and his friends. Living in his affection and instruction, I am very proud of my father. He also professes how proud he is of his children, and is still there to support us in whatever we are involved in. 36. What is the best title for the passage? A. How my father loved meB. My fathert
8、he person I admire mostC. I am the apple on my fathers palmD. My fatherthe one who influenced me most【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。全文的内容可知主要说的是父亲，根据the person I admire most is my father. 故选B。37. Which of the following could not be used to describe the authors father? A. Considerate and humorous B. Affectionate and
9、 open-mindedC. Knowledgeable and sociableD. Energetic and helpful【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据I have always admired his open mind, compassion for people, and sense of understanding. He is a very reserved man, but to everybodys surprise, he has a great sense of humor, and always knows how to put a smile on the f
10、aces of his wife, his children and his friends. 没有提到的是选项C的内容，故选C。38. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “excel”?A. Do better than others.B. Show off.C. Be cleverer than others.D. Keep healthy【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据so I could accomplish my work outstandingly among my people.可知做的比别人
11、好，故选A。39. According to the underlined part, the father was telling the author to _. A. try to be good to those who were worth making friends withB. try to take advantage of those who were friendly to herC. think about others and help them, so that she could make them serve herD. think about others a
12、nd help them, but not to be made use of in a negative way【答案】D【解析】句意理解题。你必须将他人的需求放在第一位,但是你要确保你不被别人利用。故选D。40. What can we infer about the author? A. She appreciated her father because he solved all the problems for her. B. She considered her father humorous and was often made to laugh by him. C. She
13、had sympathy for the fatherless. D. She was outstanding in work because her father pushed her hard.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据it always made me sad to see so many of my friends and neighbors without a father or father-like figure around.她同情那些没有父亲的孩子，故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。After inventing dynamites(
14、炸药), Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had ma
15、de worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony.Nobels original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this su
16、m is used for the awards which vary from $ 30,000 to $125,000.Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobels death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges decision. Americans have won numero
17、us science awards, but relatively few literature prizes.No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes. (from )1. What did the first award ceremony take place?A. 1895. B. 1901. C. 1962. D
18、. 1968.2. The Nobel prize was established to _.A. honor the inventor of dynamite B. recognize worthwhile contributions to humanityC. resolve political differences D. spend money3. In which area have Americans received the most awards?A. Literature. B. Economics. C. Peace. D. Science.4. Which of the
19、following statement is NOT true?A. Awards vary in money value.B. Ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobels invention.C. Politics can be of importance in selecting the winners.D. A few individuals have won two awards.1. B 计算题。根据文中第一段最后一句“Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven ye
20、ars after the first awards ceremony.”计算可得。2. B 细节题。根据短文第一段第二句“for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind”可得(from )。3. D 细节题。根据短文第三段“Americans have won numerous science awards”一句可得。4. D 事实判断题。根据短文第四段“Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare”一句判断可得。【广东省广州市2
21、014综合测试】The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britains great scientists, biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking, is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men. Surprisingly, they have rather more in common than we think.Most striking is th
22、e similarity in their backgrounds. They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families-not wealthy but comfortably off, with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service. Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University-and both succeeded, Dawkins studying zool
23、ogy and Hawking physics.Neither author has a very positive view of his early university life. Hawking describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work, “You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail. Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pre
24、tended that nothing was worth making an effort for.” He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student （本科生）.Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for Dawkins. Like Hawking, he wasnt particularly hard-working and never attended his lectures. But he foun
25、d Oxfords system of weekly essay-based lessons with an academic tutor useful, “It was really only the tutorial system that educated me.”For both men, scientific life really got going as postgraduates after 1962. Dawkins, who remained at Oxford, describes brilliantly the academic competition among th
26、e postgraduate students, which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book, The Selfish Gene. This volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinism evolution.Hawking, on the other hand, moved to Cambridge University after graduation, where his
27、 research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicists since Albert Einstein. He writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body, leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes. Although communi
28、cation is slow-he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine-his illness has not affected his mind or his research on space-time and origins of the universe.Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinker. Read together, they provide a super
29、b background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research.41. Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawkings and Dawkins backgrounds?A. They were both from wealthy families. B. They studied the same subject in university.C. They graduated from the same secondary school.
30、D. They both came from families that valued good education.42. Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student?A. He preferred doing his own research and experiments. B. Students considered it inappropriate to study too much.C. The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him
31、. D. He was more interested in making friends with his classmates.43. According to Dawkins, what helped him develop his most important ideas?A. His hard work as an undergraduate.B. The support he received from his family.C. The excellent tutors at Oxford University.D. The competition from other post
32、graduate students.44. What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage?A. Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate.B. Hawking is more respected by the scientific community.C. They knew each other during their studies a t Oxford.D. Hawing has experienced more
33、physical difficulties.45. What is the function of the last paragraph?A. To state which book the writer prefers.B. To recommend the reviewed books to readers.C. To summarize the achievements of the two scientists.D. To suggest the order in which the books should be read. 【参考答案】41-45 DBDDB阅读下列短文，从每题所给
34、的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。There was a famous temple on a high hill in Assam. The priest (神父) of this temple was widely respected. When he grew old, he started searching for a younger priest to replace him after his death. However, much to his disappointment, he could not find any suitable person. As th
35、e priest lay on his deathbed, he called his assistant and told him, “After my death, make sure that only a human being replaces me as the priest of this temple.” As soon as he said these words, he died.Information soon travelled far and wide. A day was set for the selection of the successor (继任者).Th
36、at day, many people started coming to the temple. The route to the temple was full of thorns (荆棘) and stones. By the time most people reached the temple, they had had cuts on their feet and hands.By afternoon, as the selection process was about to end, one young man walked slowly into the temple. Th
37、e assistant noticed him and said, “Young man, you are very late.” The man replied, “I know I am late, so I will not participate in the competition.” But the assistant was curious to know about this man. He asked again, “But how did you hurt yourself so badly? Didnt you follow the same route as the o
38、thers?” “I did,” replied the man, “but I thought I must remove the thorns and sharp stones from the path so that when people come to pray in this temple they wont get hurt.”Hearing this, the assistant smiled and said, Congratulations, you have been chosen.” This greatly annoyed the other participant
39、s. “How can you choose him as he has not gone through any of the tests?, they demanded.The assistant replied, “Our old priest used to say that only a human being knows how to watch for other peoples interests. All of you climbed the same path. But only this man thought about the others and cleared t
40、he path so that no one would get hurt. By this definition(定义), only he qualifies as a human being and therefore only he should be the successor to the great old priest. ”41.What happened immediately after the old priest died?A. The assistant took the old priests position.B. Many people climbed to th
41、e temple to say goodbye to him.C. The assistant shut the temple and started mourning for the old priest.D. Word spread that there was an urgent need for the old priests successor.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Information soon travelled far and wide. A day was set for the selection of the successor (继任者).故选D。42.W
42、hy was the young man late for the competition?A. He had forgotten his way and thus had taken a longer route to the temple.B. He removed all the sharp stones and thorns from the path leading to the temple.C. He offered water to the other participants on their way to the temple.D. He had forgotten all
43、 about the competition in the morning.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据I thought I must remove the thorns and sharp stones from the path so that when people come to pray in this temple they wont get hurt他把通往庙的路上的锋利的石头和荆棘都清除了，所以来晚了，故选B。43. Who got hurt when the participants came to the temple?A. None of the particip
44、ants.B. All of the participants.C. The man who was late.D. The other participants.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据By the time most people reached the temple, they had had cuts on their feet and hands.故选B。44.How did the other participants react to the assistants decision?A. The took it easy and learnt a lesson from
45、 the incident. B.They praised the assistant for being so wise and fair.C.They got angry and opposed the assistants decision.D.They felt ashamed of themselves and left immediately.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据This greatly annoyed the other participants.其他的人都很生气，故选C。45. What was the old priests definition of a hu
46、man being”?A.Someone who cares about other peoples interests.B.Someone who succeeds in life and earns a lot of money.C.Someone who removes sharp stones that block the path.D.Someone who knows how to make other people enjoy life.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Our old priest used to say that only a human being knows how to watch for other peoples interests.故选A。