1、北京市2015年高考英语阅读理解、书面表达三月自练（1）答案阅读理解【2013潍坊5月模拟】Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard，they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional wellbeingand its no surprise to health care professionals.“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are ver
2、y important for peoples wellbeing and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities，such as exercise and meditation，but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart di
3、sease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing，so a rested，relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact
4、 that taking a vacation has on ones mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer，a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation，even if it is a 24h
5、our timeout.” The trips could be good for their health，good for their family and good for their businesses.The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010，and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation daysbut only used 14 of them.France topped th
6、e list，with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued，but thats not always good for the individual，the family or the employer.Psychologists have also found that people
7、who dont take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this，the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker，making it actually more difficult to shift into lessstressed states，” Mulhern said.1How did the aut
8、hor introduce the topic of the text?ABy making comparisons.BBy giving an example.CBy raising questions.DBy providing data.2According to Natasha Withers，vacations can_.Aweaken reaction system Bcure serious diseasesCreduce the level of wellbeing Ddecrease the risk of heart disease3Expedias survey show
9、s that Americans_.Adislike family gatheringsBhave the shortest vacationCenjoy as many vacations as the FrenchDthink much of spending long hours on the job4What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AOne should never wait to relax.BWork and rest go against each other.CTime and opportunity wait for
10、no man.DA relaxed mind determines everything.5What is mainly talked about in the text?AWays to relax in ones free time.BThe benefits of taking time off.CDifferent opinions on holidays.DThe Hostetlers always on the go.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。1解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce
11、Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。答案：B2解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for peoples wellbeing and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。答案：D3解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans responses may not be surprising in a culture wher
12、e long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。答案：D4解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知，选A。A项意为“我们要及时休息”。答案：A5解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。答案：B阅读理解Prolonging human life has increased the size of th
13、e human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the populat
14、ion explosion.Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to
15、die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived, they could have another child. In most contemporary(当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We
16、have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retire
17、d people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illnesses than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.When older pe
18、ople become senile (衰老的) or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at ho
19、me who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (疗养的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, mos
20、t of them are simply “dumping (倒垃圾的) grounds” for the dying in which “care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under skilled personnel.6. The author believes that the population explosion results from _.A. an increase in birthrates B. the industrial developmentC. a decrease in death rates D. h
21、uman beings cultural advances 7. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures _.A. it was a moral responsibility for the families to keep alive the aged people who could not workB. the survival of infants was less important than that of their parents in times of starvat
22、ionC. old people were given the task of imparting the cultural wisdom of the tribe to new generationsD. death was celebrated as a time of rejoicing for an individual freed of the hardships of life 8. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the old people in the United State
23、s is true?A. Many of them live on social security money which is hardly enough.B. Minority of them remain in a state of near poverty after their retirement.C. When they reach a certain age, compulsory retirement is necessary and beneficial.D. With the growing inflation, they must suffer more from un
24、bearable burdens than ever.9. The phrase “this need” in paragraph 3 refers to _. A. prolonging the dying old peoples livesB. reducing the problems caused by the retired peopleC. making profits through caring for the sick or weak peopleD. taking care of the sick or weak people10. Which of the followi
25、ng best describes the authors attitude toward most of the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals?A. Sympathetic. B. Approving. C. Optimistic. D. Critical.【参考答案】610、CBADA 【2013界广东省惠州市模拟】基础写作（共1小题.满分15分）你接受了一项写作任务，用英语写一篇简短的报道。【写作内容】上周末，义工组织“绿色家园”在滨江公园开展了回收利用的宣传活动。活动内容如下,回收的必要性：日常生活中，找们常过度消费资源，如：各类包装
26、袋的使用回收的途径包装袋可多次使用等回收的作用：减少资源的消耗，保护环境【写作要求】只能使用五个句子表达全部内容。【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。参考词汇：绿色家园Green Home 过度消耗overconsumption 【参考范文】基础写作：（One possible version）In Binjiang Park last weekend, a voluntary organization called “Green Home” launched a campaign to promote recycling. As can be seen in our daily
27、 life, overconsumption of resources has become a common practice, making it urgent to arouse peoples awareness of recycling. There exists the popularity of various kinds of packing bags for goods and what we are supposed to do is to reuse them. In this way, we will consume less resource so the envir
28、onment is protected to some extent. Besides, if we try our utmost to recycle everything reusable in our life, we can also save some money.【2013界广东省惠州市模拟】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文Some post-80s graduates have given up the dream of working in a big city, and heading back home has becom
29、e part of future job consideration. Two of the more common ones are trying to avoid the intense competition and the pressure, and seeing unprecedented opportunities in the growing economies back home.Changping. a 22-year-old student from Hainan University, said that if he would decide on starting hi
30、s business, hed certainly return to his hometown, Xiangfan ，in Hubei Province. That was because he has his own network of people who could help him in every way. Also, he could get some good business ideas like setting up advanced kindergartens in small cities. If no one was doing that, the chance o
31、f being successful seemed higher.But Chen Haihua ，a college student from Guangzhou Medical College, said that she would plan to stick to a big city, Guangzhou, instead of going back to her hometown, Zhanjiang, in Guangdong Province. She wanted to struggle in the big city for a more exciting, better
32、life. She explained that she also could be a role model, letting the kids in her hometown work hard Io go to key universities.【写作内容】1.以约30个词概括该短文的内容；2.然后以约120个词谈谈你对就业方向的看法，内容包括： (1 ) 试分析在大城市和回家乡就业各自的有利因素； (2)如果你大学毕业了，你会选择在哪里就业？(3)选择的理由。【写作要求】 1.作文中可以使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不 得直接引用原文中的句了2.作文中不能
33、出现真实姓名和学校名称；【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇迮贯。【参考范文】读写任务：（One possible version） Post-80s graduates hold different views towards job choices. Some, like Changping, will head back home to avoid the competition and pressure in big cities, while others, like Chen haihua, would prefer to stay in big cities to se
34、ek a better job.Working in a big city is of course an exciting thing, which means better opportunities and more conveniences. Its easier to find a well-paid job or a better platform to improve oneself. While in a small town, where there are not so many elites to compete with, one can easily avoid th
35、e pressure from fierce competition in big cities to live a rather cosy life. As for me, a girl from a remote village, I would rather struggle in a big city like Shenzhen to make a living than go back to my hometown. Though hard, struggling itself may gain me enough experience of doing business. Therefore, after graduation, I will choose a big city as the start of my career. Thanks to the intense competition, I can grow into an experienced and competitive person, which does good to my later development.