1、Unit 2 Morals and Virtues.阅读理解Dale Carnegie (戴尔卡耐基) was an American writer and lecturer, and the developer of famous courses in selfimprovement, salesmanship, corporate training, public speaking and interpersonal skills.Born in 1888 in Maryville, Missouri, Carnegie was a poor farmers boy. His family
2、 moved to Belton, Missouri when he was a small child. In his teens, though still having to get up at 4 am every day to milk his parents cows, he managed to obtain an education at the State Teachers College in Warrensburg. His first job after college was selling correspondence courses. He moved on to
3、 selling bacon, soap, and lard(猪油)for Armour& Company.After saving $500, Dale Carnegie quit sales in 1911 in order to achieve a lifelong dream of becoming a lecturer. He ended up instead attending the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York, but found little success as an actor. Later he got t
4、he idea to teach public speaking. In his first session, he suggested that students speak about “something that made them angry”， and discovered the technique that made speakers unafraid to address a public audience. From its beginning, the Dale Carnegie Course developed. Carnegie had made use of the
5、 average Americans desire to have more selfconfidence.Perhaps one of Carnegies most successful marketing moves was to change the spelling of his last name from “Carnagey” to Carnegie, at a time when Andrew Carnegie was a widely recognized name.Carnegies works include Lincoln the Unknown (1932), Publ
6、ic Speaking and Influencing Men in Business (1937), and How to Stop Worrying and Start Living (1948). His greatest achievement, however, was when Simon &. Schuster published How to Win Friends and Influence People. The book was a bestseller from 1936. By the time of Carnegies death, the book had sol
7、d five million copies in 31 languages, and there had been 450,000 graduates of his Dale Carnegie Institute.Carnegie died at his home in New York in 1955.本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了戴尔卡耐基的生平和成就。1What do you think of Dale Carnegies childhood?AJoyful. BDifficult.CLonely. DBoring.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In his teens, tho
8、ugh still having to get up at 4 am every day to milk his parents cows”可知，卡耐基出生在一个农民家庭，小时候每天早晨四点钟就要起来挤牛奶，由此可知，他的童年是非常艰苦的，故B项正确。2Which of the following is important for Dale Carnegie?AHelping people to get wealthy.BEncouraging one to trust himself.CTeaching people speaking skills.DAdvising people to l
9、ive happily.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Carnegie had made use of the average Americans desire to have more selfconfidence.”可知，美国民众渴望拥有自信，由此可知，鼓励人们相信自己对卡耐基来说很重要，故B项正确。3Why did Dale Carnegie change his last name?ATo get more help and support. BTo replace Andrew Carnegie.CTo avoid misunderstanding. DTo become
10、 more famous.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“change the spelling of his last name from Carnagey to Carnegie, at a time when Andrew Carnegie was a widely recognized name.”可知，卡耐基把名字由Carnagey改成Carnegie是因为当时安德鲁卡耐基是一个家喻户晓的名字，也就是说他想要更出名才改名字，故D项正确。4Which of the following is Dale Carnegies most successful work?ALincol
11、n the UnknownBHow to Win Friends and Influence PeopleCHow to Stop Worrying and Start LivingDPublic Speaking and Influencing Men in Business答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“His greatest achievement, however, was when Simon &. Schuster published How to Win Friends and Influence People.”可知，人性的弱点是卡耐基最成功的著作，故B项正确。.
12、七选五How Laughing at Yourself Makes You AttractiveHave you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it? _1_ And its okaywe should even have a laugh about them.Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However,
13、 its normal to be imperfect. Whats important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are. _2_ You wont be able to laugh at yourself without selfacceptance.Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When youre able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to
14、 be more successful in life. _3_ More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in._4_ Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didnt intend to, while laughing at yourself does not. You might even bring a smile to their faces. Don
15、t worry about losing respect from others, because people actually appreciate it when you laugh at yourself. Laughing at yourself shows that you have the courage to do so and youre being real about your imperfections, making people think you are likeable.Just remember that humans all make mistakes. S
16、o instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. _5_ALaughing at yourself makes you popular.BAccept yourself despite your imperfections.CYou should try to understand yourself better.DChances are that we all have these kinds of exper
17、iences.ELaughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself.FLearn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive.GThis is because laughing at yourself helps lift your mood in face of difficulties.本文为说明文。主要介绍了自嘲的好处，如何通过自嘲使你变得更有魅力，更受欢迎。1D解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“Have you ever embarrassed yo
18、urself in public and got laughed at for it？”及空后的“And its okay”可知，此空格是说我们有可能都经历过被嘲笑。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。2B解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的第二段的中心为“嘲笑自己意味着接受真实的自己，有时可能感觉自己不够好，但不完美是正常的”。分析选项可知B项(接受不完美的自己)与本段意义一致。故选B。3G解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格的上下句的意思为“自嘲有助于增强自信。当你乐观且嘲笑自己时，你的生活可能会更成功，让你认识到自己的不足从而做得更好”。由此可推断出“自嘲有助于
19、你在困难面前提升情绪”，分析选项可知G项符合题意，故选G。4A解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格是一段的中心。本段的意思为：嘲笑别人可能伤害他们的感情，即使你是无意的，而嘲笑自己不会。你甚至可以给他们带来微笑。别人会欣赏你、尊重你，表明你有勇气。不完美的你会让人们觉得你是可爱的。由此可得出，自嘲会给别人带来微笑，别人会欣赏你、尊重你，你会受到欢迎的。分析选项可知A项(自嘲使你受欢迎)符合题意，故选A。5F解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本题处于文章的最后一句。最后一句话一般是对本文的总结，呼应了文章的题目“How Laughing at Yourself Makes You
20、 Attractive(自嘲如何让你变得有魅力)”。分析选项可知F项(学会自嘲，你会变得更有魅力)符合题意，故选F。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。There were two men who occupied the same hospital room. One man was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour a day to drain (排除) the liquids from his lungs. His bed was next to the rooms
21、only window. The other man had to spend all his time flat on his back.The men talked for hours every day. They spoke about their wives and families and their jobs. And every afternoon when the man by the window could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to his roommate all the things he coul
22、d see outside the window. The man in the other bed would live for those onehour periods where his world would be broadened by all the activities and colors of the outside world.The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake, the man had said. Ducks and swans played on the water while children saile
23、d their model boats. Lovers walked arm in arm, and a fine view of the city could be seen in the distance. As the man by the window described all this in detail, the man on the other side of the room closed his eyes and imagined the beautiful scene.One warm afternoon, the man by the window described
24、a parade passing by. Although the other man could not hear the band, he could see it in his minds eye as the gentleman by the window described it. Unexpectedly, a strange thought entered his head: Why could he look out of the window? Why should he have all the pleasure of seeing everything while I n
25、ever get to see anything? It didnt seem fair.As the thought developed, the man felt ashamed at first. But as the days passed and he missed seeing more sights, his envy turned into hate and soon turned him sour. He began to find himself unable to sleep. He should be by that window and that thought no
26、w controlled his life.答案Paragraph 1：Late one night, as he lay staring at the ceiling, another man began to cough. The man by the window was choked by the liquids in his lungs. The other man watched it, as the man by the window tried to press the button to call for help. Listening, he never pushed hi
27、s own button which would have called the nurse in. In less than five minutes, the coughing stopped, along with the sound of breathing. The following morning, the nurse called the hospital attendant to take the lifeless body away.Paragraph 2：As soon as it seemed reasonable, the man asked the nurse if
28、 he could move next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the change and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone. He moved slowly and painfully to take his first look. Finally, he would have the chance to see the outside world himself. He couldnt wait to look out of the window beside the bed. However, to his surprise, it faced a blank wall. He felt ashamed again and closed his eyes only to find his envy had changed him totally.
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