1、返回目录 Women of achievement Unit 1 返回目录 Section Grammar主谓一致返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致。主谓一致有三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。一、语法一致1不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。返回目录 2由 and 连接并列名词作主语时的主谓一致由 and 连接并列的两个或两个以上的名词作主语，表示不同的人或物时，
2、谓语动词用复数。Light and heat are often sent out together with heavy smoke when theres a big fire.发生大火时，光和热通常伴随着浓烟一起散发出去。返回目录 由 and 连接并列的单数名词作主语，表示同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数，此时第二个名词前没有冠词。A writer and artist is going to Shanghai tomorrow afternoon.一位作家兼艺术家明天下午将要去上海。由and连接的并列的单数名词被every,each,many a 或no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。Every
3、man and every woman working here is getting along well with me.在这里工作的每一位男士和女士都与我相处得很好。返回目录 3当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如 with,together with,along with,including,in addition to,besides,except,as well as,rather than 等时，谓语动词的数同修饰语前面的主语保持一致。Dr Smith,together with his wife,is to arrive on the evening flight.Smith 博士
4、及其夫人将乘坐晚上的航班抵达。返回目录 4不定代词 either,each,one,another,anyone,anybody,nobody,someone,somebody,anything,nothing,neither 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数；none 作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。Either of the shirts fits me very well.这两件衬衫中的任何一件都很适合我。返回目录 5“many a(n)名词”和“more than one名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Many a student has made such a mistake.很多学生曾
5、经犯过这样的错误。More than one example is necessary to help the students understand this rule clearly.为了帮助学生清楚地理解这条规则，有必要举几个例子。返回目录【提示】“more复数名词than one”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。More persons than one have been involved in the case.卷入此案件中的不止一人。返回目录 6当 kind of,pair of,type of 等修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与 of 前的 kind,pair,type 等词保持
6、一致。The kind of the apple tastes delicious.这种苹果尝起来很可口。7当 a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a quantity of 等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词的数与 of 后的名词保持一致；quantities of 修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。There are plenty of eggs in the basket.篮子里有很多鸡蛋。返回目录 8当“分数/百分数of名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数与 of 后面的名词保持一致。About three fourths of the earths surface is c
7、overed with water.地球表面的大约四分之三被水覆盖。返回目录 9定语从句的主谓一致在定语从句中，如引导词作主语，从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词保持一致。I,who am your friend,will try my best to help you.我作为你的朋友将尽最大努力来帮助你。在“one of复数名词定语从句”结构中，如引导词作主语，若 one 前没有限定词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数；若one 前有 the only/right/very 等限定词修饰，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。返回目录 He is one of the students that study hard
8、 in the class.他是班上用功学习的学生之一。He was the only one of the students that was praised.他是学生中唯一受到表扬的。返回目录 10“a number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。The number of the books is no more than 100,and a number of them are of little use.这些书的数量不超过 100 本，并且它们中的许多几乎没有用。返回目录 11倒装句中的谓语动词的形式与其后面的
9、主语保持一致，即后面的主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；后面的主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。Under the table sleeps a white cat.桌子下面睡着一只白色的猫。返回目录 二、意义一致1表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Ten years is quite a long time.十年是一段很长的时间。2“the形容词/过去分词”作主语，指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；指抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。The rich live a happy life,while the poor live a hard life.富人过着幸福的生活而穷人过着艰苦的生
10、活。返回目录 3maths(mathematics),politics,physics 等表示学科的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Maths is difficult to learn.数学很难学。返回目录 4如果作主语的名词被 all,most,half,rest,part 等词语修饰，名词是可数名词复数形式时，谓语动词用复数，其余情况用单数。All of the rubbish was cleared away.所有的垃圾都被清走了。All of his classmates have passed the exam.他所有的同学都通过了考试。返回目录 5集合名词 family,class
11、,army,group,team 等作主语时，如果强调集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用复数；如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数。His family isnt very large.他家不是一个很大的家庭。His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。返回目录 6有的名词如 police,cattle,people,clothes,trousers 等没有单数形式，这类名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数；有的名词如 sheep,deer,aircraft,means 等单复数形式相同，这类名词作主语时，就必须根据意思来确定谓语动词的单复数。Shortly after t
12、he accident happened,the police were sent to keep order.事故发生后不久，警察就被派去维持秩序。返回目录 三、就近一致1连词 or,eitheror，notbut，neithernor，not onlybut also，whetheror等连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”的原则。Not only he but also his friends have been to New York.不但他而且他的朋友们也去过纽约。返回目录 2在 there be 句型中，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词的数通常和邻近的，即与第一个主语保持一致。The
13、re is a desk and three chairs in the room.房间里有一张书桌和三把椅子。返回目录.单句语法填空1 (2019 全 国 卷)Of the nineteen recognizedpolar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six_(be)stable,one is increasing,and nine lackenough data.2(2019江苏卷)The musician along with his bandmembers _(give)ten performances in课末随堂演练are has
14、 given 返回目录 3 (2018 全 国 卷)The review says runningregularly _(be)more effective at lengthening life thanwalking,cycling or swimming.4 (2018 全 国 卷)Since2011,thecountry_(grow)more corn than rice.5 (2017 江 苏 卷)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_(be)bothwidelyreviewed and highly praised,strengthened
15、 Dickensstatus as a leading novelist.is has grown was 返回目录 6(2019天津卷)Amy,as well as her brothers,_(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturning to the village last week.7I,who _(be)your close friend,will trymy best to help you out of trouble.8There _(be)a lot of rubbish on thefloor so I asked Mary to sweep it up.
16、was given am was 返回目录 9 (2016 全 国 卷)Leaving the less importantthings until tomorrow _(be)often acceptable.10(2016全国卷)Recent_(study)show that we are far moreproductive at work if we take short breaks regularly.is studies 返回目录.语法与写作1(学校)为孩子们买了大量的故事书。Alargequantityofstorybooks_ for the children.2信不信由你，
17、这里的每个人都有音乐天赋。Believeitornot,everyonehere_.have been bought has a gift for music 返回目录 3学生和老师都不知道她没出现的原因。Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher_ _.4所有家具都已经被搬到另一个房间里了。Allthefurniture_another room.5当事故发生时，许多学生在现场。Many a student _ when theaccident happened.knows the reason why she didnt turn up has been moved to was on the spot