1、Period 3 Learning about Language观察并研究下列句子，写出画线单词引导何种从句。The thought that they could cross the whole continent wasexciting.()Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in lessthan five days,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500kilometres from coast to coast.()The girls were surprised
2、at the fact that ocean ships can sailup the Great Lakes.()【答案】同位语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句名词性从句()一、基础点拨(一)定义在复合句中，跟在一个名词后对其做进一步解释说明的从句叫做同位语从句。(二)可接同位语从句的名词同位语从句说明的名词大多是抽象名词，同位语从句的作用便是对这种包含抽象意义的名词进行解释说明。常见的可接同位语从句的名词有：news，fact，idea，hope，thought，order，belief，doubt，message，promise，question，reply，suggestion，advic
3、e等。(三)同位语从句的引导词及其功能引导词功能连接词that/whether引导从句，但在从句中不作成分，不能省略。that无意义；whether有“是否”之意连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose引导从句，在从句中充当主语、宾语和表语连接副词when，where，how，why引导从句，在从句中充当状语The vain man always has the idea that he should controleverything.(that引导同位语从句，从句意义完整)这个自负的人总是认为他应该控制一切。同位语从句的位置：同位语从句一般跟在所说明或解释的名词后面。但有
4、时也可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。The news came finally that the national team had won thegame.国家队赢得比赛的消息终于传来了。(that引导同位语从句，修饰the news，被came和finally隔开)二、难点突破(一)学习同位语从句应注意的问题1表达“是否”的概念时，一般用whether不用if引导同位语从句。She was in doubt whether she was right.她对她是否正确拿不准。2当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置，构成分隔式同位语从句。Word came
5、that the novel hit the whole country instantly.有消息传来，这本小说瞬间轰动全国。3在某些名词后的同位语从句中，其谓语动词应用虚拟语 气 形 式，即(should )动 词 原 形。常 见 的 这 类 名 词 有insistence(坚持)，order(命令)，demand(要求)，advice(建议)，proposal(建议)，request(请求)。She made a request that we should help her.她恳求我们帮她的忙。(二)定语从句与同位语从句的区别1定语从句中的that和同位语从句中的that的区别：定语从
6、句中的that关系代词，三大作用：连接主句与从句指代先行词在从句中作成分(主语、宾语或表语)同位语从句中的that连接词，不作成分，无意义，只起连接作用They heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon wascoming.昨天他们从收音机里听到台风要来的消息。(that引导的是同位语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无意义，只起连接作用)She bought the book that she had been dreaming of.她把她一直梦想的那本书买回来了。(that引导的是定语从句，that连接主从句，指代先行词the
7、book；在从句中作宾语)2定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是对先行词进行修饰或限定，不可去掉先行词；而同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行进一步解释说明，去掉先行词句子仍然正确。The information that they got yesterday has no use.他们昨天得到的信息没什么用处。(画线部分为定语从句，去掉先行词the information后剩下的句子不正确)We have received the information that they may have left thecountry.我们已经得到消息，他们可能已经离开了这个国家。(画线部分为同位语从句，
8、如果去掉the information，剩下的仍然是个正确的句子。)3同位语从句对应的名词一般为抽象名词；而定语从句的先行词没有这方面的限制。The decision when they will leave for Beijing hasnt beenmade.将何时动身去北京，他们还没有做出决定。(when引导同位语从句，decision是抽象名词).语法填空1We are faced with a problem _ we have notenough natural resources.2We have no idea at all _he has gone.3The experts
9、in medicine are trying to reduce peoples fear_ H7N9 is frightening.4The students have got a message _ there will beexaminations at the weekend.5The order came _ the soldiers _(leave)thesmall village the next morning.6The belief _ people find it more convenient toshop online _(prove)in the research.7
10、There is a strong probability _ Mr.Brown will bepromoted next week.8There is some doubt among people _$749 is toomuch for an iPhone 6.9 Finally they found out the truth _ their socalled(所谓的)boss had gone abroad with all their money.10We expressed the hope _ they would come andvisit our hometown agai
11、n.【答案】1.that 2.where 3.that 4.that 5.that;(should)leave 6.that;was proved 7.that 8.whether 9.that10that.单句改错1 Our team has won the game,that made us veryhappy.()2Ive come with a message from Mr.Wang how he wont beable to see you this afternoon.()3He must answer the question if he agrees with what sh
12、esaid or not.()4Ive read the book where you gave me the day beforeyesterday.()5One of the men held the opinion when what the book saidwas right.()6The news what you told us is really encouraging.()7Dad made a promise which he would buy his childrengifts.()8It is a question what he did it.()【答案】1.thatwhich 2.howthat 3.ifwhether4wherethat/which或去掉where 5.whenthat6whatthat/which或去掉what 7.whichthat8whathow点击进入WORD链接