1、The AttributeUnit 1 Grammar人教课标选修高三英语上The Attribute学 科网Objectives1.理解定语的形式；2.理解定语的意义；3.理解定语的用法。What is the hardest experience you have ever had?I try to think of happier things:warm and dry clothes,a cosy bedroom,sunnydays,my mothers face and the celebration we will get when we return,for I am part
2、of a failed expedition that tried to cross the continent of Antarctica,something that had never been done before.学 科网We call the red words The Attributes.As I think of this,a black blanket drops and covers me,almost blocking out the memories of happier times.I yell in a hoarse voice that I hardly re
3、cognize as my own.Anyhow,Shackleton seemed interested in my silly behaviour and accepted the situation.可以用作定语的有：名词或名词所有格、代词、数词、形容词、副词、词组或合成词、动词不定式、-ing形式、过去分词、介词短语和从句。定语定义：英语句子中修饰名词，代词或其它名词化了词的句子成分叫定语。We have English lessons every day.Whats your teachers view about this?She is my classmate.The two b
4、oys are students.Tom is a clever boy.The boy there needs a pen.学 科网Last year we built a thirteen-storey-highbuilding.There is nothing to do today.The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.The boy in blue is Tom.The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之
5、前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。在英语里，一般定语前置时的次序为：限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语。但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前，我们要注意其次序。其形容词遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材，指：限定词（一般指数量）；外观（美丽等）；形状（大小，高矮，肥瘦）；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。如：一 定语前置如：a famous American universityan interesting little red French oil paintinga new pla
6、stic bucketpurple velvet curtainsan elegant German clock学 科网1)描述身体特征的形容词先于表示情感和性格特征的形容词例如:a small lovely girl,a long patient queue,a pale anxious patient;2)表示颜色的形容词放在表示情感和性格特征的形容词之后例如:a kindly black teacher,an inquisitive brown dog;另外，有些形容词也有特殊的次序：3)little,old和young有时可以作为名词短语不可分割的一部分，所以可以直接放在名词之前，例如
7、:a lovely little girl表示性格特征的形容词可以放在old、young之前，也可放在old、young之后，例如:a young ambitious man(强调年龄),an ambitious young man(强调雄心勃勃)。当然，三个以上形容词连用作定语，就显得累赘，因此上面所说的情况一般较少出现。It was a conference fruitful of results.那是一个硕果累累的会议。He gave me a basket full of eggs.他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。二 定语后置（1）短语作定语一般后置学 科网English is a lang
8、uage easy to learn but difficult to master.英语是一门容易学但是难精通的语言。The boys hardest to teach are all in his class.最难教的男生都在他的班里了。Lets go somewhere quiet.咱们去找个安静一点的地方吧。There is nothing important in todays paper.今天报纸上没有什么重要的东西。Do you have anything more to say?你还有什么话要说吗?（2）修饰some，any，no，every等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置The
9、 people here are very friendly.这里的人很友好。They lived in the room above.他们住在楼上的房间。（3）副词作定语He is a person dependable.他是一个可以依靠的人。This is the only transportation means available.这是唯一可行的交通工具。（4）动词、名词转化而来的以-able,-ible结尾的形容词作定语学 科网1 Everybody involved should stay here.2 The college mentioned.（5）起强调用的单个分词1.Fil
10、l in the blanks with the words in the _.A.above box B.below box C.box above D.under boxC above副词作定语应后置。2.“Can you find the _?”said the policeman to the little boy.A.way back home B.home way back C.back home way D.back way homeA back副词作定语应后置。3.There wasnt _ in the managers speech.It was boring.A.inte
11、resting anything B.something interesting C.anything of interesting D.anything of interestD 作定语用的短语of interest修饰不定代词时要后置。这个句子是否定句，因此选项B不对。学 科网4.Mr Scott is one of the _ after the terrible earthquake in that village.A.alive survivors B.live survivors C.survivors alive D.living survivorsC 部分以a-开头的表语形容词
12、有时也可作定语，但须后置。5.Yesterday,a Mr Brown,_,came to visit you.A.28-year-old B.28 years old C.28-years-old D.of 28 year oldB 作定语用的形容词与表示度量的短语连用时要后置。但复合形容词28-year-old只能作前置定语。定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。定语从句1.This is the longest train _ I have ever seen.A.which B.th
13、at C.what D.whom解析：先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that，不能用which。学 科网2.I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the countryside with the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.that;which B.when;which C.which;that D.when;who 解析：when引导定语从句，修饰先行词those years，且在从句中作时间状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事。若第二空用who，则先行词
14、为farmers，它与从句单数谓语(has)矛盾。句意：我不会忘记在乡村和那些农民住在一起的几年，这对我的人生影响很大。3.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.A.these B.them C.that D.which4.Did you see the man _?A.I nodded just now B.whom I nodded just now C.whom I nodded to him D.whom I nodded to just n
15、ow学 科网5.Willma won three Olympic gold medals in track,_ made her mother very happy.A.it B.that C.which D.this 6.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 7.Is there any other reader _ wants to renew his book?A.who B.whom C.whose D.which学 科网Revi
16、ew复习定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。Individual activity1.After the long journey,the three of them went back home,_.(2008北京)A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tired C.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired Quiz I:Multiple choice 2.Villager
17、s here depend on the fishing industry,_ there wont be much work.(2008上海春)A.where B.that C.by which D.without which 3.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors,_ are beyond our control.(2008湖南)A.most of them B.most of which C.most of what D.most of that 学 科网4.She brought with
18、her three friends,none of _ I had ever met before.(2009全国I)A.them B.who C.whom D.these 5.Now that weve discussed our problem,are people happy with the decisions _?(2009全国I)A.taking B.take C.taken D.to take 学 科网6.My friend showed me round the town,_ was very kind of him.(2009全国II)A.which B.that C.whe
19、re D.it 7.Many children,_ parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.(2009安徽)A.their B.whose C.of them D.with whom8.It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was _ journey.(2010上海)A.three hour B.a three-hours C.a three-hour D.three hours9.Im calli
20、ng to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.(2010北京)A.advertised B.to be advertised C.advertising D.having advertised 10.So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library.(2010湖南)A.discovered B.to be discovered C.discovering D.having discoveredQuiz II:Translation1.他就是我昨天见的那个人。He
21、is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.2.我仍然记得我第一次见到她。I still remember the first time I met her.学 科网4.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.5.昨天，我帮助了一个迷路的老人。Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.3.她买的笔是中国产的。The pen bought by her is made in China.Finish the Exercises 1-2 on Page 54 in your Workbooks.学 科网
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