1、Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionWarmingUp,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending课后篇巩固提升一、写作词汇复习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。1.The boy said he could lift the heavy stone.Theres no (疑问) about it.答案doubt2.I (瞥见) at Tom in the street just now.Impossible.It cant be him.Hes gone to Shanghai.答案glanced3.How often do you (订阅
2、) newspapers?It depends,but usually twice a year.答案subscribe to4.Theres a (稳定的) increase in the temperature during the recent years.Yes,it has been like this for a few years.答案steady5.The scientist (声称) that the temperature is going to (继续) (上升) for decades or centuries (即使) we start to reduce the a
3、mount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.答案stated;keep on;going up;even if二、阅读词汇复习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。Dear Ray,Recently,our manager told me to sort out the fuel 1. consumption in our company and draw a graph 2. to show how much fuel is consumed 3. per month.I dont want to make the gra
4、ph at random 4.Could you please help me collect some useful data 5. so that I can make a detailed graph?I would appreciate it if you can help me.Looking forward to your early reply!Yours,Li Hua答案1.燃料2.图表3.消费4.随便地5.资料三、根据汉语及括号内的提示完成句子1.他声明他迟到是因为高速公路上车辆过多。(state;due to)He that his lateness the very he
5、avy traffic on the motorway.答案stated;was due to2.这次事件导致她失去了所拥有的一切。(consequence)She lost everything she owned the event.答案as a consequence of3.这里夏天雨水多,干燥的天气少。(tend;rather than)It a lot here in summer be dry.答案tends to rain;rather than4.小吉姆不愿意到这里来,即使这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。(range)Little Jim is unwilling to com
6、e here even if there is for children.答案a full range of activities 5.这个国家的人口每年都以稳定的速度在增长。(steady)The population of the country is growing per year.答案at a steady rate6.尽管她有时很恼人,但我还是喜欢她。I like her she can be annoying.答案even if/though7.毫无疑问,我们的实验将会成功。(doubt)our experiment will succeed.答案There is no doub
7、t that8.在过去的10年里,我的家乡发生了极大的变化。(take place)in my hometown in the past ten years.答案Great changes have taken place9.请告诉我事故是怎么发生的。(come about)Please tell me .答案how the accident come about10.他强烈反对这个计划。(be opposed to)He this plan.答案is strongly opposed to四、阅读理解AA new study shows that rising levels of plane
8、t-warming gases may reduce important nutrients in food crops.Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice.In the experiment,scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan.They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists predict for our planet by the end of the century.Ri
9、ce grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had,on average,13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein(蛋白质).The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions.However,vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent
10、 on average.The researchers said the effects of planet-warming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries.These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets.That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,B
11、angladesh,Laos and other nations,mainly in Southeast Asia.Other studies have shown that higher temperatures resulting from climate change and extreme weather will reduce food production.But scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other planet-warming gases threaten food quali
12、ty.Earlier studies showed that wheat,rice,peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals.Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.The new study suggests a
13、 way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change.That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.1.Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may.A.increase iron in the riceB.make it more deliciousC.cause a loss of vitamin ED.make it less nutritious答
14、案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein(蛋白质).Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszincthanricegrownundernormalconditions.”可知,在二氧化碳含量高的条件下生长的水稻所含的营养物质比正常情况下生长的水稻少了很多。故D项正确。2.Howcanpeoplereducethen
15、utritionalharmofclimatechange?A.ByimportingricefromChinaandJapan.B.Bytakingotherkindsoffoodinsteadofrice.C.ByavoidingeatingricefromSoutheastAsia.D.Bygrowingricesuitablefortheenvironment.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知,减少气候变化对水稻营养破坏的方法是种植一些能够适应二氧化碳含量较高的气候条件的水稻品种。故D项正确。3.Whatstheauthorspurposeofwritingthetext?
16、A.Toinformreadersofwhatnutrientsfoodcropscontain.B.Tocallonpeopletocarefortheplanettheyliveon.C.Tosharetheresultsofsomestudiesonpeoplesdiets.D.Totellreaderswherefoodcropsaremainlyproduced.答案B解析写作意图题。根据文章第一段和倒数第二段可知,在二氧化碳含量高的条件下生长的水稻、小麦、豌豆、大豆等植物,其营养物质都有不同程度的丢失,这些对人类生存产生了威胁,因此本文是为了提醒人们关爱我们生活的地球。故B项正确。
17、4.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Advertisement.B.Artsandculture.C.Sciencereport.D.Businessnews.答案C解析推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了温室气体可导致农作物营养含量降低,这属于科学研究的范围,与广告、文化艺术及商业新闻无关,故C项正确。B(2020全国高考)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies hav
18、e found positive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown,Ohio,for example,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In another,employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of T
19、echnology (MIT) have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions.These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in gr
20、oundwater.“Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,”explained Michael Strano,a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments using some common vegetables.Stranos team
21、 found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours.The light,about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by,is just a start.The technology,Strano said,could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future,the team hopes
22、to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total elect
23、ricity consumed in the US.Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.5.What is the fir
24、st paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants.B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees from various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.答案D解析段落大意题。由文章第一段可知,一项研究发现,城市绿化率越高的区域犯罪率越低;另一项研究发现,工作环境有室内植物装饰时,员工的效率提高15%。由此可知,本段主要讲绿色植物的好处。故选D项。6.What is the function of the sensors printed on
25、plant leaves by MIT engineers?A.To detect plants lack of water.B.To change compositions of plants.C.To make the life of plants longer.D.To test chemicals in plants.答案A解析细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhentheyreshortofwater”可知,麻省理工学院的工程师们之所以在植物叶子上放置传感器,是想监
26、测植物的缺水状况。故选A项。7.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A.They will speed up energy production.B.They may transmit electricity to the home.C.They might help reduce energy consumption.D.They could take the place of power plants.答案C解析推理判断题。由文章最后两段,尤其是最后一段中的“Glowingplantscouldreducethisd
27、istanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.”可推知,将来这种发光植物可能会有助于降低能源消耗。故选C项。8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Can we grow more glowing plants?B.How do we live with glowing plants?C.Could glowing plants replace lamps?D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free?答案C解析标题归纳题。文章开门见山,指出人类
28、与植物的联系一直是科研的主题;然后讲述麻省理工学院开展的研究,力求用植物代替日常用品的功能;接下来进一步阐述用普通蔬菜来发出光照亮房间,甚至将树木变成自供电的街灯。由此可知,文章最佳标题为:发光的植物能替代街灯吗?故选C项。五、短文改错Yesterday afternoon my friends,Xiao Ming,and I went skating on the lake.As soon as we got here,we began to skate happily.Suddenly,I noticed something usual.The moment I warned Xiao M
29、ing to take care of,the ice broke but he slipped into the water.I had no choice but cry for help.After hearing my cry,a young man rushed over,jumped into the lake and tried my best to swim towards Xiao Ming,that was struggling in the cold water.At last,Xiao Ming was saved but the young man left without say anything.We were all deeply moved by what he have done.答案第一句:friendsfriend第二句:herethere第三句:usualunusual第四句:去掉of;butand第五句:but后加to第六句:第二个myhis;thatwho第七句:saysaying第八句:havehad
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