1、Noun ClausesSubject ObjectAppositivePredicative ClausesConjunctions of Noun Clauses:连接词连接代词连接副词what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,whichthat,whether,if,as if/as thoughwhen,where,how,why状语主语、宾语不充当从句的任何成分Noun Clauses Introduced by Question WordsWhat was he doing?His father was surprised.subject claus
2、e 主语从句What he was doing surprisedhis father.Whats your first impressionof him?I want to know.object clause 宾语从句I want to know what your first impression of him is.How did Alice respond to Toms proposal(求婚)?I have no idea.appositive clause 同位语从句I have no idea how Alice responded toToms proposal.How c
3、an I make a grammar lesson interesting?That is my question.predicative clause 表语从句My question is how I can makea grammar lesson interesting.Noun Clauses Introduced by Question WordsSoutherners find it difficult to understand what northerners are saying.Southerners find it difficult to understand wha
4、t are northerners saying.2.The word order of the noun clause is that of a statement.(陈述句)1.What、which、who、whom、whose、when、where、why、howI dont care who you are.I dont care what you did.How you got me blind is still a mystery.Noun Clauses Introduced by Question Words2.The word order of the noun clause
5、 is that of a statement.(陈述句)3.Question words act as certain sentence elements(成分)in the clauses.1.What、which、who、whom、whose、when、where、why、howDont care what is written in your history.2.The word order of the noun clause is that of a statement.(陈述句)3.Question words act as certain sentence elements(成
6、分)in the clauses.4.Question words cant be left out in noun clauses in any cases.1.What、which、who、whom、whose、when、where、why、howNoun Clauses Introduced by Question WordsBorrowed Words-good or bad?Languages keep borrowing words from other languages.This is one of the reasons 1_languages keep changing e
7、very day.2_ we should do about the increasing number of borrowed words in our vocabulary is something that deserves careful thought.In England today,there is no one to decide 3_new words should be accepted into the language.A standard was first set for the English language when Henry was the King.Th
8、at is4 _we have the phrase the kings English.He set a standard for 5_ people should speak English,but today 6_can make a decision like that is anyones guess.However,there is an organization to make decisions like this in France.7_French will be used is decided by a government department.Today,the sp
9、read of borrowed words is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.Some people are optimistic and believe that this process is good,while others worry that it may result in language pollution.8_opinion you agree with is for you to decide.whyWhatwhich
10、howwhoHowWhichhow2.Whether are“borrowed words”good or bad?This remains a question.Whether“borrowed words”are good or bad remains a question.That languages borrow words as they are developing is inevitable.1.Languages keep borrowing words as they are developing.This is inevitable(必然的，不可避免的).1.We can
11、use it as an preparatory subject.A.when we use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence.a.(correct)That languages borrow words as they are developing is inevitable.=(preferable)It is inevitable that languages borrow words as they are developing.b.(correct)Whether“borrowed words”are good or bad rem
12、ains a question.=(preferable)It remains a question whether“borrowed words”are good or bad.Preparatory subject“it”:Preparatory subject“it”:1.That we would be not able to understand Old English today is certain.=It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today.2.Whether English
13、will continue changing in the future is easy to answer.=It is easy to answer whether English will continue changing in the future.3.When we can set off depends on the weather.=It depends on the weather when can we set off.a.(correct)To master a foreign language is hard.=(preferable)It is hard to mas
14、ter a foreign language.b.(correct)To gain access to the Internet is important for us.(preferable)It is important for us to gain access to the Internet.B.when the subject is a to-infinitive.C.when the subject is a v-ing form.a.(correct)It is difficult to stop smoking.=(preferable)Smoking is difficult
15、 to stop.b.(correct)It takes a lot of my time travelling to Beijing.=(preferable)Travelling to Beijing takes up a lot of my time.We usually use the preparatory subject itwith a clause or to-infinitive(preferable),but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginning.Tip2.It can also be
16、 used before seem,appear,happen,chance,turn out and prove as the preparatory subject of a sentence.a.It seems that he speaks two languages.=He seems to speak two languages.b.My new neighbor happens to come from my home town.=It happens that my new neighbor comes from my home town.Preparatory subject
17、“it”:Assessment:1.What do you think of todays English lesson?2.What have you learnt today?3.What are you still uncertain about?4.How do you like your performance today?Its clear thatWe feel its interesting or surprising or disappointing thatWhat we feel uncertain about is We have found the fact that
18、 We think today our performance is It seems/proves that1.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is2._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where 3.Go and get your coatIts _ you left it A.where B.there C.here where D.
19、where there 4.What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.if C.whether D.why高考链接5._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It6.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates wi
20、ll be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact,news,promise,possibility,information,doubt,message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。1.Finish the exercises on page 100.2.Make a dialogue with your partner,trying to use the noun clauses introduced by question words and the preparatory“it”.