1、北京市2012届高三下学期综合练习试题分类汇编之阅读理解北京市西城区2012届高三4月第一次模拟考试试题第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhen I was a baby, I entertained you and made you laughWhenever I was bad , youd shake your finger at me and ask : How could you?but then youd give up, and ro
2、ll me over for a belly scratch and I believed that life could not be any more perfectMy housetraining was a long process, because you were terribly busy, but we worked on that togetherWe went for long walks, runs in the park and car ridesWe stopped for ice creamI took long naps in the sun waiting fo
3、r you to come home at the end of the dayGradually, you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time searching for a human mateEventually, you fell in loveShe, now your wife, is riot a dog person, but I still welcomed her into our homeI was happy because you were happyThen the h
4、uman babies came along and I shared your excitement, I was fascinated by their pinkness, how they smelled, and I wanted to mother them tooYour wife was afraid I would bite themBut nevertheless, as they began to grow, I became their friendNow, you have a new job in another city and you and they will
5、be moving to an apartment that does not allow petsYouve made the right decision for your family , but there was a time when I was your only familyI was excited about the car ride until we arrived at the dog poundIt smelled of dogs and cats, of fear, of hopelessnessYou filled out the paperwork and sa
6、id:I know you will find a good home for her They shrugged and gave you a pained lookThe children were in tears as they waved me goodbyeAnd How could you? were the only three words that swept over my mindIs it better to live with hope or without hope? At first, whenever anyone passed my pen, I rushed
7、 to the front, hoping it was you, that you had changed your mind and that this was all a bad dreamMy beloved master, I will think of you and wait for you foreverI hope you receive more faithfulness from your family than you showed to me56Who tells this story?AA dog BA child CA dogs owner DA dog trai
8、ner57Why did the dogs owner take his dog to the pound?AHe had a newborn baby BHis wife did not like the dogCHe was moving into a new building DHe thought the dog too troublesome58Which is true about the dog when it lived at the pound?AIt hoped to be adopted by another familyBIt continued to love its
9、 former ownerCIt did not trust humans any more DIt was excited about the pound59What is the theme of the story?ABe ready for changes BNever expect too muchCNever complain about your life DBe faithful to those who love youBPresent or Future?Americans are future-mindedThey really live in the futureThe
10、 present is just a way station This enthusiasm for the future is really not shared even by all European countriesThe French are known to be present-minded while the British are often called past-mindedFor Japanese Zen followers, time is like a pool of waterThings just happenThere is no past, present
11、 or futureEgyptians are well known for their past mindednessI did not grow up with a telephoneSo the Yellow Pages were something brand new for me when I first arrived in the USI still had the habit of going to a store only to find out that it didnt have what I neededMy wife used to ask , Didnt you c
12、all before going there? The concept of calling ahead of time requires planning and a future mind, while my upbringing was in a present-minded cultureOne thing my nuclear family enjoys when my mom visits is her cookingSo normally I ask my mom a couple of days in advance what things she needs for the
13、upcoming mealsShe is always sure that she has everythingThe truth is that many times, in the middle of cooking, she will ask for items we dont haveThat shows a present mindYou deal with it when you get there instead of doing advanced planningListening to weather forecasts and then living your life a
14、ccordingly is a sign of a future mind Normally, when I get to work and see everyone walking around with their umbrellas, I figure that it will rain todayHere people are trained from their childhood to figure out at least that days expected weather before leaving the houseI am normally missing my umb
15、rella because it was not raining and the sky did not have dark cloudsHere my present mind gets me wetevery timeMainstream Americans have put inside themselves the clock to a degree which is beyond the comprehension of many cultures across the globeSo the annoyance many Americans face when working wi
16、th people from other cultures is understandableIn todays dialogue, building the bridge to the 21st century may turn out to be easier than building bridges with other cultures, which may appear to be so foreignHowever, they are vital partners for our interdependent life on this planet60The author was
17、 most likely born in _AAmerica BFrance CBritain DEgypt61Which is true about the author?AHe was more future-minded than his motherBHe received most of his education in JapanCHe learned to check the weather before going outDHe disliked calling the store before going shopping62Whats the main idea of th
18、e last paragraph?AAmericans value time more than any other cultureBAmericans should be understood by other culturesCCommunication between cultures is easier than beforeDHarmony should be achieved despite cultural differencesCA woman in the US is able to speak for the first time in 11 years after a p
19、ioneering voice box transplant （移植） Brenda Jensen said the operation was a great success which had saved her lifeThirteen days after the surgery she said her first words: Good morning, I want to go homeIt is the first time a voice box and windpipe have been transplanted at the same time and only the
20、 second time a voice box has ever been transplantedMsJensen, 52, had been unable to speak on her own since her voice box was damaged during surgery in 1999Since then, she has been unable to taste or smell food, could breathe only through a hole in her windpipe and could talk only with the help of an
21、 electronic voice boxIn October, surgeons at the University of California Davis Medical Centre removed the voice box and 6cm of the windpipe from a donor bodyIn an 18-hour operation, this was transplanted into MsJensens throat and the team connected it to her blood supply and nerves （神经）Professor Ma
22、rtin Birchall from University College London, who was part of the surgery team, said: Weve learned that we can repair nerves to make even very complex organs function again Itll open the door to better facial transplants and will be extremely important as tissue engineering developsA voice box trans
23、plant might be life changing, but it is not life savingEveryone who receives a transplant must take drugs to control the immune system （免疫系统） for the rest of their lives These drugs can reduce life expectancy, so they are normally set aside for life saving proceduresOne of the reasons MsJensen was a
24、 suitable person for this transplant was that she was already taking immune controlling drugs after a kidney-pancreas transplant four years agoProfessor Peter Belafsky , part of the surgical team, said: Brenda was an exceptional candidate for the transplant because she was highly motivatedAnyone who
25、s met Brenda knows that she is a strong and determined person with a great outlook on life in spite of the many physical challenges shes faced over her lifetime63The voice transplant operation is of great significance because it proves that _Afacial transplants are now easier to performBnew medical
26、technology is always possible to discoverCnerve repairing is a breakthrough in tissue engineeringDthe drugs taken after the operation help the patient live longer64MsJensen was a suitable person for this transplant because she was _Astrong-willed and prepared Bexperienced and braveCseriously ill and
27、 motivated Ddetermined and realistic65Which of the following is the right time order of the event?aMsJensen received a voice box transplant operationbMsJensen began to take immune controlling drugscDoctors removed the voice box from a donor bodydMsJensen had a kidney-pancreas transplant operationAac
28、db Bdbca Cbdca Dcabd66Which is the best title for the passage?ATransplant Saves A Womans Life BOvercoming Obstacles to Speak AgainCFirst Words from New Voice Box DCourageous Woman Defeating FearsDWanna buy a body? That was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from self-employed phot
29、ographers when I was a photo editor at USNewsLike many in the mainstream press, I wanted to separate the world of photographers into them ,who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana, and us ,the serious newspeopleBut after 16 years in that role, I came to wonder w
30、hether the two worlds were easily distinguishableWorking in the reputable world of journalism, I told photographers to cover other peoples difficult life situationsI justified marching into moments of sadness, under the appearance of the readers right to knowI worked with professionals talking their
31、 way into situations or shooting from behind police linesAnd I wasnt aloneIn any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuriesBut you are like
32、ly to see local newspaper and television photographers on the scene and fast How can we justify doing this? Journalists are taught to separate, doing the job from worrying about the consequences of publishing what they recordRepeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business saying: Leave your conscie
33、nce in the office, A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or deadYour job is to record the image （图象）Youre a photographer, not an emergency medical workerYou put away your feelings and document the sceneBut catastrophic events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editorsIn the first
34、 minutes and hours after a disaster occurs, photo agencies buy picturesThey rush to obtain the rights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subjectOften, an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and puts it up for bid by major maga
35、zinesThe most sought-after special pictures command tens of thousands of dollars through bidding contestsI worked on all those stories and many like themWhen they happen, you move quickly: buying, dealing, trying to beat the agencies to the picturesNow, many people believe journalists are the hypocr
36、ites （伪君子） who need to be brought down, and its our pictures that most anger othersReaders may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between clear-minded us and mean-spirited themIn too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right67When jou
37、rnalists are working, they are told to _Awork with their conscienceBrespect the privacy of the victimCseparate their work from feelingsDask police for permission to take photos68The 5th and 6th paragraphs mainly tell us that _Aspeed determines the success of a news storyBphoto agencies are greedier
38、than serious newspeopleCphotographers have free access to photos of accidentsDprofit is the driving force beliind the competition for photos69It can be learned from the last paragraph that serious newspeople _Aobtain photos differently from news agenciesBare no better than self-employed photographer
39、sCare more devoted to work than non-professionalsDhave a higher moral standard than self-employed photographers70The underlined word them in the last paragraph refers to_Aphoto editors Bphoto agenciesCserious newspeople Dself-employed photographers第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选
40、项中有两项为多余选项。ClaustrophobiaClaustrophobia, or fear of enclosed spaces, is one of the most common fearsClaustrophobia can be deep fear or even panic as a result of being in a small spaceClaustrophobia can develop after a troubling childhood experience （ such as being trapped in a small space during a c
41、hildhood game） , or from another unpleasant experience later on in life related to small spaces （ such as being stuck in a lift）_71 This response then becomes programmed in the brain, making an association between being in a tight space and feeling anxious or out-of-controlAs a result, the person of
42、ten develops claustrophobiaAccording to Mark Powers, PhD, Associate Professor of Psychology at Southern Methodist University, Claustrophobia is a specific fear and not a type of panic disorderThe primary specific danger forecasts for claustrophobia are that either the person will be trapped or run o
43、ut of air72 Claustrophobia symptoms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stomach, passing out, light-headedness, shaking, breathing problem, etcSome common situations can cause anxiety in claustrophobia sufferersThe claustrophobia sufferer will look for an exit when inside a room, avo
44、id driving on the highway or major roads where there is heavy traffic when inside a car, avoid taking lifts when inside a building, or stand near a door when at a party 73 Claustrophobia can have harmful social and psychological effects, since the patient will often avoid situations in which she thi
45、nks she will have an anxiety attack, leading to hiding and sadness74 According to DrPowers, Exposure treatment, a form of mind-behavioral treatment, usually results in a total reduction in anxiety symptoms if conducted properlyFlooding is a type of exposure treatment in which the person is exposed t
46、o a situation until the anxiety attack passes; a less extreme form of exposure treatment is counter-conditioningCounter conditioning includes behavior treatment, as the person is taught visualization and relaxation techniques before being slowly reintroduced to the cause situation75 Medications to h
47、elp treat claustrophobia include things which help to ease the heart pounding often associated with anxiety attacksAThe good news is that claustrophobia is very treatableBThe past experience can trace back to the moment of birthCAccording to some doctors, claustrophobia is worse than the fear of hei
48、ghtsDWhen a person experiences such an event, it can often cause a frightening panic attackEIn extreme cases, the very sight of a closed door can lead to feelings of anxiety in a personFTreatment for claustrophobia can also include medication or a combination of several treatmentsGWhen a person with claustrophobia finds herself in a restricted space, her body responds in certain ways答案