1、返回目录 The Million Pound Bank Note Unit 3 返回目录 Section Grammar名词性从句宾语从句和表语从句返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练课后限时作业目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析一、名词性从句1定义及分类：在主从复合句中，相当于名词的从句称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。返回目录 2名词性从句的连接词及其在句中的功能项目连接词意义在句中的功能从属连词that无意义不充当成分whether/if是否不充当成分连接代词who(ever)(无论)谁主、宾、表whose谁的定语what(ever)(无论)
2、什么主、宾、表、定which(ever)(无论)哪个主、宾、定返回目录 项目连接词意义在句中的功能连接副词when(ever)(无论)何时时间状语where(ver)(无论)何地地点状语how(ever)(无论)如何方式状语why为什么原因状语返回目录 What was the most important to her was her family.(主语从句)对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。He said(that)he liked English very much.(宾语从句)他说他非常喜欢英语。返回目录 I made a promise that my first year in hig
3、h school would be different.(同位语从句)我保证：我高中的第一年将会是不同寻常的一年。As is known to us,China is no longer what she used to be.(表语从句)众所周知，中国今非昔比。返回目录 二、宾语从句1定义：在复合句中作谓语动词、非谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语的名词性从句，称为宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词有：从属连词that,whether,if；连接代词who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever；连接副词when,where,how,why。返
4、回目录 2that 引导宾语从句时，在下列情况下不可省略(1)从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的 that 不能省略。We all think(that)she is working very hard and that she will surely go to a very good university.我们都认为她学习非常努力，一定能上一所非常好的大学。(2)当 that 从句与主句谓语动词被其他成分分开时。I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.她一告诉我所有这一切，我
5、就立即意识到我做错了。返回目录(3)动词it宾语补足语that 从句。it 代替从句，作形式宾语，而从句后置，这时 that 不可省略。用于此结构的常见动词有 think,find,consider,make,feel 等。I have made it clear that well sign the contract with your company.我已讲得很清楚，我方将与贵公司签订这个合约。返回目录 3由 whether/if 引导的宾语从句由 whether/if 引导的宾语从句，从句仍保持陈述句语序，whether/if 不充当成分。She asked me whether/if
6、she could come in.她问我她是否能进来。返回目录【提示】whether 与 if 作“是否”讲时，在下列情况下一般只能用 whether 而不用 if。(1)引导主语从句并在句首时。Whether it is true remains a question.是真是假还是个问题。返回目录(2)介词后或不定式前只能用 whether，不能用 if。It depends on whether I have enough time.这得看我是否有足够的时间。He doesnt know whether to go or not.他不知道要不要去。(3)引导同位语从句时。There is
7、 some doubt whether he will go or stay.他是走还是留，还存有一些疑问。返回目录 4wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句由 who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever 等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，连接词都在从句中充当一定的成分，从句要用陈述语序。She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。He looked at the invitation,wondering why he was in
8、vited.他边看着请柬，(心里边)纳闷为什么会被邀请。返回目录 5宾语从句中需要注意的几个问题(1)在 insist,demand,order,suggest,propose,advise,desire 等表示要求、命令、建议、坚持等意义的动词后，that 引导的宾语从句中谓语常用“should动词原形”，表示虚拟，should 可省略。The policeman demanded that the gate(should)be shut.警察命令把大门关上。返回目录(2)宾语从句中的否定前移满足下列两个条件时，宾语从句中的否定词not可以前移至主句中。主句为第一人称；主句谓语为think,
9、believe,imagine,suppose或expect等动词。返回目录 I dont think that this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服不适合你。I dont suppose that he likes it.我想他不喜欢它。返回目录 三、表语从句1定义：在主从复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于系动词后。表语从句的连接词主要有that,whether,as,as if/though,because及wh类连接词。返回目录 2表语从句中需要注意的几个问题(1)连接词 that 引导表语从句，不充当成分，无意义，但是不能省略。The troubl
10、e is that she has lost his address.麻烦的是她已弄丢了他的地址。返回目录(2)当主语是 the reason,the result 或 why 引导的主语从句时，只能用 that 引导表语从句。The reason why I didnt attend the conference was that I was too busy.我未出席会议是因为我太忙了。The result is that many of them become fat.结果是他们中许多人发胖了。Why we decided to put off the football match is
11、 that the weather was too bad.我们决定推迟这场足球赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。返回目录(3)连接代词 what,which,who,whom,whose 除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。Tom is no longer what he used to be.Tom 不再是以前的 Tom 了。(what 在从句中作系动词 be 的表语)That is what he is worried about.那就是他担心的。(what 在从句中作介词 about 的宾语)返回目录(4)连接副词 when,where,how,why
12、 除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还分别充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。Thats where I cant agree with you.那就是我不能同意你的地方。(地点)This is how she did it.她是这样做的。(方式)That is why he was late.那是他迟到的原因。(原因)返回目录(5)whether 引导表语从句，不充当成分，意为“是否，究竟，到底”(注意：if 不能引导表语从句)。The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是它是否值得做。(6)because 可以引导表语从句，常用于 Thi
13、s/That is because句型中，意为“这/那是因为”。I was late for school this morning.Thats because I stayed up too late last night.我今天早晨上学迟到了，因为我昨晚熬夜太晚。返回目录(7)主 语 为 advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,desire,requirement,request,order,command 等表示建议、要求、命令等意义的名词时，表语从句的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中 should 可省略，表示虚拟。His request is th
14、at they(should)stay here for the night.他请求他们在这儿住一晚。返回目录 单句语法填空1(2018天津卷)The gold medal will be awardedto _ wins the first place in the bicycle race.解析 句意：这块金牌将颁发给在这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。本题考查宾语从句。to后为宾语从句，该从句缺少主语，且空处表示“任何人”，故填whoever，相当于anyone who。课末随堂演练whoever 返回目录 2(2017天津卷)She asked me _ Ihad returned th
15、e books to the library,and I admittedthat I hadnt.解析 句意：她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，又根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故用whether或if。whether/if 返回目录 3(2015安徽卷)A ship in harbor is safe,but thatsnot _ ships are built for.解析 句意：港口里的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的。空处引导的是表语从句，且从句中的介词for缺宾语，再根据语境可知填what。what
16、返回目录 4As John Lennon once said,life is _happens to you while you are busy making other plans.解析 句意：正如约翰列侬曾经说过的一样，当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已悄然发生。此处应用what引导表语从句，且在表语从句中作主语。what 返回目录 5 From space,the earth looks blue.This is_ about seventyone percent of its surface iscovered by water.解析 句意：从太空中看，地球是蓝色的，这是因为地球表面
17、约71%被水覆盖。分析前后两句之间的逻辑关系可知，此处为“前果后因”，应用because。because 返回目录 语法与写作1(2017北京卷书面表达)那就是为什么我认为沿着长江的旅行会是更好的选择的原因。_ the trip along the YangtzeRiver will be a better choice.2(2015重庆卷书面表达)所有的参与者都可以获得他们想要的东西。All the participants can get _.Thats why I think what they want 返回目录 3(2015四川卷书面表达)尽可能多地练习就是秘密所在。Topracticeasmuchaspossibleis_.4(2015全国卷书面表达)我想知道你是否愿意和我们共度这段时光。Imwondering_.where the secret lies whether you would like to spend time with us 返回目录 5(2017全国卷书面表达)我希望你可以抓住这次机会，深入地学习中国传统文化。I wish _to learn traditional Chinese culture further.(that)you could grasp this opportunity
