1、八年级英语上册Unit 3单词解析（A部分）1.Compare (动词) 比较、对比【常见搭配】 compare A with B 把A与B进行比较Compare A to B 把A比作BCompare to/ with . 与.相比Eg: Parents shouldnt compare their children with others.父母不应该把他们的孩子和其他孩子进行比较。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。Compared with/ to him, Im just a beginner. 和他相比，我就是
2、个初学者。【派生词】comparable为形容词，译为“可比较的、类似的”；Comparative 为形容词，译为“比较多、相对的”；Comparison为名词，译为“比较行为或结果”。Eg: The two products are comparable in quality. 这两个产品质量相当。This study takes a comparative approach.这项研究采用比较方法。The comparison between the two datasets revealed trends. 对比两组数据后发现了趋势。【即学即用】( )1.We often compare
3、the moon _ a boat.A.to B.with C.and D.for( )2.By _ other students, the teacher thinks Bob is the best student.A.comparing with B.compared to C.comparing to D.compared with答案：1.A 2.A2.Shy (形容词) 害羞的【用法讲解】 shy还可作动词，译为“投掷、乱扔、躲避”。Eg: She is too shy to speak in public. 她太害羞了，不敢在公众面前讲话。He shied a stone at
4、the window.他朝窗户扔了块石头。The horse shied away from the noise.马被声响惊退。【常见搭配】 be shy with . 对.害羞Shy away from. 因害怕或信心不足而回避Be shy of sb.(doing sth.) 羞于做某事Eg: She is shy with strangers. 她见到陌生人会害羞。We will not shy away from that. 我们不会回避这一点。He is shy of talking about the prize he has won.他羞于谈起他获得的奖。【即学即用】1.他并不怯
5、于提建议。He was _ _ _ suggestions.答案： shy of offering3.Lazy (形容词) 懒惰的、懒洋洋的Eg: He is very lazy person, sleeping all day. 他非常懒惰，整天睡觉。【派生词】 laziness为名词，译为“怠惰、懒散”；Lazily为副词，译为“懒洋洋地”。Eg: He often finds excuses for his laziness.他常常为自己的懒惰找借口。She woke up and stretched lazily.她醒来伸了个懒腰。【即学即用】1.His _ (lazy) really
6、 ticked me off.答案： laziness4.Loud (副词) 响亮地；(形容词) 大声的【用法讲解】 loud常常用来描述声音的强度和清晰度；也可用来描述环境或声音的嘈杂程度。Eg: He spoke in a loud voice. 他大声地说。The party was very loud. 聚会非常吵闹。Please speak loud so that everyone can hear you.请大声说话，以便每个人都能听到你。【派生词】 Loudly为副词，译为“大声地”；aloud为副词，译为“大声地、出声地”。Eg: The audience laughed l
7、oudly. 观众们大笑起来。Ill read the text aloud first. 我先大声朗读一下课文。【易混辨析】 loud，aloud和loudly区别Loud为形容词，侧重声音的音量和传远性；可与speak、talk、laugh等连用；aloud为副词，强调发出声音，常与read、think、call、shout等连用；loudly为副词，强调声音的强度和方式.，常用于描述各种嘈杂的声音。Eg: Please speak louder - I cant hear you. 请讲大声点 - 我听不见。He called aloud for help. 他大声呼救。The bell
8、 rang loudly. 钟声大声地响起。【即学即用】( )1.She spoke in a _ voice.A.aloud B.loudly C.loud D.be aloud答案： C5.Outgoing (形容词) 外向的【用法讲解】 outgoing常位于名词前修饰名词，也可位于系动词之后作表语。Eg: He is an outgoing and lively person. 他是个性格开朗而又活泼的人。Shes very outgoing and gregarious. 她非常外向，喜欢交际。【即学即用】1.Li Ping is _ (outgoing) than me.答案： m
9、ore outgoing6.Hard - working (形容词) 勤奋的【用法讲解】 hard - working常位于名词前修饰名词。Eg: He is a hard - working student. 他是一个勤奋的学生。【知识拓展】 hard work为名词短语，译为“艰苦的工作/努力的工作”，其中hard为形容词，work为名词；Work hard为动词短语，译为“努力工作”，其中work为动词，hard为副词。Eg: He works hard to pass the exam. 为了通过考试他努力工作。This job requires a lot of hard work.
10、 这项工作需要很多努力。【即学即用】( )1.This is _ and we must _ on it.A.hard work; work hard B.a hard work; work hardC.hard work; hard work D.work hard; hard work答案： A7.Perform (动词) 表演、执行Eg: I performed a concert last night. 我昨晚进行了一场音乐会。The band performed beautifully last night. 乐队昨晚表演得非常精彩。He performed well in the
11、exam. 他在考试中表现得很好。【常见搭配】 perform a task/ duty 执行任务/职责Perform a role/part 扮演角色Perform well/ poorly 表现得好/不好Eg: The team performed the task under tight deadlines. 团队在紧张的期限内完成了任务。She performed the role of a mentor in the project. 她在项目中扮演了倒是的角色。He performed well in the exam. 他在考试中表现得很好。【派生词】 performance为名
12、词，译为“表演、演出”；performer为名词，译为“表演者”。Eg: The performance received applause. 这次表演获得了掌声。The performer is talented. 这个表演者很有天赋。【即学即用】1.The _ is good at comedies.He gave two _ today.I wonder when he will _ another one.答案：performer; performances; perform8.Solve (动词) 解决、解答Eg: It isnt going to solve a single th
13、ing. 这解决不了任何问题。【常见搭配】 solve the problem 解决问题Eg: We tried our best to solve the problem. 我们尽最大的努力解决这个问题。【即学即用】1.他非常聪明可以十分钟内解决这个问题。He is very bright and can _ _ _ in ten minutes.答案： solve the problem9.Flute (名词) 长笛【用法讲解】 flute为可数名词，其复数形式为flutes。Eg: He put the flute on his lips and began to play a melo
14、dy.她把长笛放在嘴边开始演奏一首旋律。【常见搭配】 play the flute/ put the flute to ones lips 吹长笛Eg: She likes to play the flute in her free time. 她喜欢在空闲时间吹长笛。【即学即用】1.她在校管弦乐队里吹长笛。She _ _ _ in the school orchestra.答案： plays the flute10.Congratulation (名词) 祝贺、恭喜Eg: Congratulations! You won the competition.祝贺你！你赢了比赛。Congratul
15、ations are in order for your promotion.你的晋升值得祝贺。I offer my sincere congratulations on your graduation.我衷心祝贺你毕业。【常见搭配】 Congratulations on sth.! （对.表示）祝贺！Congratulations to sb.(on sth.) 向某人就某事表示祝贺Eg: Congratulations to you on passing the exam.祝贺你考试通过。【派生词】 congratulate为动词，译为“祝贺、向.道贺”。Eg: I congratulat
16、ed her on winning the competition.我祝贺她赢得了比赛。【即学即用】( )1.- _! You won the first prize.- Thank you.A.Congratulations B.Thank you C.Its my pleasure D.Im so lucky答案： A11.Prize (名词) 奖、奖励【用法讲解】 prize作可数名词时，指“具体的奖品、奖赏或奖励”，其复数形式为prizes；prize作不可数名词时，指“价值、珍视”。Eg: The winners received their prizes at the ceremo
17、ny.获奖者在仪式上领到了他们的奖品。The prize of education is beyond measure. 教育的价值是无法衡量的。【常见搭配】 win first prize 赢得一等奖 A cash prize 现金奖励Eg: He won first prize in the competition. 他在比赛中获得一等奖。The winner will receive a cash prize of $10,000. 获胜者将获得10，000美元的现金奖励。【即学即用】1.我看到他获得一等奖很兴奋。I am excited to see him _ _ _.答案：win
18、first prize12.Attend (动词) 参加、出席【用法讲解】 attend作为及物动词时，后面必须接宾语，不可单独使用。Eg: Many students attend the annual science fair. 许多学生参加年度科学博览会。【常见搭配】 attend a meeting/ event/ class 参加会议/活动/课程Attend to ones needs 照顾某人的需求Attend on/ upon sb. 照料某人Eg: She attends English classes every Saturday. 她每周六都上英语课。He attended
19、 to the needs of the patients. 他照顾病人的需求。She attended on her sick mother day and night.她日夜照料她生病的母亲。【派生词】 attendance为名词，译为“出席、出勤率”。Eg: Attendance at the conference was high. 会议出席率很高。【易混辨析】 attend, join, join in与take part in的区别attend更侧重于正式或重要的活动或场合的出席；join更强调成为某个组织或团体的一员；Join in侧重于临时性、一次性的参与；Take part
20、in则强调实际参与行为，且通常带有积极意义。Eg: He will attend the meeting tomorrow. 他明天将出席会议。She joined the Army last year. 她去年参军。They joined in the conversation. 他们加入了谈话。We took part in the community service project. 我们参加了社区服务项目。【即学即用】( )1.When did you _ the army?A.take part in B.join in C.attend D.join答案： D13.As.as. 像
21、.一样.【用法讲解】 as.as.常用于比较两个相同等级的事物，其基本结构为：as + 形容词/副词 + as；其否定形式为“not as/so + 形容词/副词 + as”。Eg: This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。This dictionary is not as/ so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。【常见搭配】 as.as possible 尽可能As.as usual/ before 像.一样As long as 只要As well as 和.一样好As far as
22、I know 据我所知Eg: Please answer my question as soon as possible. 请尽快回答我的问题。She looks as pretty as before. 她看起来和以前一样漂亮。It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。She cooks as well as her mother does. 她烧菜烧得跟她的母亲一样好。As far as I know, the store has already closed.据我所知，商店已经关门
23、了。【即学即用】( )1.- Who did it better, Kate or Lily?- I think Kate did just _ Lily.A.as well as B.as good as C.as better as D.as badly as答案： A14.Besides (介词) 除.之外；(副词) 而且【用法讲解】besides在作副词时，常用于句首或句尾，用逗号隔开，引出补充说明或递进观点。Eg: Besides English, she can speak French and Spanish.除了英语，她还会说法语和西班牙语。He has few friends
24、 besides us. 除了我们之外，他几乎没有朋友。Besides writing novels, she volunteers at a library.除了写小说，她还在图书馆做志愿者。Besides, we need to consider the cost. 此外，我们还需要考虑成本。I dont want to go; besides, Im too tired. 我不想去，而且我也太累了。【易混辨析】 besides与except区别besides表达“包含性排除”（包括被排除项）；except表达“排他性排除”（不包括被排除项）。Eg: Besides tea, I also
25、 drink coffee. 除了茶，我还喝咖啡。（包括tea在内）I drink everything except tea. 我除了茶什么都喝。（排除tea）【即学即用】( )1.They have nothing _ their dreams of success.A.beside B.except C.besides D.but答案： C15.Spare (形容词) 空闲的、备用的；(动词) 抽出、拨出【用法讲解】 spare作形容词时，还可译为“多余的、剩下的、简朴的”；spare作动词时，还可译为“节省、节约、宽恕、省去、免除”；spare还可作名词，译为“备用品”。Eg: I a
26、lways keep a spare key in case I lock myself out.我总是留一把备用钥匙，以防自己把自己锁在外面。 They have a spare bedroom for guests. 他们有一间为客人准备的备用卧室。She spared no expense to make sure her daughter had the best education.她不惜一切代价确保女儿得到最好的教育。He spared me the details of his failure. 他省略了失败的细节没告诉我。Can you spare me a few minut
27、es of your time? 你能腾出几分钟时间给我吗？I brought a spare in case mine broke. 我带了个备用的，以防我的坏了。【常见搭配】 Spare time 空闲时间Spare no effort 不遗余力Spare a moment/ some time 腾出一会儿/一些时间Eg: How do you spend your spare time? 你在业余时间干什么？People should spare no effort to protect our hometown. 人们要不遗余力地保护我们的家园。I wonder if he could spare some time to meet me. 我想了解他能否空出几分钟见见我。【即学即用】( )1.I asked him to _ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems.A.spend B.spare C.save D.share答案： B7
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