1、Module 3 Literature Section Grammar倒装和强调句 课文原句感知Here are some new magazines.In the middle of the room was a table.Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.Not until at least thirty seconds had passed, was the man able to speak.No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit hi
2、m on the head with the soup spoon.Never have I heard anything like it.Only after the war did he learn the sad news.It was Oliver Twist who was chosen.语法领悟(1)以上句中，句中谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装。句中谓语的一部分放在主语之前，为部分倒装。(2)由句可知，具有否定意义的副词(词组)位于句首，句子要部分倒装。(3)由句可知，当only位于句首，且修饰状语或状语从句时，主句要部分倒装。(4)句为强调句型，其构成为It_is/was被强调
3、部分that/who句子其他成分。一、倒装英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。若把谓语动词放在主语之前，则构成倒装句。如果谓语全部放在主语之前，叫完全倒装，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时；如果只有助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，则构成部分倒装。1完全倒装(1)当表示方位或时间的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out等置于句首，且主语是名词时。Out rushed a girl and a cat.一个女孩和一只猫冲了出来。Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了。名师点津 以上结构中，主语
4、为代词时，不能构成倒装。(2)当表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首且主语是名词时。In the front of the stage stands a famous singer.舞台前站着一位著名的歌唱家。(3)形容词(短语)，过去分词(短语)、现在分词(短语)或介词短语作表语位于句首时，且主语部分较长时，其结构为“表语连系动词主语”。Present at the meeting are Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人。Hanging on the wall is a
5、picture drawn by a 6yearold boy.墙上挂的是一个6岁男孩画的画。2部分倒装(1)表示否定意义的not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, little, in no case, by no means, at no time, on no condition, not until等置于句首时。Seldom do I go to work by bus.我很少乘公交车上班。Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.直到昨天小约翰才改变他的主意。(2)only
6、修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时，主句用部分倒装。Only in this way can you learn from your mistakes.只有用这种方式你才能从错误中吸取教训。Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.直到1918年战争结束时，他才能愉快地重新投身于工作。(3)以so, neither, nor开头的句子用部分倒装，表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者。He studies English well; so does his sister.他英语学得很好，
7、他妹妹也是如此。Mary cant ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.玛丽不会骑自行车，露西也不会。(4)在so.that.与such.that.句型中，so与such部分位于句首时，要用部分倒装。So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.他的要价太离谱，令每个人都瞠目结舌。(5)hardly.when., no sooner.than., not only.but (also).等连接两个句子，hardly, no sooner, not only置于句首时，紧接否定词之后的句子要用部分
8、倒装语序。Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.他刚开口说话就被父亲制止了。Not only did he refuse the gift, but (also) he severely criticized the sender.他不但拒绝了礼物，而且还严厉批评了送礼的人。(6)含有were, should, had的虚拟条件句，可以省略if，将were, should, had提到句首进行倒装。Were she my friend, I would ask her for help.如果她是我的朋友，我就会向她求助
9、。Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.他要是听了我的建议，就成功了。(7)as引导的让步状语从句必须部分倒装，though引导的让步状语从句可倒装，也可不倒装。两者的倒装形式为“形容词/副词/分词/动词as/though主语谓语”。Ugly as/though the old man is, he is kind.虽然那位老人很丑，但他很善良。名师点津 当作表语的单数可数名词放在句首时，名词前不用冠词。Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。即学即练1(1)句型转换He not on
10、ly likes reading stories, but also he can write some.Not only does he like reading stories,_but also he can write some.A tall tree with a history of 1,000 years just stands in front of our house.Just in front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years.It was not until his mother c
11、ame back home after work that David began to do his homework.Not until his mother came back home after work did David begin to do his homework.He had no sooner taken out his cellphone than the head teacher came into the classroom.No sooner had he taken out his cellphone than the head teacher came in
12、to the classroom.(2)完成句子Not until a week later did_he_receive (他才收到) the letter from his sister.Jack likes skating. So_does_Mary (玛丽也是如此)On top of the books is_the_photo_album (是相册) youre looking for.I failed the final examination last term. Only then did_I_realize (我才意识到) that I had wasted a lot of
13、 time.Not only was_he_forced (他被迫) to surrender, but everything he had was taken away.Gone_are_the_days (的日子过去了) when Chinese were looked down upon.Student_as_she_is (尽管她还是个学生), she can make some money to help support the family.二、强调句1强调句型的结构：It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部分It was only when the car pull
14、ed up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.当车停在了我们房前时我们才看到莉莉坐在乘客席上。It is in this way that we will finish the task.我们将用这种方法完成这项任务。It was the doctor who/that saved my mother.是那位医生救了我的母亲。名师点津只有在强调表示人的名词代词时，才可用it is.who.，除此之外，一律用it is.that.。2强调句型一般疑问句的结构：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who句子其
15、他部分？Is it the ability to do the job that matters?做这项工作的能力很重要吗？3强调句型特殊疑问句的结构：特殊疑问词(What/Who/When/Why/Where/How)is/was itthat/who句子其他部分？Why was it that they had to stay at home all day?为什么他们不得不待在家里一整天？4not.until.句型的强调句型为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他部分。Bach died in 1750 but it was no until the early
16、19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音乐才能才得到完全认可。名师点津判断强调句型的依据：把itbe动词以及that/who去掉后，这句话结构和句意仍然完整，即为强调句型。即学即练2句型转换It was in 1939 that the Second World War broke out. (一般疑问句)Was_it_in_1939_that_the_Second_World_War_broke_out?Young as she is, she knows a lot. (正常语
17、序)Although/Though_she_is_young,_she_knows_a_lot.He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.(倒装句)Hardly_had_he_left_the_office_when_the_telephone_rang.Mr Black had no sooner set out than a thunderstorm broke. (倒装句)No_sooner_had_Mr_Black_set_out_than_a_thunderstorm_broke.His contribution is
18、 so great that he can be called “the greatest of his generation”. (倒装句)So_great_is_his_contribution that he can be called “the greatest of his generation”What caused him to make so many mistakes? (强调句型的特殊疑问句)What_was_it_that caused him to make so many mistakes？单句语法填空1Only when Lily walked into the o
19、ffice did (do) she realize that she had left the contract at home.解析：“only状语从句”置于句首，主句需用部分倒装形式。由题干可知此处应用一般过去时。2It was when we returned home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.解析：此处考查强调句型It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分。3Was it because Jack came late for school tha
20、t Mr Smith got angry?解析：考查强调句型的一般疑问形式Is/was it被强调部分that/who其他部分。4Under the tree lies (lie) a drunk man.解析：表示地点、方位等副词置于句首，句子用完全倒装句。5Here comes (come) the doctor.解析：此句为完全倒装句。6No sooner had I left (leave) than she called.解析：no sooner.than一就，从句部分用过去完成时态；否定词置于句首，句子用部分倒装，故填had; left。7If you take part in t
21、he party, so will I.解析：sobe动词/助动词/情态动词主语，意为“也是如此”。8On the wall hangs (hang) one map as well as dozens of pictures.解析：表示地点的副词或介词短语置于句首，句子用全部倒装，而且谓语动词单复数应与map保持一致。9Were (be) I you, I wouldnt do such a thing.解析：if引导的虚拟语气中，如果省略if需倒装。10Expensive as it is, the clothes will never be out of date.解析：as引导的让步状语从句中，把所强调的信息放在句首，句子倒装。