1、Lesson 28 No parkingtraffic jamtraffic accidentp rare adj.罕见的p ancient adj.古代的，古老的p myth n.神话故事p trouble n.麻烦p effect n.结果，效果New wordsrare adj.1)=unusual It is rare for Jay to be late.rare animal 稀有动物rare bird 珍稀鸟类rare illness 疑难杂症2)rare:几乎是生的Meat is rare.牛排几分熟：三分-rare;四分-medium rare;五分-medium;七分-me
2、dium well;全熟-well done;ancient adj.古代的,古老的ancient Chinaancient Egypt 古埃及ancient history n.古代史,antique ntik n.古玩,古董adj.古老的，年代久远的antique furniture 古董家具antique shop 古玩店 trouble n.麻烦；烦恼；vt.麻烦；使烦恼；My teeth are giving(causing)me trouble.(pain)(pain)have trouble with sth 烦恼某事We are having trouble with our
3、new car.(worry)(worry)have trouble in doing sthI have(no)trouble(in)parking the car.(difficulty)(difficulty)ask for troubleYou are just asking for trouble if you dont give them the money.(silly,dangerous)(silly,dangerous)put sb.in troubleIm sorry to put you in trouble.(bad situation(bad situation局面局
4、面)经典顺口溜(tongue twister)：Never trouble troubles until troubles trouble you.永远不要自寻烦恼 effect n.结果,效果have an effect 有效果have no effect 没有效果have an effect on sb./sth.对.有效果Did the medicine have any/good effect on your headache?The film had a big effect on her.The advice has no effect on me.myth n.神话故事fairy
5、 神仙故事ancient mythMythMedusa(神话故事)Gorgon MedusaGorgon n.三位蛇发女妖之一美杜莎曾是一位美丽的 少女，一头乌黑的头发使她容光照人。但是她胆敢跟战争女神雅典娜比美，女神将她的鬈发变成嘶嘶作响的毒蛇。她变成了一头面目可憎的怪物，任何有生命的东西只要看到她就立刻变成石头。Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths.he has just bought a new house in the city,but ever since he moved in,h
6、e has had trouble with cars and their owners.When he returns home at night,he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate.Because of this,he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate,but these have not had any e
7、ffect.Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate.It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa,the Gorgon.jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.But none of them has been turned to stone yet!ancient myth 古代神话故事1
8、.What kind of person is Jasper White?Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.贾斯泊怀特是少有相信古代神话的人之一。have trouble with sth 烦恼某事2.What did Jasper buy in the city and what happened later?He has just bought a new house in the city,but ever since he moved in,he has had trouble
9、with cars and their owners.他刚在城里买了一所新房子，但自从搬进去后，就和汽车及车主发生了摩擦。return home 回家 park cars 停车be able to do 能做garage 车库3.What trouble had Jasper have with cars and their owners?When he returns home at night,he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate.Because of this,he has not been able
10、 to get his own car into his garage even once.当他夜晚回到家时，总是发现有人把车停在他家大门外。为此，他甚至一次也没能把自己的车开进车库。effect 效果4.What did Jasper do to solve the problem?Did it have any effect?贾斯泊曾把“禁止停车”的牌子挂在门外，但没有任何效果。Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate,but these have not had any effect.ugly 丑陋的5.What did Ja
11、sper put over the gate?Was it beautiful or ugly?现在他把一个丑陋的石雕头像放在了大门上边，这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一。Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate.It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.Medusa Gorgon 美杜莎6.What the stone was?Why did Jasper put it there?我问他那是什么，他告诉我那是蛇发女妖美杜莎。贾斯泊希望她能把那些汽车和车主们都变成石头。I asked hi
12、m what it was and he told me that it was Medusa,the Gorgon.Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.turnto变成7.Did anyone be turned to stone?但到目前为止还没有一个变成石头呢！But none of them has been turned to stone yet!layv.放，搁；下蛋liev.躺，位于，说谎过去式过去分词现在分词laylaidlaidlayinglielaylainlyinglie（说谎）li
13、edliedlying词汇Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe inancient myths.1.one of 其中之一 one of the studentsof后面一定要用可数名词复数或集合名词如果在定语从句中出现了one of作为先行词,它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词。Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe inancient myths.如果在one of前面还有一修饰词(the)only,那么后边的关系代词将指代one这个词,才作单数看He
14、is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.Oneof在句中作主语，那么动词选择单数形式Oneofthoseanswersisright.2.believe in 信任;信仰Do you believe in ghosts?I believe in his words very much.He has just bought a new house in the city,but ever since he moved in,he has had trouble with cars and their o
15、wners.1.ever since =since从那以后一直（ever since的语气比since强，主句一般用完成时）Ive been interested in flying ever since I was a boy.He left the village last year and has never returnedever since.2.have trouble with sb.和某人相处有麻烦I have trouble with my roommate室友.When he returns home at night,he always finds thatsomeone
16、 has parked a car outside his gate.Because ofBecause ofthisthis,he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.1.because只能作连词用，后面接从句You cant remember his name,because you arent really thinking.because of 由于，介词短语，后面不可以跟从句，只能跟名词、代词或动词“-ing”Because of 因为（人、物体）We have waited in the ra
17、in for three ours because of you!Because of+句子Because of he has had lunch yet，he isnt hungry now.Because of+V-ingBecause of swimming，he gave up the study.When he returns home at night,he always finds thatsomeone has parked a car outside his gate.Because ofBecause ofthisthis,he has not been able to g
18、et his own car into his garage even once.1.be able to do 能做+动词原形用这个搭配的主语一般都是人,表示有能力去做can 表示天生的或学到的能力时，只能用于现在时和过去时（could），而不可用于将来时。将来时中表示能力时必须用be able to。在现在时和过去时中，can/could与be able to一般可以互换，在完成时中一般用be able to。Tom is only 9 months old and he is already able to stand up.Ill be able to pass my driving
19、test after Ive had a few lessons.2.get sth.into 把弄进get his car into his garage3.drive the car into 把车子撞上某地I drove the car into the tree.4.even once:甚至一次,even 起强调作用 Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate,but these have not had any effect.Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate.1.
20、put up 张贴2.Over the gateon 接触在上面over 悬挂在上面，更高It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa,the Gorgon.1.I have ever seen 做定语从句,修饰前边的faces如果关系词在从句中做宾语,关系词可以省略,所以 I 前的which被省略This is the most difficult thing I have ever done.This is the most
21、terrible news I have ever heard.It is one of the funniest stories that I have ever read.2.is one of the adj.est(that)I have ever seen有两个结构一定用最高级：of+范围of all the studentsin+地点He is the tallest in the room.Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.But none of them has been turned
22、to stone yet!1.turn sth.to 把前者变成后者turn the prince to a frog He was turned to a frog.They have turned the famous beauty spot to/into an ugly place.A sudden storm turns the earth to mud.Years of doing the same dull dl单调job can turnyou into a machine.2.none of,neither of 做主语时做单数看待None of us cares what
23、happens to him.Read and find the useful expressions相信，信奉与相处有麻烦泊车，停车每天晚上 由于张贴把变成believe inhave trouble withpark a carat night because of put up turn sth to sthJasper White is one of those rare people who _ ancient myths.he has just bought a new house in the city,but _ he moved in,he has _ cars and th
24、eir owners.When he returns home at night,he always finds that someone has _ a car outside his gate._ this,he has not been able to get his own car into _ even once.believe inhad trouble withparkedBecause ofhis garageListen and Completeever sinceJasper has _ No Parking signs outside his gate,but these
25、 have not _.Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate._.I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa,the Gorgon.Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.But _ them has been _ yet!put uphad any effectturned to stoneIt is one of the ugliest faces I have ever se
26、ennone of【Key structures】What has happened?现在完成时与现在完成时连用的副词和副词短语：before(now)，so far，up to/till now，just，already，now，ever，never，since和for 等，since 一般与一个时间点连用，for 一般与时间段连用。【Key structures】What has happened?现在完成时have(has)+just/already+过去分词have(has)+过去分词+yet过去的动作持续到现在乃至未来have(has)+过去分词+since/ever sinceha
27、ve(has)+过去分词+for【Key structures】What has happened?现在完成时延续性动作live,teach,learn,work,study,know非延续性动作come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,get married2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。像come,arrive,buy等非延续性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive
28、be here begin(start)be on die be dead come backbe back leave be away fall ill(sick,asleep)be ill(sick,asleep)get upbe up go out be out finish be over put on wear 或be on open be open joinbe in或 be a member of close be closed go to schoolbe a student borrow keep buy have catch(a cold)have(a cold)get t
29、o know know begin to studystudy come to workwork等用于现在完成时的句型1）It is the first/second time.that结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.2）This is the that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.This is the best film that Ive(ever)seen.This is the fir
30、st time(that)Ive heard him sing.(1)-Do you know our town at all?-No,this is the first time I _ here.A.was B.have beenC.cameD.am comingB(2)-Have you _ been to our town before?-No,its the first time I _ here.A.even,come B.even,have comeC.ever,comeD.ever,have comeD 4.We _ Xiao Li since she was a little
31、 girl.A.Know B.had known C.have known D.knew3.He has _ been to Shanghai,has he?A.already B.neverC.ever D.stillB C 6.-These farmers have been to the United States.-Really?When _ there?A will they go B.did they go C.do they go D.have they gone5.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_ it twice.A.will see B
32、.have seen C.saw D.seeB B 7.She _ Robert for a year.A.married B.married withC.has been marrying D.has been married toD定语从句所句所修饰的名词称作先行词。先行词:放在定语从句前面,而且是两句话共同含有的词,还是被定语从句修饰的词定语从句:句子做定语,一般放在被修饰词后面四个关系代词:Who,whom,which,that,(whose)关系代词在从句中可以做主语也可以做宾语。定语从句关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系指人指物在定语从句中的作
33、用Who主语宾语Whom宾语Which主语宾语that主语宾语whose定语who 在从句当中做主语或做宾语whom 只能在从句当中做宾语which 指物,即可以做主语,又可以做宾语that 即可以指物,又可以指人,即可以做主语,又可以做宾语The man is Chair Hu.Chair Hu is shaking hands with a woman.The man who is shaking hands with a woman is Chair Hu.Jasper is one of those rare people.Those rare people believe in an
34、cient myth.The book is not very interesting.Mary lent me a book yesterday.The book which Mary lent me yesterday is not very interesting.Jasper lives in the house.The window of the house is broken.Jasper lives in the house whosewindow is broken.the pilot of the plane was not hurt.The plane landed in
35、a field.I have a book that/which he likes.(“book”为先行词“that/which”为关系代词)The boy who is standing at the door is my brother.I can do anything that I can do.我愿意做我力所能及的事情来帮助你The boat whose name is.I have a house whose windows are broken.我有一个房子,房子的窗户都破了.关系代词在关系从句中作宾语时往往可以省略，作主语时则不可以。whose 后面一定要加一个名词,然后这个部
36、分共同做主语或宾语The boy whose sister is standing at the door is my brother.妹妹站在门口的男孩是我弟弟The pilot whose plane landed in a field was not hurt.把飞机降落在田里的飞行员没有受伤Exercise(Exercise(在需要的地方填上在需要的地方填上who,which,thatwho,which,that或或whose)whose)The only games _ I play are football and tennis.先行词如果用only,序数词,形容词最高级修饰,其后
37、边的关系词只用thatThis is the hotel at _ we are staying.句中的“at”原来在“staying”的后边介词后加物的话,只加which,加人的话,用whom,都不可用that,who也不能She is the girl who/whom/that I stayed with.She is the girl with whom I stayed.That is the house in which I live.Exercise(在需要的地方填上who,which,that或whose)That is the horse _ won the race.选wh
38、ich,不能用that，句子中用词避免重复,句首已有了一个“that”,故选“which”而不是“that”Who is the man that is helping you?谁是那个正在帮助你的人?（不用“who”避免重复）He is the sort of person _ everyone admires.不填 person 是先行词,在从句中做宾语【Multiple choice questions】It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.Ive never seen _d_a.an ugly one b.an ugliest
39、one c.the ugliest one d.an uglier one比较级来表达最高级的概念：better than anything else 最好The teacher is the tallest in the room.The teacher is taller than anyone else in the room.I have never seen a taller one._b_ of them has been turned to stone.a.No one b.Not one c.No d.Even oneno 是形容词,后加名词no one=nobody(“nob
40、ody”指的是人,它将“cars”排除了是不对的)，不定代词后不用of可以用的有:neither of/none of/both of/all ofnone of=not one of【Multiple choice questions】He is a rare person.You _c_ meet such people.a.often b.never c.seldom d.sometimesrarely=seldom 几乎不做 rarely adv.很少地,罕有地Not all car owners are good _d_.a.guides b.conductors c.leaders d.driversnot all 不是所有的（部分否定概念）Not all students are good.Not all children are naughty.The signs havent had any effect.They havent _a_ anyone.a.affected b.effected c.resulted in d.imposedeffect n.影响have effect 有效果affect v.影响Thank You!
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