1、课时作业44The Renaissance.阅读理解(2019安徽省江淮十校联考)Astronaut Scott Kelly has been living on the International Space Station (ISS) since March 28,2015. And just like any other home, the ISS requires some housekeeping in the form of repairs.That is why Kelly and fellow astronaut Kjell Lindgren performed extrave
2、hicular (舱外的) activity (EVA) outside the station. The operation began at 8：03 am and lasted for more than seven hours. It was the first spacewalk for both men.The ISS has been in constant use for 15 years and has hosted over 200 people, including astronauts and private tourists. During their EVA, Ke
3、lly and Lindgren did basic electrical work, such as attaching new cables that would provide power to docking ports (对接舱门) on the station. The two astronauts also fixed a thermal (保暖的) cover on a key scientific instrument on the station to protect it from the harsh temperatures of space.As the senior
4、 astronaut, Kelly led the spacewalk. However, Lindgren dealt with some of the more challenging parts of the job as he has longer arms than Kelly.During a spacewalk, the simplest work becomes a difficult task. Kelly and Lindgren spent months training and practicing for the operation. The preparation
5、began in NASAs Neutral Buoyancy Lab (NBL), where astronauts were made to work in an environment similar to the one outside the space station.Even getting the space suits ready can take days. While each suit is built to fit perfectly the astronaut who will wear it, adjustments need to be made right u
6、p to the moment when the spacewalk begins. The adjustments address any changes in the astronauts bodies that have occurred as a result of being in a gravityfree environment.本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍两名宇航员太空漫步的情况。1Kelly and Lindgren performed the spacewalk just to _.Areceive an operation in spaceBcarry out a scie
7、ntific experimentCtest whether the ISS was working wellDdo something for the ISS to work well答案：D解析：释义：细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段的第一句可知，两名宇航员太空漫步旨在给国际空间站做一些维护工作。2Lindgren handled some more difficult work because he _.Ais younger than KellyBlikes to be challengedCis more skillful than KellyDhas a physical adv
8、antage over Kelly答案：D解析：释义：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，Lindgren是因其身体上的优势才肩负着更具挑战性的工作。3Why were the two astronauts trained in NBL?ATo simplify their daily work.BTo adapt to working in space.CTo test their abilities to perform a spacewalk.DTo make preparations for adjusting space suits.答案：B解析：释义：推理判断题。根据第五段第三句可知
9、，实验室模仿了太空站外的环境，由此可推知他们在实验室训练旨在适应在太空环境下工作。4What can we conclude from the text?AThe ISS has only hosted astronauts.BOnes body is different in size in space.CThe ISS has controlled the temperatures of space.DSpace suits adjust themselves to the gravityfree environment.答案：B解析：释义：推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句可知，太空服需要根
10、据人体在失重环境下发生的变化而做出调整，故选B项。.阅读填句(2019成都八中月考)Everyone wants to help friends when theyre in trouble or have a major life decision to make. _1_ Thats why its important to consider the when, how, what and why of giving advice to a friend._2_ Always measure your words carefully, especially if the advice co
11、ncerns love or money, and most often it will. Weigh the benefits and possible problems of your advice. People will take your words more seriously if its obvious that you take the time to sincerely analyze their situation.Offer choices to solve the problem. _3_ By listing choices, you can involve you
12、rself in a discussion with them to arrive at a satisfactory course of action instead of warning them about what to do. Be concise (简练的) but specific about your suggestions, occasionally giving examples from your own experience.Give the advice constructively. Try to use positive language. Let people
13、know how to change for the better. Focus on how they can take steps to make their life better. _4_Listen to your friends. _5_ If people disagree with what you say, ask them why instead of getting defensive. Understand their situation, and be sensitive to the sadness or anger they express. Even thoug
14、h logic will solve their problem, be aware of the strong emotions connected with their situation.ASpeak to your friends in private.BThink carefully before you speak.CIf you give advice from the heart, it can help a person a lot.DThey will feel more comfortable if you talk to them with sympathy.EGet
15、as much information from them as possible before offering advice.FTheres no rule saying you should give your friends only one solution to problems.GBy doing so, theyre more likely to accept your advice because meanwhile youre encouraging them.本文是一篇说明文。讲的是如何给别人提供建议。1C解析：释义：根据上下文可知本句起到承上启下的作用，顺着首句中提到的
16、“help”把话题转到提建议上。2B解析：释义：由本段的内容可以概括出本段的主旨，即在提建议之前要认真思考。3F解析：释义：本句从另一个角度来阐明主题句，由空处上下文的“choices”可知，提建议时要提供多种选择，故选F项。4G解析：释义：由上文提到的使用积极的语言提供建设性的建议及“change for the better”“make their life better”可知，G选项中的“youre encouraging them”符合语境。5E解析：释义：由上一句“Listen to your friends”以及下文中的“Understand their situation”可知E
17、项“在提建议前要从他们那里获取尽可能多的信息”符合语境。.语法填空(2019保定一中调研)After four years of living here, I have a better _1_ (understand) of northern Chinas food.Northern Chinas hearty food is _2_ (general) more acceptable to Westerners. They can enjoy Beijing Roast Duck, beef and dairy from Inner Mongolia, and Korean dishes
18、in the northeast. Northern China experiences cold and dry winters, and hot summers, _3_ (make) calories and salt replacement more important. As a result, northern dishes have strong flavors, compared with the south _4_ dishes are lighter in flavor.Wheat is the main crop of northern China, and you wi
19、ll find a variety of wheatflour _5_ (product). Rice is also eaten in the north, but it is certainly secondary to wheat. Dumplings are very popular in the north, _6_ (serve) with vinegar for dipping.Northerners tend to eat more meat and dairy for the purpose _7_ fighting against the cold weather. Mos
20、t meat dishes _8_ (base) on mutton, pork, beef, chicken, and fish._9_ are less fresh vegetables available because of the cold weather. Fruit is traditionally limited to a few hard seasonal varieties like apples, so it doesnt feature much in the cuisine, although the northwest is famous for _10_ (it)
21、 dried fruit and wine.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._本文介绍了中国北方的饮食。1understanding解析：释义：设空处作宾语，前面有a better限定且意为“理解”，故填understanding。2generally解析：释义：设空处修饰谓语，故填副词generally。3making解析：释义：Northern China与make之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且make所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填making。4where解析：释义：设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰the south，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。5produ
22、cts解析：释义：此处意为“各种各样由面粉制成的产品”，故填product的复数形式。6served解析：释义：设空处作后置定语，serve与Dumplings之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填served。7of解析：释义：for the purpose of意为“以为目的”。8are_based解析：释义：此处描述的是客观事实，且主语meat dishes与base之间是被动关系，故填are based。9There解析：释义：句意：由于天气寒冷，新鲜蔬菜比较少。此处是there be句型，故填There。10its解析：释义：设空处后有名词fruit and wine，故填形容词性物主代词。.
23、短文改错(2019重庆南开中学质量检测)I found a reference book in a bookstore near our school. The book was just what I was badly in need for; however, it was too expensive. The owner of the shop could only give me the discount of 10 per cent. My deskmates suggestion was that I bought one online. He said goods online
24、 were usually much cheap. Followed his advice, I surfed on the Internet. And to my great delight, the book offered at half price online. I immediately purchased it online without hesitations. Thanks to my deskmate, I saved about 40 yuan, with that I treated him to a meal the other day.答案与解析1forof解析：
25、释义：考查介词短语。in need of为固定搭配，意思是“需要”。2thea解析：释义：考查冠词。a discount of为固定搭配，意思是“的折扣”。3boughtbuy解析：释义：考查虚拟语气。suggestion在这里的意思是“建议”，后面的表语从句运用虚拟语气。谓语动词部分是“should动词原形”，或者直接用动词原形。4cheapcheaper解析：释义：考查形容词的比较级。这里是网上购买这本书与书店购买这本书的比较，因此用比较级最好。5FollowedFollowing解析：释义：考查非谓语动词。Following的逻辑主语是I，I与follow之间为主动关系，因此用动词ing
26、作状语。6去掉on解析：释义：考查动词。surf为及物动词，因此去掉介词on。7offered前加was解析：释义：考查语态。offer是及物动词，book与offer间为被动关系，因此用被动语态。8itone解析：释义：考查代词。这里表达a book，而不是the book，因此用one，而不用it。9hesitationshesitation解析：释义：考查名词。without hesitation为固定搭配，意思是“毫不迟疑地”，其中，hesitation不用复数形式。10thatwhich解析：释义：考查定语从句引导词。which在这里引导了定语从句，介词提前，引导词用which，而不
27、可以用that。.书面表达(2019临川二中质检)假定你是李华，目前在美国你校的友好学校Wilson High School学习交流，将于下周一回国。请通过电子邮件给该校校长Mr Smith写一封感谢信。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。One possible version：Dear_Mr_Smith，Im_Li_Hua,_an_exchange_student_from_China_visiting_your_school_now._How_time_flies!_Ive_been_here_for_several_weeks_and_will_be_back_h
28、ome_next_Monday._Im_writing_to_express_my_sincere_thanks_to_you.During_my_stay,_Ive_learnt_so_much_about_your_school._To_my_amazement,_your_school_possesses_great_learning_resources_and_excellent_teachers._Thanks_to_your_proper_arrangements,_I_attended_many_classes_of_different_subjects,_learning_much_knowledge._Meanwhile,_I_established_good_relationships_with_some_students_in_your_school_and_got_to_know_your_culture_at_the_same_time._I_sincerely_hope_you_can_visit_my_school_someday.Thank_you_for_your_help_and_support_again._Welcome_to_China.Yours，Li_Hua