1、基础知识自测1._ adj.胡乱的;任意的2._ n.燃料3._ prep.每,每一4._n.资料；数据5._ n.洪水,水灾;v.淹没flood randomfuelperdata一、单词拼写6._ adj.温和的;温柔的7._ n.州,国；v.陈述,声明8._ n.种类；范围9._ adj.分布广的widespreadmildstaterange10._ adj.平均的11._ vt.提倡；主张12._ adj.电的13._ vt.使恢复；使振作14._ adj.核的；核能的nuclear averageadvocateelectricalrefresh1._vt.消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完_
2、n.消费者2._ n.结果;后果;影响_ adj.随之发生的;作为结果的_ adv.所以;因此;结果二、单词拓展(A)单词派生consequently consumeconsumerconsequenceconsequent3._ adj.平稳的;持续的;稳固的_ adv.平稳地;持续地steadily steady4._ v.污染_ n.污染pollutepollution5._ v.增长；生长_ n.增长；生长6._ v.教育_ n.教育工作者_ n.教育growthgroweducationeducateeducator(B)灵活运用1.The price increases were
3、passed on by the firm to the _(consume).1.在冠词后用名词,指“消费者”,由句意可知用复数形式。2.Our educational reform was _(steady)led onto the correct path.2.修饰谓语动词,用副词。steadilyconsumers3.A lot of _ water from the chemical works brought the _ into the river.(pollute)3.第一空因water是被污染的,作定语,故用过去分词;第二空在冠词后面用名词形式。pollutedpolluti
4、on4.Fertilizer will help the _(grow)of these tomato plants.4.在冠词后用名词形式。5.As a/an _,he put the _ of art into practice.(educate)5.两空都是在冠词后用名词,前者表示“教育工作者”,后者表示“教育”。educatoreducationgrowth三、短语翻译1._ 发生;造成2._ 同意;赞成;订购3._ 大量的4._ 上升;增长;升起5._ 导致result in come aboutsubscribe toquantities ofgo up6._ 反对7._ 即使8.
5、_ 继续9._ 大体上;基本上10._ 代表 on behalf of be opposed toeven ifkeep onon the whole11._ 忍受；容忍12._ 只要13._ 等等14._ 扫视;瞥一眼 glance atput up withso/as long asand so on四、课文回顾 The Earths surface temperature has risen by about one degree Fahrenheit today.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming 1_(warm).But how
6、has this come about and does it matter?People have fierce debates about whether 2 _ is human activity that has caused this global warming,3_(compare)with most of the natural changes.warmer it compared Many scientists 4 _ Dr.Janice Foster believe that people have caused the increase in the earths tem
7、perature 5 _ burning fossil fuels like coal,natural gas and oil to produce energy.Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases,the most important one of 6_ is carbon dioxide.The increased amount of carbon dioxide means that more heat energy 7 _(trap)in the atmosphere 8_(cause)the glob
8、al temperature to go up.like by which is trapped causing On the other hand，some scientists predict that any warming will be mild with few bad 9_(environment)consequences.Anyhow，even if we start reducing 10_ amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming f
9、or decades or centuries.environmental the 五、语段改错We know that the levels of carbon dioxide hasincreased greatly over last 100 to 150 years.Itwas a scientist was called Charles Keeling,whomade accurate measurements of the amount ofcarbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.havethebetweenHe fou
10、nd that from these years thecarbon dioxide in the atmosphere wentdown from around 315 parts to around370 parts per million.All scientist acceptthis data.upscientistsHe also agree that it is the burning of moreand more fossil fuels that have resulted inthis increase in carbon dioxide.However,the atti
11、tude of scientists for this rise iscompletely difference.differentTheyhasto/towards1.has have 因主语levels为复数形式，故用have。2.在last前加the 指在“最近多少年里”习惯上说in/over the lastyears，且与完成时连用。3.去掉called前的was 过去分词called作后置定语。4.from between 指代前面的from 1957 to 1997。表示“在期间”，用介词between。5.down up 根据下文“from around 315 parts t
12、o around 370 parts per million”可知应该是上升(go up)，而非下降(go down)。6.scientist scientists“所有的科学家”，肯定不止一个，所以用复数。7.He They 指代前句的scientists，用复数形式。8.have has 强调句式，强调主语the burning of more and more fossil fuels，根据主谓一致，与the burning一致应为单数，故改用has。9.for to/towards 表示“对的态度”，为the attitude to/towards。10.difference diff
13、erent 作表语，应用形容词形式。重点词汇讲练原句 The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时,问题就来了。(B6 P26)1.quantities of=a large quantity of 许多,大量的例句Quantities of flood were pumped into the lake.大量的洪水被抽进湖里。注意 a quantity of后既可接复数可数名词，也可接不可数名词。作主语时，如果后接
14、不可数名词，谓语用单数形式;如果后接复数可数名词，谓语常用复数形式。quantities of后既可接复数可数名词，也可接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语都用复数形式。运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。A quantity of baskets _ (be)on sale last night.Quantities of polluted water _(be)flowing into the sea now.wereare A large quantity of beer _ consumed,which caused the fact that quantities of crops _ impor
15、ted last year.(be)werewas原句It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.(B6 P26)2.go up(=rise)上升;增长;升起;兴建例句The price is going up.价格在上升。提示 go up没有被动语态,可用进行时。运用 根据中文意思完成下面句子。物价又上涨了。Prices _ again.到处在兴建新工厂。New factories _ everywhere.are go
16、ing uphave gone up3.(原因)result in(结果)引起;导致;造成(结果)result from(原因)由于而引起原句They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点,正是由于越来越多燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。(B6 P26)例句 His carelessness resulted in the accident.他的粗心大意导致了这起意外。同义 br
17、ing about,lead to导致运用 填入一个适当的词。Their dispute resulted _ war.His illness resulted _ the bad food.fromin原句 On the other hand,there are those,like George Hambley,who are opposed to this view,believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面,还有一些人,像科学家乔治汉布利,反对上面的观点,他们
18、认为我们不必担心空气中含有高含量的二氧化碳。(B6 P27)4.be opposed to 强烈反对例句 Public opinion was opposed to the war.舆论是反对那场战争的。运用(1)They were bitterly opposed _ the scheme.(2)They are opposed to _(use)the mild statement.usingto原句I am doing a project on behalf ofmy school about global warming.我正代表学校做一项关于全球变暖的课题研究。(B6 P30)5.o
19、n behalf of 代表一方;作为的代言人例句The lawyer spoke on behalf ofhis firm.律师代表他的公司发言。运用 填一个恰当的词或完成句子。我们代表无家可归的人筹集了一些钱。We collected some money _ _.He had no time to come here,and thus his father would accept the award _ behalf of him.onon behalfof the homeless写作句型仿写原句There is no doubt that the earth is becoming
20、 warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问,全球正在变暖,而全球变暖是人为的,并不是随意的自然现象。(B6 P26)1.There is no doubt that.毫无疑问例句 There is no doubt that we will help him out.毫无疑问,我们会帮他摆脱困境的。仿写 完成下列句子。毫无疑问,许多人是靠勤劳致富的。There is no
21、 doubt that quantities of people have become rich owing to/due to their hard work.毫无疑问,她会遵守诺言的。_.毫无疑问,那位教育家反对这个标语。_ is no doubt that the educator _ the slogan.There is no doubt that she will keep her wordis opposed toThere原句Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases,the most importa
22、nt one of which is carbon dioxide.这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫做“温室”气体,其中最重要的是二氧化碳。(B6 P26)2.the+最高级+one of+which/whom is.其中最的是例句She has three brothers,the most excellent one of whomworks for a club.她有三个哥哥,其中最优秀的供职于俱乐部。仿写 将下列句子译成英文。应采取一些可能的措施以防止我们的地球越来越热,而其中最重要的措施之一是限制私家车的使用。Some possible actions should be taken t
23、o keep our earth from getting warm,_ is to limit the use of private cars.the most important one ofwhich 一些良好的学习方法应采取以改善你的学习,而其中最有效的方法之一是与你的同学讨论。Some good learning methods should be adopted to improve your study,_ is to discuss with your classmates.the most effective one of which 原句 It was a scientis
24、t called Charles Keeling,who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957to 1997.(B6 P26)3.It is/was+被强调部分+that例句It was in the park thatthey saw the elephant.他们是在公园里看到大象的。仿写 将下列句子译成英文。彼得访问了我们学校。_ visited our school.班长上周代表我们作了发言。_ our monitor made a speech on behalf of us.It was last week thatIt was Peter that/whoThank You!