1、专题检测卷(十五)完形填空(建议用时: 40分钟) A(2013钦州模拟)体裁说明文话题火车词数263For years and years people have been saying that railways are dead. “We can do without1, ”people say2motor-cars and planes have made the railways3. We all keep hearing that trains are slow, that they4money and that they are dying. But this is5. In t
2、hese days of expensive oil, the railways have become6competitive with motor-cars and planes. If you want to7people or goods from place to place, theyre8planes. And they have much in common9planes. A plane goes in a10line, and so does a railway. What is more, it takes you from the11of a city into the
3、 heart of another. It doesnt leave you as a plane does, miles and miles from the city center. It doesnt12you up as a car does in endless traffic jams. And a single train can carry goods which a plane could13do. Far from being dead, the railways are very much14. Modern railway lines give you a15, unt
4、roubled journey. Where else can you eat well, sleep in16, feel safe and enjoy the scene while youre traveling at speed at the same time? 17we are only at the beginning, for weve18entered the19of super-fast trains, trains traveling at 150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we20so m
5、uch on motor-cars we cant use because we have not enough money to buy oil and planes we cant fly for the same reason. 1. A. railwaysB. planesC. busesD. cars2. A. thatB. sinceC. butD. as if3. A. usefulB. importantC. unnecessaryD. possible4. A. put awayB. loseC. save upD. earn5. A. far from the truthB
6、. close to the factC. partly wrongD. completely right6. A. expensivelyB. expensiveC. highlyD. high7. A. sendB. carryC. holdD. take8. A. cheaper thanB. more expensive thanC. as cheap asD. as expensive as9. A. asB. likeC. withD. for10. A. strangeB. squareC. circleD. straight11. A. squareB. suburbC. si
7、deD. heart12. A. keepB. holdC. takeD. bring13. A. evenB. oftenC. neverD. easily14. A. livelyB. aliveC. comfortableD. bright15. A. roughB. untouchedC. smoothD. short16. A. comfortB. bedC. daysD. travel17. A. ButB. AsC. OrD. And18. A. onlyB. exactlyC. justD. simply19. A. seasonB. ageC. timeD. year20.
8、A. payB. costC. needD. spend【拓展训练】1. According to the passage, what advantages do the railways have? (no more than 25 words)_2. Do you think railways are dead? Give some reasons. (no more than 25 words)_B(2013开封模拟)体裁说明文话题健康词数277Overweight has been a great concern for many people. In an attempt to ke
9、ep normal weight, people have1tried various methods. Nevertheless, not all the ways are2when it comes to health. For weight loss, many people3the high-protein, low-carbohydrate(碳水化合物)diets. However, such diets might have4long-term effects on the colon(结肠). The diets can also create certain5in the co
10、lon that could lead to colon cancer risk. At least it can raise the6of the risk. The research has7that the diets can help heavy people lose weight so people would not lose the8of keeping normal weight. 9, any weight-loss plan must include enough amounts of high protein that might have ill effects on
11、 the10. The findings are based on seventeen overweight men who11three short-term different diets. The result of the study proved that they had12levels of some substances that have been13cancer when the men were14on the high-protein diet. When they were on the high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, the
12、y had lowered amounts of fiber-originated15thought to be protective against16. Exactly what those changes might mean for a persons health is17. But the findings suggest that people should be aware of18much protein and some fiber over a long period. 19, experts recommend that adults get about 28 gram
13、s of fiber per daythough its not known whether thats enough for someone on a high-protein weight-loss20. 1. A. successfullyB. painfullyC. happilyD. easily2. A. helplessB. cheapC. uselessD. beneficial3. A. make upB. come acrossC. turn toD. get over4. A. harmfulB. goodC. beneficialD. little5. A. anxie
14、tiesB. actionsC. changesD. feelings6. A. treatmentB. functionC. processD. possibility7. A. askedB. shownC. suggestedD. examined8. A. courageB. abilityC. supportD. sight9. A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. MeanwhileD. However10. A. brainB. heartC. colonD. waist11. A. recommendedB. offeredC. followedD. discov
15、ered12. A. lowB. highC. generalD. average13. A. taken fromB. linked toC. held upD. based on14. A. neverB. seldomC. onlyD. scarcely15. A. competitionsB. conclusionsC. compoundsD. developments16. A. feverB. pollutionC. cancerD. cold17. A. criticalB. believableC. sensibleD. unclear18. A. consumingB. sa
16、vingC. likingD. tasting19. A. For sureB. In generalC. In allD. In short20. A. reportB. examinationC. studyD. diet【拓展训练】选词填空。concern; attempt; amount; recommend; create1. Cant you make an _to be nice to your sister? 2. She _that I try the soup. 3. The destruction of the rainforest is of _to us all. 4
17、. Why do you want to _problems for everyone? 5. I was surprised at the large _of trash in the streets. 答案解析A【文章大意】本文将火车与飞机、汽车进行对比, 突出火车的优点。1.【解析】选A。考查词汇复现。由第一句中的“that railways are dead”可知。2.【解析】选D。考查对上下文语境的理解。我们没有火车也行并非事实, 故选择as if(好像)。3.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。前面说了人们认为没有铁路也行, 这样说就好像铁路没有必要(unnecessary)。4
18、. 【解析】选B。考查对上下文语境的理解。本句说的都是火车的缺点, 故选lose money亏耗。5. 【解析】选A。考查对上下文语境的理解。由But可知本句与前句意思相反, 故前面讲述的应该不是事实, 选A。6. 【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。修饰competitive自然是“高度地, 非常(highly)”。7.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。后面的宾语是people or goods, 火车应该是运输(carry)合适。send发送; hold握住; take带走。8.【解析】选A。考查常识。火车运输比飞机运输便宜。9.【解析】选C。考查固定搭配。in common with和有共同之处。
19、10.【解析】选D。考查常识。飞机直线(straight)行驶。11.【解析】选D。考查词汇复现。由空后面的“. . . of a city into the heart of another”可知。12.【解析】选B。考查动词短语。hold up阻碍。13.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。这里讲述的是火车的优势, 故应该是飞机永远(never)也做不到的。14. 【解析】选B。考查词汇复现。前面说了dead, 前后又是转折关系, 故选dead的反义词alive。15.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解及词义辨析。本句讲述现代铁路线的优势, 并且来修饰旅行, 故选smooth(流畅的)
20、合适。rough困难的; untouched未动; short短的。16.【解析】选A。考查对上下文语境的理解及固定搭配。这里表示睡得好, in comfort舒适地, 符合语境。17.【解析】选A。考查对上下文语境的理解。前后是转折关系, 故选A。18.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解及词义辨析。我们刚刚(just)进入了高铁时代。only仅仅, 只有; exactly精确地; simply简单地。19.【解析】选B。考查对上下文语境的理解及词义辨析。age时代, 符合语境。season季节; time时间; year年。20.【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。sb. spend(s)/spe
21、nt some time on sth. / in doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事。【拓展训练】1.They are cheaper. They go in straight lines. They take us from the heart of a city into the heart of another. 2. No, because modern railway lines give us a smooth, untroubled journey and weve just entered the age of super-fast trains. B【文章大意】许多人
22、为减肥绞尽脑汁, 为了减肥食用高蛋白低碳水化合物的食物, 而研究却发现这些食物可以诱发结肠癌。1. 【解析】选B。考查背景常识。从overweight到normal weight所用的方法肯定是令人痛苦的, 故用painfully。2.【解析】选D。考查对上下文语境的理解。由下文However, such diets might havelong-term effects on the colon. 可知并不是所有的方法都有好处。3. 【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。为了减肥, 许多人都转向高蛋白低碳水化合物的饮食。turn to转向, 求助于; make up组成, 虚构; come acros
23、s偶然遇到; get over克服。4.【解析】选A。考查对上下文语境的理解。由下句The diets can also create certainin the colon that could lead to colon cancer risk. 可知这些饮食对结肠从长远来看是有害的。5.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。由that could lead to colon cancer risk可知这些饮食使结肠发生某些变化。change变化; anxiety忧虑; action行为; feeling情感。6. 【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。至少它会增加这种风险的可能性。possibil
24、ity可能性; treatment治疗; function功能; process过程。7.【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。句子的主语是research, 只能使用show(表明)。ask问; suggest建议; examine检查。8. 【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。由于这些饮食有助于减肥, 所以人们就不会失去保持正常体重的勇气。courage勇气; ability能力; support支持; sight视力。9. 【解析】选D。考查对上下文语境的理解。上句讲这些饮食有助于减肥, 下句讲任何减肥的计划必须包括足量的可能对结肠有不好的影响的高蛋白, 前后句为转折关系, 故D项正确。however然而
25、; moreover而且; therefore因此; meanwhile与此同时。10.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据上文However, such diets might havelong-term effects on the colon. 可知。11. 【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据下文when the men wereon the high-protein diet可知此处指接受这种饮食。follow接受, 遵循; recommend推荐; offer提供; discover发现。12.【解析】选B。考查对上下文语境的理解。由后半句that have beenc
26、ancer when the men wereon the high-protein diet可知。13.【解析】选B。考查对上下文语境的理解。由上文The diets can also create certainin the colon that could lead to colon cancer risk. 可知这些物质可以诱发癌症。be linked to与有联系; be taken from取自; hold up拦截; be based on基于。14.【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。only仅仅; never从未; seldom很少; scarcely刚,几乎不, 简直不。15.【解
27、析】选C。考查背景常识。根据常识可知这些饮食应属于化合物。compound化合物; competition比赛; conclusion结论; development发展阶段。16.【解析】选C。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据上文The result of the study proved that they hadlevels of some substances that have beencancer when the men wereon the high-protein diet. 可知。17.【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。确实那些变化对人的健康意味着什么还不清楚。unclear不清楚的;
28、 critical挑剔的; believable可信的; sensible敏感的。18. 【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。这些发现建议人们长时间吃许多蛋白质和一些纤维素。consume消费, 耗尽; save节省; like喜欢; taste品尝。19. 【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。本句讲的是在通常情况下专家对减肥的人饮食的建议, 因此B项正确。in general通常, 一般来说, 符合语境; for sure无疑; in all总共; in short简言之。20. 【解析】选D。考查对上下文语境的理解。根据adults get about 28 grams of fiber per day可知。【拓展训练】1. attempt 2. recommended 3. concern4. create5. amount