1、练案17必修四Unit 2Working the land阅读理解A(2018河南省高三一轮复习诊断调研联考) Theres a revolution happening in the way that food is grown around the world.Vertical farming piles crops on top of one another in a climate controlled, indoor facility, and uses advanced technology to produce food in the most environmentally f
2、riendly way the world has ever seen.At AeroFarms in Newark, New Jersey, crops are piled more than 30 feet high in a 30,000 square foot space.They use aeroponic(气雾栽培) technology, involving misting the roots of the plants, using an astonishing 95% less water than conventional farming methods.David Ros
3、enberg, CEO of AeroFarms told Seeker, “Typically, in indoor growing, the roots sit in water.If we mist nutrition to the root structure, the roots have a better oxygenation(氧合作用) ”AeroFarms uses no pesticides.The plants are grown in a reusable cloth made from recycled plastic, so no soil is needed to
4、 grow them.They also use a system of specialized LED lighting instead of natural sunlight, reducing their energy footprint even further.“Many people say Sunless? Wait.Plants need sun. Actually the plants dont need yellow spectrum(光谱) So we reduce our energy footprint by doing things like reducing ce
5、rtain types of spectrum to make it function as sunlight，” Rosenberg said.Dickson Despommier, an ecologist from Columbia University, was one of the first advocates of vertical farming.In 1999, he proposed that vertical farming could help feed our evergrowing, overpopulated cities, while using less wa
6、ter than current farming methods and reducing the need to transport food longdistances.Despommier likely imagined his idea would be taking shape on a global level, just 18 years later.There are now vertical farms in Canada, Panama, Britain, and throughout America.AeroFarms is currently building anot
7、her vertical farm facility in an old steel factory thats larger than a football field.They expect it will grow up to 2 million pounds of greens every year.Rosenberg believes that vertical farming is truly the way of the future.“Its a tough business, but its one thatll stay with a bigger and bigger i
8、mpact.”文章大意：文章主要讲述了垂直农业的好处。1What is the first paragraph mainly about？_D_AThe development of farming.BA great agricultural principle.CThe imagination of future agriculture.DA brief introduction of vertical farming.解析：主旨大意题。通读第一段可知文章主要介绍了垂直农业的概念。所以D正确。2What is special about AeroFarms according to Rose
9、nberg？_D_AIt produces safe crops.BIt plants more crops without water.CIt saves more energy and labor.DIt uses misted nutrition for a better oxygenation.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“If we mist nutrition to the root structure, the roots have a better oxygenation(氧合作用) ”可知气雾农业的特殊之处在于使用雾气弥漫营养来获取氧气。3What is the
10、AeroFarms specialized LED lighting like？_B_AIt is almost dark.BIt is similar to sunlight.CIt is actually natural light.DIt adds some yellow spectrum.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段They also use a system of specialized LED lighting instead of natural sunlight以及So we reduce our energy footprint by doing things like
11、reducing certain types of spectrum to make it function as sunlight.可知它雾气农业的LED灯的特殊之处在于它类似于太阳光。4What attitude does Rosenberg have to vertical farmings future？_B_ASkeptical.BPositive.CCritical. DIndifferent.解析：观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Rosenberg believes that vertical farming is truly the way of the future.“Its a
12、 tough business, but its one thatll stay with a bigger and bigger impact.”可知Rosenberg对垂直农业持积极态度。B(2017江西省红色七校第一次联考) The next time you eat a piece of chocolate, be sure to enjoy it, because according to two of the worlds largest chocolate makersMars Inc and Barry Callebaut, the treat may soon be in s
13、hort supply.The problem? We are consuming the candy at a faster pace than farmers can grow cocoa.The manufacturers say that in 2013, people consumed 70,000 tons more cocoa than was produced.Experts say that this is the worst supplydemand imbalance they have experienced in more than 50 years.Parts of
14、 the reason for the condition is the large reduction in supply, caused by a continuous drought in the west African countries of Ivory Coast and Ghana, where more than 70 percent of the worlds cocoa is produced.Additionally, a certain disease known as frosty pod has destroyed 30 to 40 percent of glob
15、al cocoa production.As a result, many farmers have turned to more profitable and easier grown crops like corn.This means that even if conditions improve, cocoa production may never get back to normal.Meanwhile, the world is only getting hungrier for chocolate.The biggest increase in demand is from t
16、he residents of emerging market countries like India.Though their consumption is nowhere close to the amount European devour, their newly acquired amount for the treat, is making a huge dent(凹痕) in an already tight market.There is also the growing desire for dark chocolate, which contains more than
17、70 percent cocoa compared to normal chocolates.Experts believe that if consumption continue at this pace, cocoa deficits (差额) could swell to one million tons by 2020 and to an even more worrisome, two million tons, by 2030.Not surprisingly, cocoa prices have risen by 60% since 2012, a cost that manu
18、facturers have offset by raising the prices of everyones favorite candy.As the situation worsens, the price of chocolate can only riseso be sure to enjoy piece of the sweet treat, like it is your last!文章大意：本文是一篇报道，介绍了现在世界范围内巧克力供不应求，并且未来巧克力的价格会持续增长。5The underlined phrase “supplydemand imbalance” prob
19、ably means_A_.Apeople consume more chocolate than productionBfarmers grow more cocoa than peoples demandCmore and more people like eating chocolates nowDchocolates are becoming more and more expensive解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“We are consuming the candy at a faster pace than farmers can grow cocoa.The manufac
20、turers say that in 2013, people consumed 70,000 tons more cocoa than was produced.”可知，供求失衡指的就是人们消耗对巧克力的需求量大于其产量，故A项正确。6It is hard to raise cocoa production probably because_C_.Athe weather is changeable in the west AfricaBa certain disease spread around the worldCmany farmers dont grow any longerDit
21、 is impossible for conditions to be improved解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a result, many farmers have turned to more profitable and easier grown crops like corn.This means that even if conditions improve, cocoa production may never get back to normal.”可知，农民种利润更大并且更容易种植的农作物而不种可可使得增加可可的产量变得很困难，故C项正确。7Where has
22、the demand of chocolate been increasing greatly according to the passage？_A_AIn Asia.BIn Africa.CIn Europe. DIn America. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The biggest increase in demand is from the residents of emerging market countries like India.”可知，亚洲的印度对巧克力的需求量增长最大，故A项正确。8According to the authors prediction, we
23、can know that_C_.Achocolate will become cheap sooner or laterBthe farmers will produce more cocoa in 2030Cthe price of chocolate will be going up all the wayDdark chocolate will be more popular than common one解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Not surprisingly, cocoa prices have risen by 60% since 2012, a cost that
24、manufacturers have offset by raising the prices of everyones favorite candy.As the situation worsens, the price of chocolate can only rise”可知，作者认为未来巧克力的价格会一路飙升，故C项正确。语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017河南省八市重点中学5月质检) Over the past few years, organic products have increasingly found their way into
25、 consumers shopping baskets.But what makes them choose organic over highly processed products?There are reasons _1.for_ being organic and reasons against being organic.It is not _2.necessarily_ (necessary) an eitheror decision.Rather, the decision _3.to_consume_ (consume) organic food or not is depe
26、ndent on the economic, educational and social circumstances of the consumer.According to many researchers, there is a connection between organic food and the _4.protection_ (protect) of the environment.Many consumers _5.who/that_ know about this connection take it as a motivation to go organic.To re
27、duce their carbon footprint, many even rely only on local organic _6.products_ (product) _7.However_， not every consumer actually knows and cares about the connection between the environment and organic food.That is，some consumers choose not to be organic because_8.they_ prefer sticking with their o
28、ld habits.To them, one reason not to go organic is that organic food differs from the food they are used to.For some, organic food tastes different _pared_ (compare) with the food they normally consume.And as organic products generally dont use preservatives(防腐剂) , they are _10.easier_ (easy) to go
29、bad.Consumers who choose not to go organic therefore feel organic food doesnt bring them any benefits.文章大意：随着人们的收入水平和生活质量的不断提高，越来越多的人开始关注以无公害、绿色、有机为标志的高端农产品，有机食品无论对环境还是健康来说都有益处。解析：1命题立意：考查介词。reason的后置定语常常使用介词for引导的介词短语，例如the reason for his being late他迟到的原因。故填for。2命题立意：考查副词。根据句意以及语法应该用副词形式necessarily
30、。故填necessarily。3命题立意：考查非谓语动词。decision的后置定语涉及动作意义时常常用不定式形式，且此处表示主动意义，故应该用不定式的主动形式。故填to consume。4命题立意：考查词形转换。此处带有后置定语of the environment，定语是修饰名词的，所以此处应该使用protect的名词形式protection。故填protection。5命题立意：考查定语从句。此处指前面的many consumers，在后面的句子中作know的主语，故应该用表示人的关系代词who/that来引导定语从句。故填who/that。6命题立意：考查名词。根据句意，此处表示很多人只
31、吃当地产的有机产品，为复数意义，故应该用可数名词product的复数形式products。故填products。7命题立意：考查连词。根据上下文可知，此处与上文所述的相反的事实，即有的人不吃有机食物，故应该用表示转折意义的副词。故填However。8命题立意：考查代词。根据上下文，此处指的是前半句提到的some consumers，在句中作主语，故应该用人称代词they来指代。故填they。9命题立意：考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语organic food与compare之间为被动关系，故应该用过去分词作比较状语。故填compared。10命题立意：考查形容词。根据上下文句意，此处表示“(与那些非有
32、机食品相比) 更容易变质”，表示比较意义，故应该用easy的比较级easier。故填easier。短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用() 划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。(2018陕西省榆林市第一次测试) My mother is sixtyfive year old, that
33、 devotes herself to the whole family and us three daughters.Today I still remember clearly that there was the time when life was really hard in a remote mountain village.People there had a strong prejudice that girls should not go to school and stay at home doing housework.However, my mother held a
34、total opposite view that her three daughters should get educated no matter what others thought and no matter what hard life was.My mother got little education because the Chinese Cultural Revolution and she decided not to let the same thing to happen to her girls.To his delight, we three sisters wen
35、t to college and got welleducated.And now, we all have our jobs and our own happy families.We are such grateful for what Mum has done for us.答案：My mother is sixtyfive old, devotes herself to the whole family and us three daughters.Today I still remember clearly that there was time when life was real
36、ly hard in a remote mountain village.People there had a strong prejudice that girls should not go to school stay at home doing housework.However, my mother held a opposite view that her three daughters should get educated no matter what others thought and no matter hard life was.My mother got little
37、 education because the Chinese Cultural Revolution and she decided not to let the same thing to happen to her girls.To delight, we three sisters went to college and got welleducated.And now, we all have our jobs and our own happy families.We are grateful for what Mum has done for us.解析：1考查名词。句意：我的妈妈
38、65岁了。sixtyfive years old 65岁，故yearyears。2考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：我的妈妈65岁了，她把自己奉献给整个家庭以及我们三个女儿。这里构成非限制性定语从句，用who指代妈妈，故thatwho。3考查冠词。句意：今天，我仍然很清楚地记得有一段时期，在遥远的乡村生活真的很困难。这里的time是可数名词，表示“时期” ，故thea。4考查连词。句意：那儿的人们有很强的偏见，认为女孩不应该去上学而应该待在家里做家务活。根据句意可知andbut。 5考查副词。句意：然而，我的妈妈有完全不同的观点。用副词totally修饰形容词opposite ，故total
39、totally。 6考查副词。句意：她的三个女儿应该受到教育，无论别人怎么想，无论生活多么的困难。用表示程度的副词修饰形容词hard。 no matter how hard life was无论生活多么困难。故whathow。7考查介词短语。句意：由于文化大革命，我的妈妈没有受过什么教育。because后加句子，because of后接the Chinese Cultural Revolution，故because后加of。8考查固定搭配。句意：她决定不让同样的事情发生在她的女儿身上。let sb do sth 让某人做某事，故删掉happen前面的to。9考查代词。句意：令她高兴的是，我们三姐妹都考上了大学，受到很好的教育。很明显，这里是“令妈妈高兴的是”，故hisher。10考查副词。句意：我们很感激妈妈为我们做的一切。so后接形容词grateful，故suchso。
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