1、课时作业47The Conquest of the Universe.阅读理解A(2019湖北省七市高三联考)When asked about her childhood in the documentary Alive Inside, a 90yearold woman with dementia (痴呆) replies, “Ive forgotten so much.” Filmmaker Michael RossatoBennett then plays music from her past for her. “Thats Louis Armstrong，” she says. “H
2、es singing When the Saints Go Marching In and it takes me back to my school days.” She then recalls exact details from her life.Why does it happen? Music tends to accompany events that arouse emotions or otherwise make strong impressions on us such as weddings and graduations. These kinds of experie
3、nces form strong memories, and the music and memories likely become intertwined (紧密相连) in our neural (神经的) networks, according to Julene Johnson, a professor at the University of California. Movements, such as dancing, also often pair with our experience of music, which can help form memories. Even
4、many years later, hearing the music can bring back memories of these longpast events.As Alive Inside shows, music has this power even for many people with dementia. Researchers note that the brain areas that process and remember music are typically less damaged by dementia than other areas, and they
5、 think it may explain the phenomenon.They also pay attention to elderly people with dementia, especially those in nursing homes. “Its possible those longterm memories are still there，” Johnson says, “but people just have a harder time accessing them because theyre in a strange place and therere not
6、a lot of circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories.”Johnson also notes that music is not universally useful for all people with dementia since there are some people with dementia whose brain area that recognizes music is damaged.Despite musics apparent benefits, few studies have e
7、xplored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia. “Its really an untapped area，” Johnson says. Petr Janata is one researcher investigating the topic of music and memory. He says that scientists still do not have the answers to why and how music reawakens memories in people with dementi
8、a, but this phenomenon is real and its just a matter of time before its fully borne out by scientific research.本文是一篇说明文。音乐对唤醒痴呆病人的记忆十分有用。1What helps the old woman in Alive Inside recall her childhood?AA film she has watched before.BA song she has listened to before.CThe voice of her childhood friend
9、.DThe description of her school days.答案：B解析：释义：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.plays music from her past for her. Thats Louis Armstrong， she says.She then recalls exact details from her life.”可知，这位老人的记忆是被她过去所听过的一首歌唤醒的。2What benefit of music is discussed in Paragraph 2?AIt helps make lasting memories.BIt helps cure p
10、atients of dementia.CIt helps arouse emotions in special events.DIt helps remember dance movements easily.答案：A解析：释义：细节理解题。根据第二段中的form strong memories及“.help form memories. Even many years later, hearing the music can bring back memories of these longpast events.”可知，本段主要讨论了音乐可以帮助人们形成深刻的记忆，多年后都可能被唤醒。3
11、According to Johnson, what should we do for elderly people with dementia?ASend them to nursing homes for good care.BProvide familiar environments for them.CPlay lots of classical music to them.DTalk to them about their past.答案：B解析：释义：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“.theyre in a strange place and therere not a lot of
12、circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories.”可知，如果患有痴呆症的老人住在养老院的话，由于处在不熟悉的环境中，他们很难找回记忆，因此我们应该给这些老人提供熟悉的环境，以便他们唤醒失去的记忆。4What do we know about the study into music and memory recall in people with dementia?AIt is criticized by Petr Janata.BIt is a groundbreaking study.CIt is supported
13、 by solid evidence.DIt applies to all people with dementia.答案：B解析：释义：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“.few studies have explored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia. Its really an untapped area，.”可知，关于音乐唤醒痴呆病人记忆功效的研究是项全新的研究。B(2019郑州市高中毕业班第一次质检)Endless hours of piano practice can be the pain of a ch
14、ilds life, but there might be an added benefit of sticking to it. A study has found that learning a musical instrument as a child could keep you sharp at old age.The elderly who had piano, flute or other music lessons as a youngster did better on intelligence tests than others. And the longer they h
15、ad played the instrument, the better they did. Dr Brenda Hanna said, “Musical activity throughout life may serve as a challenging cognitive (认知的) exercise, making your brain fitter and more capable of adapting to the challenges of ageing.”While much research has been done into how children benefit f
16、rom music lessons, this is the first study to examine whether those effects can extend across a lifetime. A total of 70 healthy adults between 60 and 83 years old were divided into groups, depending on their musical experience. All of the musicians were amateurs, who had started playing an instrumen
17、t at around 10 years old.Those who had played music longer were better on the tests, showing a clear link with the length of experience as well. However, highlevel musicians who still played at an advanced age produced similar results to the most skilled players who had given up. This indicated the
18、duration of the musical study was more important than whether they continued playing in their older years.Dr Hanna said, “Based on previous research and our study results, we believe that both the years of musical participation and the age of acquisition (习得) are critical. There are key periods in b
19、rain plasticity (可塑性) that enhance learning, which may make it easier to learn a musical instrument before a certain age, and thus may have a larger impact on brain development.”孩童时期学习音乐并坚持下去能使人年老时仍保持头脑敏锐。5Whats the main idea of the text?APlaying music is good for our health.BMusic is most important
20、 to young children.CPlaying music when young helps us stay sharp at old age.DPeople can keep young by taking exercise.答案：C解析：释义：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，本文中心为孩童时期学习音乐并坚持下去能使人年老时仍保持头脑敏锐。6To the elderly, _.Aits not helpful to take up music in their spare timeBthe longer they play music, the more intelligent th
21、eyreCbrain development remains the same as the youthDthey would like to live a peaceful life答案：B解析：释义：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“And the longer they had played the instrument, the better they did.”可知，年轻时学习音乐的时间越长，年老时智力就越高。7The study is the first one to _.Ashow children can benefit from music lessonsBtest wheth
22、er children or the elderly should play musicCdeal with the social problem of the agedDprove whether music does good to people across a lifetime答案：D解析：释义：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“.this is the first study to examine whether those effects can extend across a lifetime.”可知这是针对学习音乐带来的好处能否持续一生时间的首次研究。8Which factor
23、has affected the study results the most?AThe level of the musicians.BThe length of the musical experience.CThe type of the musical instruments.DThe age of the musicians.答案：B解析：释义：细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，学习音乐的时间长短对研究结果的影响最大。.完形填空(2019太原市高三阶段性测评)It was in 1976, an Olympic year. My school _1_ to test students
24、ability in _2_ contests like team sports tournaments, math competitions, etc. The teachers selected several people myself _3_ as team captains. As captains, we had to select our team members.I was a new student and had _4_ friends, but I did have a slight _5_ about who was good at what, who would ge
25、t along, and most _6_， who would listen to me as a team leader. Anyway, in one afternoon, I had _7_ 12 students from the 4th grade to the 6th grade. I was told by some kids that my _8_ were kind of random, but my main strategy (策略) was to pick kids who would rise to the _9_ put forth. The _10_ stars
26、 in sports or math or whatever were chosen early, but I looked for the nonobvious people who might have “_11_” inside of them.The _12_ lasted several weeks. We had opening and closing ceremonies. Our team did _13_， getting many gold medals and silver medals. I remember the experience as being kind o
27、f _14_ because I had to talk to the competitors and attempt to strategize behind the scenes._15_， the time came to announce the allaround team winners. We had a meeting in the gym, and there were _16_ about the different competitions, the highlights (亮点) of the games, etc. Then, my golden _17_ came.
28、 The headmaster got up to announce the team winner, saying about how the captain _18_ excellent leadership qualities.Guess _19_ it was? It was me! With everyone _20_， the headmaster announced my name as gold medal winner for team captaining and my teams first place in the allaround competition.在学校举办
29、的比赛中，作者被选为队长，而且以卓越的领导能力取得了成功。1A.neededBrememberedCaffordedDdecided答案：D解析：释义：根据下文语境可知，作者的学校决定举办比赛。2A.nationalBvariousCsingleDcomplex答案：B解析：释义：根据“like team sports tournaments, math competitions, etc.”可推断出此处应指各种比赛。3A.praisedBinformedCincludedDconsidered答案：C解析：释义：根据下一句可推断出作者也被老师选为队长，即“我自己”也包含在队长行列中。4A.f
30、ewBmanyCgoodDclose答案：A解析：释义：根据“I was a new student”可知，作者没有什么朋友。5A.predictionBplanCideaDsuggestion答案：C解析：释义：尽管作者没有什么朋友，但他知道同学的一些情况。6A.importantlyBfortunatelyCinterestinglyDexcitedly答案：A解析：释义：作者选队友的最重要的条件就是要听从他的指挥。7A.namedBselectedChelpedDfound答案：B解析：释义：一下午，作者从四年级到六年级的学生中挑选出12名学生。8A.ordersBthoughtsCta
31、sksDchoices答案：D解析：释义：有人说作者选取队友有点儿随意。9A.schedulesBrulesCprizesDchallenges答案：D解析：释义：作者的策略是选择能应对比赛中的各种挑战的队友。10A.obviousBrichCstupidDproud答案：A解析：释义：此处应与后面的“the nonobvious people”中的nonobvious相对应，故选A项。11A.kindnessBhonestyCgreatnessDdream答案：C解析：释义：明显有特长的人已经被早早选走了，作者选择那些他认为深藏绝技的人。12A.trainingBcompetitionCex
32、amDelection答案：B解析：释义：比赛持续了几个星期。13A.badlyBstrangelyCridiculouslyDwell答案：D解析：释义：根据“getting many gold medals and silver medals”可知，作者这一队发挥得很好。14A.stressfulBsimpleCdesperateDchangeable答案：A解析：释义：根据“because I had to talk to the competitors and attempt to strategize behind the scenes”可知，比赛过程中作者还是有压力的。15A.Su
33、ddenlyBImmediatelyCFinallyDEvidently答案：C解析：释义：比赛持续了几个星期，闭幕式终于到了。16A.routesBspeechesCnumbersDproducts答案：B解析：释义：此处指在闭幕式上有不同的人发言。17A.ageBopportunityCmonthDmoment答案：D解析：释义：此处指校长宣布获奖名单的时刻，也是作者的黄金时刻。18A.displayedBimprovedCadoptedDlacked答案：A解析：释义：校长讲了队长在比赛中如何展现出优秀的领导能力。19A.whereBhowCwhoDwhat答案：C解析：释义：根据“It was me！”可知，此处意为“你猜获奖者是谁？”20A.runningBcheeringClaughingDconcerning答案：B解析：释义：在大家的欢呼声中，校长宣布了作者的名字。