1、曼德拉南非首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。曼德拉不仅仅是一位伟人，更是人们敬仰的英雄。Nelson Mandela,the first black president of South Africa who was a symbol(象征)of social justice(公正),passed away on Dec.5,2013.His death is a great loss to the whole world,since this modern hero,who used to fight for the black people,helped the black people g
2、et the same rights as white people,and began a school to help those who had little learning even during the time when he was put into prison.He was the one who always gave priority to(优先考虑)his nation.Nelson was a great man,but he was more than a great man.He was,is,and always will be a hero.In my vi
3、ew,being a hero means more than making great achievements.In fact,heroes are extraordinary(非凡的),because their hearts are filled with love for people.It is this love that makes them heroes,rather than great men.So this is the difference between great men and heroes.What makes a hero is not only ones
4、achievements,but also his selfless(无私的)love.With great achievements and selfless love,the person can become a true hero,just like Nelson Mandela.短文注释：1pass away 去世2a great loss一个巨大的损失3used to do 过去常常4fight for.为而奋斗5put.into prison将投入监狱6in my view 在我看来7make great achievements取得巨大成就8be filled with 充满9
5、not only.but also.不但而且重点单词写作词汇1._ n；品质；性质2_ adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3_ adj.慷慨的；大方的4_ vt.建立；建设5_ n.法则；原则6_ n.舞台；阶段；时期7_ vt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决8_ vt.进攻；攻击；抨击qualitymeangenerousfoundprinciplestagevoteattack拓展词汇1._adj.积极的；活跃的actively adv.积极地activity n活动2_vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的devotion n热爱；献身；奉献3_ ad
6、j.和平的；平静的；安宁的peacefully adv.和平地peace n和平；平静；和睦4_ n指导；领导guide v指导；带领5_ adj.怀有希望的；有希望的hope n希望；愿望6_n暴力；暴行violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的violently adv.猛烈地activedevotepeacefulguidancehopefulviolence7_adj.相等的；平等的equality n平等；相等equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地8_ n自我；自身selfish adj.自私的selfless adj.无私的；忘我的selflessly adv.无私地；忘我地9
7、_ adj.法律的；依照法律的illegal adj.(反义词)非法的，违法的10_ n青年，青年时期young adj.年轻的11_ n律师law 法律12_ adj.乐意的，自愿的unwilling adj.不乐意的equalselflegalyouthlawyerwilling阅读词汇1.warm-hearted adj._2easy-going adj._3republic n._4giant adj._5mankind n._6league n._热心肠的随和的，温和宽容的共和国巨大的人类同盟；联盟“n.-fuladj.”荟萃peacepeaceful 和平的painpainful
8、痛苦的harmharmful 有害的powerpowerful 强大的meaningmeaningful 有意义的cheercheerful 欢乐的后缀-ance高频名词全接触guidance 指导；领导importance 重要；重要性ignorance 无知；愚昧significance 意义；重要性appearance 出现tolerance 宽容；容忍self反身代词myself 我自己yourself 你自己himself 他自己herself 她自己itself 它自己ourselves 我们自己yourselves 你们自己themselves 他们自己重点短语1._失业2_事实
9、上3_在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中4_求助于；致力于5_使充气；爆炸6_对感激7_为而死8_实现梦想out of workas a matter of factin troubleturn toblow upbe grateful todie forachieve ones dream“out ofn.”短语集锦out of work 失业out of control 失控out of mind 心不在焉out of order 有毛病；出故障out of sight 看不见重点句型1.This is/was a time when.这是一个时期However,_(这是一个时期)one
10、had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.2where引导的定语从句，修饰抽象地点名词stageThe last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached _(几乎什么权利都没有的阶段)3which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way并在从句中作主语We first broke the law _(用和平的方式);when this was not allowe
11、d.this was a time whena stage where we have almost no rights at allin a way which was peaceful4only状语置于句首要部分倒装_(只有这个时候我们才决定)answer violence with violence.5Its no pleasure doing sth.做某事没有乐趣_(观看这些已经不再是乐趣)because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Only then did we decide toIts no pleas
12、ure looking through these any longer“inn.”短语面面观in trouble 在困境中in danger 处于危险中in return 作为回报in vain 徒劳地in order 井然有序in place 在适当的位置Step One：Warming upA famous person may not be a great person,but a great person must be a famous person.1Who do you think are great persons in the following pictures?答案：A
13、，B and E2What do you know about Nelson Mandela?_He devotes his life to helping his people get the same rights aswhite people in his country./He is a national leader who has beenfighting for making black and white people equal./Nelson Mandela isregarded as one of the greatest spiritual and political
14、leaders of ourtime.Step Two：Fast readingSkim the text and choose the best answers.1Whats the main idea of the text?AThe life of black workers.BThe fight between Mandela and the white people.CThe stories between Mandela and Elias.DThe education of Elias.答案：C2Match the main idea of each part.Paras.12(
15、)AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela didParas.37()BThe life of Elias before he met Nelson MandelaBAStep Three：Careful readingRead the reading passage carefully and choose the best answers according to the text.1Why did Elias have to leave school?AHe didnt have a pa
16、ssbook.BHis home was far from the school.CHis family couldnt afford the school fees.DHe couldnt read or write.答案：C2Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to _.Amake moneyBhelp the poor black people with their problemsCmake himself famousDstudy law答案：B3How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep
17、his job?AHe talked with Elias boss.BHe helped him get the correct papers.CHe lent him some money.DHe asked him to go to court.答案：B4What dream did Nelson Mandela have?ATo become the president of South Africa.BTo win the Nobel Peace Prize.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo blow up some governme
18、nt buildings.答案：CStep Four：Explain difficult sentences1The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.句式分析尝试翻译第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。2However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.句式分析尝试翻译可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡非得要有身份证不可。3Sadly I
19、did not have one because I was not born there,and I worried about whether I would become out of work.句式分析尝试翻译糟糕的是我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，并且我担心是否会失业。4.we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.句式分析尝试翻译我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。Re
20、adingELIAS STORYMy name is Elias.I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela【1】was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice【2】.He offered guidance to poor black people on
21、their legal problems.He was generous with his time,for_which_I_was_grateful【3】【1】when在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The time。【2】to whom在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词the black lawyer。介词to与从句中的went搭配(go to sb.for advice去某人处寻求建议)。【3】for which在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子。介词for与从句中的grateful搭配(be grateful for sth.对某事非常感激)。I needed his help bec
22、ause I had very little education.I began school at six.The school where I studied for only two years【4】was three kilometres away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.I could not read or write well.After trying hard,I got a job in a gold mine.How
23、ever,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg【5】.Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there,and I worried about whether I would become out of work.【4】where在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The school。【5】“this was a time when.”是常考句式，其中when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。The day when Nels
24、on Mandela helped me【6】was one of my happiest.He told me how to get【7】the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.I became more hopeful about my future.I never forgot how kind Mandela was.When he organized the ANC YouthLeague，I joined it as soon as I could.He said：【6】when在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The day
25、。【7】how to get为“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构，在此处作told的直接宾语。“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of lawsstopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stagewhere we have almost no rights at all.【8】”【8】本句中“The last thirty years”为无生命名词短语作主语；“have seen the.rights and progress”为“see宾语宾补”
26、结构，其中“stopping our rights and progress”为现在分词短语作宾补；“where we have almost no rights at all”为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a stage。It was the truth.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.They could not get the jobs they wanted.The parts of town in which they had to live【9】were decided by white people.
27、The places outside the towns where they were sent to live【10】were the poorest parts of South Africa.No one could grow food there.In fact as Nelson Mandela said：【9】in which在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The parts of town。【10】where在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The places outside the towns。“.we were put into a position in which we had
28、 either toaccept we were less important,or fight the government【11】.Wechose to attack the laws.We first broke the law in a way which waspeaceful【12】；when this was not allowed.only then did we【13】decide to answer violence with violence.”【11】in which在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词a position，其中“either.or.”连接了两个不定式短语to
29、accept.和(to)fight the government。【12】which在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词a way。【13】此处“only状语”位于句首，句子用了部分倒装结构；“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构。As a matter of fact，I do not like violence.but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison21【14】.Bu
30、t I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve22 our dream of making black and white people equal23.【14】because在此引导原因状语从句，原因状语从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句。伊莱亚斯的故事我叫伊莱亚斯，是南非的一个穷苦黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。(当时)我才12岁。那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求建议的那位黑人律师。他在法律问题上给贫苦的黑人提供指导。他不吝惜时间，我对此非常感激。我需要他的帮助，因为我只受过很少的教
31、育。我六岁开始上学，我仅仅读了两年的那所学校有三公里远。我不得不辍学，因为我家无法继续支付学费和车费。我既读不好也写不好。几经周折，我才在一家金矿上找到一份工作。然而，那时必须有身份证才能住在约翰内斯堡。不幸的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的。我很担心自己会失业。纳尔逊曼德拉帮助我的那天是我最高兴的日子之一。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚，应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来更加充满了希望。我永远忘不了曼德拉是多么和善。当他组织了非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。他说：“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
32、”这是事实。黑人没有选举权，也无权选择自己的领导人。他们不能做自己想要做的工作。他们在城里不得不居住的地方是由白人决定的。他们被打发去城外居住的地方是南非最贫穷的地区。没有人能在那儿种庄稼。事实上，正如纳尔逊曼德拉所说的：“我们被置于这样一个境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。我们选择对抗法律。首先我们用和平的方式来打破法律，当这种方式得不到允许时只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。”事实上，我并不喜欢暴力但是在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。那是很危险的，因为如果被抓住了，我可能要坐牢。但我乐于帮忙，因为我知道这将帮助我们实现使黑人和白人平等的梦想。词语积累la
33、wyer/lj/n.律师guidance/aIdns/n.指导；领导under the guidance of sb.under ones guidance在某人的指导下legal/lil/adj.法律的；依照法律的illegal adj.非法的be generous with在方面慷慨大方fee/fi/n.费(会费、学费等)；酬金fare/fe(r)/n.费(车费、船费、飞机票价等)passbook/psbk/n.南非共和国有色人种的身份证out of work失业papers/peIp(r)z/n.证件hopeful/hpfl/adj.怀有希望的；有希望的youth/ju/n.青年；青年时
34、期league/li/n.同盟；联盟；联合会Youth League青年团stage/steId/n.舞台；阶段；时期vote/vt/vt.&vi.投票；选举 n投票；选票；表决position/pzIn/n.状况；地位；位置；职位position后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语则用where或in which。attack/tk/vt.进攻；攻击；抨击allow/la/v.允许，准许violence/vaIlns/n.暴力；暴行as a matter of fact事实上blow up使充气；爆炸21put sb.in prison将某人关进监狱同义短语：send sb.to pris
35、on;throw sb.into prison22achieve/tiv/vt.达到；完成23equal/ikwl/adj.相等的；平等的核心素养链接文化采风1曼德拉(Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela)。1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格，是南非著名的反种族隔离革命家、政治家和慈善家。1993年，曼德拉被授予诺贝尔和平奖。2004年，曼德拉被选为最伟大的南非人。2013年12月6日，曼德拉在约翰内斯堡住所去世，享年95岁。2约翰内斯堡(Johannesburg)，南非第一大城市及第一大港，著名的“黄金之城”，是南非共和国经济、政治、文化、旅游及航运中心，世界著名的国际大都市，拥有人口388.81万，其中半数以上是黑人。
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