1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家第二部分 语法知识贯通专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致题组1 限时模拟1.2021四省八校开学考,62A century ago, when night-time (fall), the dark arrived. Things are different today.2.2021山东威海期中,37Friendship is one of lifes greatest gifts,and it (value)in both Eastern and Western cultures.3.2021湖南五市十校联考,63Nine spacecrafts (send)
2、 to study Jupiter by now.4.2021北京朝阳区期中,18If one person breaks the rules, more people (follow) him and do what they want.5.2021山西太原质量监测, 67China launched a campaign against food waste in 2013 and (renew) the call early this year to create an increasingly prosperous society.6.2021四川绵阳一诊, 64With the la
3、st satellite launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23, the global network of 59 satellites (complete) since then.7.2021湖北部分重点中学联考, 61It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows which represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he (paint), rather than what he was actually s
4、eeing.8.2021上海师大附中期中,28The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning,but conflicts finally (arise)and led to the Indian War(1866-1890).9.2021贵州贵阳摸底考试, 65Like Chinese music, African music is very rhythmic each instrument (tell) its own story, makes you a part of it and takes
5、 you on a different journey. 10.2021河南洛阳统一考试, 68Xin Xing (a female panda), born in Sichuan Province in 1982, (rescue) in the wild and sent to Chongqing Zoo in 1983.11.2021浙江五校联考, 63Casey told the rescuers that he (hang)out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his friend. 12.2021山东烟台期中,37
6、In the past many years, the giant panda (drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development.13.2021山东潍坊阶段性监测, 56I was also a co-founder of the website Mother Nature Network, which (integrate) into Treehugger the other day.14.2021哈尔滨部分学校第一次考
7、试,68An Miao(meaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui province that (practice)since the early Ming dynasty(1368-1644). 15.2020湖北八校第一次联考,62Children younger than 12 (allow) only to play the game for a maximum of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they would be banne
8、d from logging on(登录),said Tencent.16.2020江西南昌重点中学段考,62Power walking offers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph(burn) around 300 calories per hour. 17.2020江苏扬州期中调研,33Now China (push) for a larger role in global economic policy-making.18.2020山东省实验中学阶段性检测,43This was the first time George (
9、feel) accepted by the people around him. 题组2 精选真题1.2020全国,67 & 68This really excites scientists,Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, because it (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon (construct). 2.2020全国,63The artist was sure he would(choose), but when h
10、e presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed. 3.2020浙江,59And, as more children were born, more food (need). 4.2020北京,4Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they (throw) away. 5.2020江苏,26Instead of getting down to a new task as I(expect), he ex
11、amined the previous work again.6.2020天津,2You are a great swimmer.Thanks. Its because I (practise)a lot these days.7.2019浙江,62One study in America found that students grades (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.8.2019北京,1On the first day of my first grade.I (voice) my biggest conce
12、rn to my mother, How will I make friends?9.2019江苏,33They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals(install)by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.10.2019江苏,22The musician along with his band members(give)ten performances in the last three months.11.2019天津,8Amy, as well as her brothers, (give)a warm
13、 welcome when returning to the village last week.12.2018全国,64While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life.13.2018全国,69When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal (
14、mean) me no real harm.14.2018北京,7Chinas high-speed railways (grow)from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.15.2018江苏,31Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we(develop)more convenient electronic communication tools by then.16.2018北京,9A rescue worker risked his
15、 life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.17.2018天津,13My washing machine(repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.18.2017甲卷(全国),68Later, engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.19.2017丙卷(全国),43Sa
16、rah (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.20.2017浙江,62Pahlsson and her husband (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing.21.2017北京,33People have better access to health care than they used to, and they (live) longer now a
17、s a result. 22.2017乙卷(全国),64When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 23.2017甲卷(全国),65Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages.24.2017北京,29In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones(invent) yet.25.2017江苏,27He hur
18、ried home, never once looking back to see if he(follow).26.2017天津,6Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.27.2017江苏,24The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens s
19、tatus as a leading novelist.28.2016浙江,9Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 29.2016乙卷(全国),62So it was a great honour.I (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 30.2016北京,30The students have been working hard on their lessons
20、and their efforts (reward) with success in the end.31.2016丙卷(全国),62Truly elegant chopsticks might(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.32.2016甲卷(全国),63Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.33.2016丙卷(全国),69Confucius believed knives would remind people of k
21、illings and (be) too violent for use at the table.A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)There 1(be) a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days, which 2(close) this coming Sunday. Having got two tickets for it, I 3(consider) inviting my friend Tony to go along with me. I know that he 4_(finish) hi
22、s paper by Sunday and can afford the time.He once 5(tell) me that he liked modern art, so I think he will be interested in this exhibition. Just this morning, when I entered my office, my colleagues 6(talk) about it, and some of them said they 7(go) to see it already. The exhibition 8(hold) in ten m
23、ore big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.Ive just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me, saying that he 9(look) forward to going to an exhibition for months. I will call for him this Sunday. Ill go home for lunch now, as I 10(starve).B语法填空2020湖北黄冈高三检测Honeybee populati
24、ons in the United States 1(decrease) dramatically over the decades. And a new study suggests that a certain kind of pesticide could be making things 2(bad).The number of honeybees hasnt changed much over the past few years, but the overall picture doesnt look good for an insect that plays 3 importan
25、t role in our food supply. Scientists dont know for sure 4 this is happening. Pesticides and parasites (寄生虫)are the most suspected reasons, according to a study recently published in a scientific journal. One suggests that neonicotinoids, types of pesticides that 5 (use) around the world, are incred
26、ibly poisonous to honeybees and other insects. Part of the reason for that is that these pesticides appear 6 (stick) around in the environment and stay dangerous for a long period of time.Though theyre deadly to insects, neonicotinoids are not considered dangerous to humans. An ongoing challenge 7_
27、farmers is finding ways to keep other insects away while 8 (protect)bees. Pesticides may not discriminate the insects they kill, though neonicotinoid makers say the risk to bees is lower when they are used properly. The U.S. Department of Agriculture says its 9 (likely) that theres one magic 10 (sol
28、ve) to the problem, but there are a number of organizations trying to help honeybees.答 案专题一动词的时态、语态和主谓一致题组1限时模拟1.fell根据时间状语A century ago可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填fell。注意fall为不规则变化动词,其过去式为fell,过去分词为fallen。2.is valued句意:友谊是生命中最重要的礼物之一,东西方文化都重视友谊。根据前一分句中的is可知,此处应用一般现在时,且it与value为被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数形式
29、,故填is valued。3.have been sent根据时间状语by now可知,此处应用现在完成时; 且谓语动词与主语为被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态。4.will follow句意:如果一个人违反了规则,更多的人会跟着他做他们想做的事。此处为主将从现,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,主句用一般将来时。故填will follow。5.renewed分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作并列谓语,根据and前面的谓语动词launched和时间状语early this year可知,空处应用一般过去时,填renewed。6.has been completed根据时间状语since th
30、en可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语the global network与complete为被动关系,应用被动语态;且主语为单数形式,故填has been completed。7.was painting句意:这是一幅充满深蓝和阴影的风景画,代表着梵高绘画时感到的悲伤,而不是他实际看到了什么。根据句意可知,此处表示正在绘画的时候,应用过去进行时,主语为he,所以填was painting。8.arose根据时间状语(1866-1890)可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填arose。9.tells空处与makes和takes并列作句子的谓语, 应用一般现在时; 且空处所在句表示每种乐器都在
31、讲述自己的故事,由此可知应用主动语态,主语each instrument为单数形式,故此处填tells。10.was rescued根据句中的时间状语in 1983可知,空处应用一般过去时;且此处表示大熊猫被救,应用被动语态;且主语Xin Xing为单数概念,故应填was rescued。11.had hung分析句子结构可知,此处作宾语从句的谓语,根据主句中的told和从句时间状语for two days可知,此处需要用过去完成时;又此处表示和一头黑熊在一起,应用主动语态,所以空处填had hung。注意hang为不规则变化动词,过去式和过去分词都是hung。12.has been driv
32、en根据时间状语In the past many years可知,此处应用现在完成时;此处表示大熊猫从低地区域被赶走,表示被动,应用被动语态;主语为单数形式,故空处应填has been driven。13.was integrated分析句子结构可知,此处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语,结合时间状语the other day可知,本句时态应该用一般过去时;此处表示Mother Nature Network被整合到Treehugger,故此处用被动语态;而which指代Mother Nature Network,为第三人称单数,所以填was integrated。14.has been pr
33、acticed分析句子结构可知,空处作定语从句的谓语,根据从句的时间状语since the early Ming dynasty(1368-1644)可知,空处应用现在完成时;安苗活动是被举行的,表示被动;定语从句的先行词为单数概念,故从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been practiced。15.would be allowed根据语境并分析句子结构可知,allow是所在分句的谓语,和所在分句的主语构成被动关系;又根据第二个分句中的would be banned可知,此处应用过去将来时,所以填would be allowed。16.burnsWalking at a qu
34、ick pace of 4 mph是动词-ing短语作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式;本句陈述的是客观情况,所以用一般现在时,故填burns。【知识储备】单个的动词-ing(短语)、不定式(短语)以及从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。17.is pushing句意:中国正在争取在全球经济决策中发挥更大作用。由句意及Now可知,应用现在进行时,填is pushing。18.had felt句意:这是乔治第一次感受到被周围的人认可。This was the first time that.句型中,that从句应使用过去完成时。故填had felt。题组2精选真题1.means;is construct
35、ed第一空根据前后文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时,主语是it,故谓语动词用means。第二空表示月球是如何构成的,moon与construct之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且此处描述的是客观情况,故填 is constructed。construct vt.建造,构建。2.be chosen这位画家确信自己肯定会被选中。由would可知,此处用被动语态be chosen。3.was needed结合句意出生的孩子越多,需要的粮食就越多可知,more food与need构成被动关系,且从句时态为一般过去时,故填was needed。4.are thrown句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次
36、。由are可知,应该用一般现在时,主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。5.had expected句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新任务, 而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。根据句意可知,我期望这一动作发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故填had expected。6.have been practising结合You are a great swimmer这个细节,再根据空后的时间状语these days可知,此处需要用现在完成进行时,表动作的持续。即正因为我
37、这些天来一直在练习游泳,所以才游得这么好。7.improved分析句子结构可知,found后是that引导的宾语从句,且从句中缺少谓语动词,同时,根据主句谓语动词found和宾语从句中的after the school introduced可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填improved。8.voiced根据时间状语On the first day of my first grade可知,此处叙述的是一年级第一天发生的事,所以应该用一般过去时。9.will have been installed根据后面的时间状语by 2022可知,空处应用将来完成时。动词install 和 5G termina
38、ls之间是被动关系,故空处应用将来完成时的被动语态。10.has given句意:这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里进行了10场表演。根据时间状语in the last three months 可知,句子应用现在完成时;along with连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词应与along with前的名词在人称和数上保持一致,故填has given。11.was given句意:上周埃米和她的兄弟们回到村庄时受到了热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语last week可知,应用一般过去时;此处表示受到了热烈的欢迎,应用被动语态;as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应与as well
39、as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致,故此处应用单数形式。12.is此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时;分析句子结构可知,says后的宾语从句缺少谓语动词,又因主语是it,故填is。13.meant空处所在句句意:这头庞然大物对我没有真正的恶意,这与大猩猩没有攻击性的天性相符。根据前文中的frightenedwas可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,故应用一般过去时。14.have grown句意:在过去的几年中,中国的高速铁路已经从9 000千米增加到25 000千米。根据句中的时间状语in the past few years可知,此处应用现在完成时。15.will have developed
40、句意:2025年,我们有望不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时我们将已经开发更加便利的电子通讯工具。根据句中的时间状语in 2025与by then可知,空处应用将来完成时。16.had been trapped句意:一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。分析句子结构可知,空处在定语从句中作谓语,且trap与先行词tourists之间为动宾关系,此处应用被动语态;又因为此处表示在过去动作risked his life之前完成的动作,即过去的过去,所以用过去完成时的被动语态。17.is being repaired句意:这个星期我的洗衣机在维修,因此我不得不用手洗衣服。语境表示现阶段
41、正在进行的动作,而且washing machine与repair为动宾关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。18.managed因为engineers与manage之间为主谓关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。19.has been told/was told此处动词tell与Sarah之间是被动关系,根据语境可知此处可以用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,且主语为第三人称单数,故可填has been told。此外,被告知这件事情发生在过去,故也可填was told。20.searched结合后面的turned up及语境可知,此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动
42、作,故填searched。21.are living句意:人们现在的医疗保健比过去更便捷,所以现在人们更长寿。根据题干中的时间状语now并结合语境可判断,这里应用现在进行时,叙述当前的情况。22.are removed结合句中的tastes可知应用一般现在时;fat and salt是动词remove的承受者,应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。23.were used结合常识可知,蒸汽机是过去的东西,而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。24.hadnt been invented句意:20世纪50年代,美国大多数
43、家庭只有一部电话,那时无线电话还没有被发明出来。根据句意以及句中的关键词In the 1950s和yet可知,空处用过去完成时;且wireless phones是动词invent的承受者,所以此处用过去完成时的被动语态。25.was being followed句意:他匆匆回家,一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。根据hurried及句意可知,本题应该用过去进行时的被动语态。【易错点拨】本题易误填had been followed,错误的原因是没有弄清楚动作的先后顺序。had been followed是过去完成时的被动语态,但语境表明,跟踪的动作并未早于主句的动作发生,因此不能填had been
44、 followed。26.is regarded句意:如今,与慢跑和游泳一样,骑自行车被看作最好的全面运动形式之一。本句谓语与主语之间是被动关系,表示被看作,应该用被动语态;句子主语部分是A along with B结构,因此谓语动词应在人称和数上与A保持一致,即用单数形式。再由Nowadays可知应用一般现在时,故is regarded。27.was分析句子结构可知,which指代Great Expectations这本书, 故定语从句中的谓语动词应用单数形式;根据句中的strengthened可知,应用一般过去时。故填was。28.had become句意:到大约公元前100年,丝绸已经成
45、为丝绸之路上主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及by about 100 BC可知,become的动作发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。29.was allowed分析句子结构可知,主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系,故应用被动语态;且前一句的was表明此处应用一般过去时,故填was allowed。30.will be rewarded句意:学生们一直在努力学习功课,他们的努力最终会获得成功。语境说学生一直在努力学习(have been working hard),由此可知本空描述的是将来的动作,应该用一般将来时;reward与their efforts 之间为动宾关系,因此这里应用一般将来时
46、的被动语态。31.be made此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由带有汉字的金和银做成的。make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系,又由空前的might可知,此处应填be made。32.is此处是说把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为动名词短语Leaving the less important things until tomorrow,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,再结合句意和空后的often可知,此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时。故填is。33.were根据句中的believed可知,此处应用一般过去时;bel
47、ieved后的宾语从句的主语为knives,谓语动词应用复数。故填were。A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)本文讲述了作者准备邀请好友一起去看一个展览的事情。1.has been考查现在完成时。句中的时间状语for the last three days是现在完成时的标志,故填has been。2.will/is going to close; is closing考查一般将来时或现在进行时表将来。根据时间状语this coming Sunday可知这里用一般将来时,或用现在进行时表示将来。3.am considering考查现在进行时。从语境看,作者买了票,现在正在考虑邀请托尼
48、去看展览,因此用现在进行时表示当前正在进行的动作。4.will have finished考查将来完成时。句中的时间状语表明这里说的是对持续到将来的某种情况的推测,用将来完成时。等到星期天的时候,他的论文就已经完成了。5.told考查一般过去时。根据句中的状语once判断,此处应用一般过去时,表示过去的动作。6.were talking考查过去进行时。语境表示当我进办公室时,我的同事们正在谈论这个展览,应该用过去进行时表示过去某个时候正在进行的动作。7.had gone考查过去完成时。主句使用了一般过去时,此时宾语从句的时态与主句呼应,用过去完成时,表示在过去某一时刻之前已经发生的动作。8.w
49、ill be held考查一般将来时的被动语态。此处叙述的是将来的事情,应用一般将来时,且主语与hold之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态。9.has been looking考查现在完成进行时。时间状语for months表明这里要用现在完成进行时表示较长时间里一直在做某事。10.am starving考查现在进行时。这里表示作者此时很饿,用现在进行时表示当前正在发生的动作。B语法填空几十年来,美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅减少。一项新的研究表明,某种杀虫剂可能会令情况进一步恶化。1.have decreased/have been decreasing考查动词的时态和主谓一致。时间状语ov
50、er the decades常与完成时连用;再结合语境可知,该句应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时;由该句主语Honeybee populations可知,谓语动词应用复数形式,故填have decreased或have been decreasing。2.worse考查形容词的比较级。上文提到几十年来,美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅减少,此处表示某种杀虫剂可能会使情况变得更糟。故填worse。3.an考查冠词。play a role in意为在中起作用,role是可数名词,其定语important的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。4.why考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,作know的宾
51、语;根据语境可知,此处表示科学家不能确定这一情况发生的原因。空处在从句中作原因状语,故填why。5.are used考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空前的关系代词that指代先行词pesticides,在从句中作主语,故从句的谓语动词用复数形式;此处描述的为客观情况,应用一般现在时;use与pesticides是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填are used。6.to stick考查动词不定式。appear to do sth.是固定用法,意为似乎做某事。此处表示这些杀虫剂似乎会在环境中滞留。7.for考查介词。此处表示对农民来说一项持续存在的挑战。故填for。8.protecting考查现在分词。此处表示在保护蜜蜂的同时使其他昆虫远离,在时间状语从句中常省略主语和be动词,且从句主语与protect为主谓关系,故用现在分词。9.unlikely考查词形转换。根据该句中的but there are a number of organizations trying to help honeybees可知,美国农业部表示,不太可能有一个神奇的解决方案。故填unlikely。10.solution考查名词。空前的magic是形容词,且magic前又有数词one,故此处应用名词单数形式solution。- 12 - 版权所有高考资源网
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