1、Module 4Carnival Section Grammar复习被动语态语法图解 课文原句感知Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.If they broke the laws, they were put into prison for up to two years.The party will be held in five days.Two hundred trees have been planted since the man came here.语法领悟(1)句用了一般现在时的被动语
2、态，其构成为am/is/are过去分词。(2)句用了一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/were过去分词。(3)句用了一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为will/shallbe过去分词。(4)句用了现在完成时的被动语态，其构成为have/hasbeen过去分词。一、被动语态的构成和基本用法1被动语态的构成被动语态由“be过去分词” 构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。以下是各种时态的被动语态形式：时态名称被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词过去将来时wouldbe过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebein
3、g过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词2.被动语态的使用场合(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。即学即练1单句语法填空More students will_be_admitted (admit) to this university next
4、 year.A new road is_being_built (build) and is expected to open next month.To my delight, I was_chosen (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.This kind of chocolate has_been_made (make) several times so far.He said the work would_be_finished (finish) in half an hour.When
5、 I got there the work had_been_done (do)二、被动语态的特殊形式(1)含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be过去分词。Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.必须采取措施来制止水受到污染。(2)get过去分词，这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。Some glasses got broken when we were moving.我们搬家时有些玻璃杯被打碎了。名师点津(1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的动词(短语)有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；s
6、uit适合；fit适合；belong to属于；take part in参加；date back to/date from追溯到；consist of 由组成。(2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的动词(短语)有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；run out/give out用完；lose heart 失去信心。即学即练2完成句子所有信件均应立刻回复。All the letters should be answered immedia
7、tely.必须马上做手术。The operation must be done at once.没有人在这次事故中受伤。 Nobody got hurt/injured in the accident.三、主动表示被动意义(1)“系动词(feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等)形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。Your advice sounds practical.你的建议听起来是切实可行的。The soup smells good, but tastes terri
8、ble.这种汤闻起来不错，但太难喝了。(2)当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后有状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers.你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。即学即练3单句语法填空In many peoples opinion, that company, though r
9、elatively small, is pleasant to_deal (deal) with.The problem is worth discussing (discuss) again.The soup tastes (taste) a little sour and a little sweet.That driver was to_blame (blame) for the accident.The cloth washes (wash) easily.链接高考单句语法填空1(2018北京)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tou
10、rists who had_been_trapped (trap) in the mountains for two days.2(2018江苏)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had_been_carried (carry) out in the past two years.3(2017北京)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones hadnt_been_
11、invented (not invent) yet.4(2017全国卷)When all those had_been_done (do), the road surface was replaced.5(2017全国卷)The central London Railway was one of the most successful of these new lines, and was_opened (open) in 1900.6(2017全国卷)Sarah has_been_told/was_told (tell) that she could be Britains new supe
12、rmodel, earning a million dollars in the new year.7(2017全国卷)It was a scene that had_been_repeated (repeat) many times in the theaters 75year history.8(2017北京)If the new safety system had_been_put (put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 9(2016全国卷)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are_used (use) for cooking.10(2016全国卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might be_made_ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.