1、Unit 2 CloningSection Learning about Language语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1Scientists are hoping for a(突破)in the treatment of cancer.2It is said that your team will be asked to(承担)the research.3Seeing other kids(投；掷)small stones into the stream，the little boy also tried to do the same.breakthr
2、oughundertakecasting4 Peoples tastes in music(不 同)from person to personsome are fond of classical music while others enjoy pop music.5I could not find the(准确的)words to express my feelings at that time.6Dont your father about it now；hes very tired.7It is rather difficult for them to another chance to
3、 give a performance in the city hall.differexactbotherobtain8It is unfair that the upper class should continue to wealth.9The students voiced a strong to the new plan.10Look at the sign.Smoking is in this shopping mall.accumulateobjectionforbidden.拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的；与众不
4、同的difference n差异；区别differently adv.不同地 2adj.精确的；准确的exactly adv.确切地 3correct vt.改正；纠正n改正；修正；纠正 4vi.不赞成；反对n不赞成；反对；异议 5vt.&vi.积累；聚积accumulation n积累 differexactcorrectionobjectobjectionaccumulate寻规律、巧记忆 adj.-lyadv.v.-(t)iveadj.roughly 粗糙地quietly 轻声地silently 沉默地selectselective 挑选的sensesensitive 敏感的compet
5、ecompetitive 竞争的.补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 1pay 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 2 the one hand 一方面 3cast 使失望；使沮丧 4have an impact 对有影响 5 present 目前；现在 6 favour of 赞成；支持 offondownonatin7differ 与不同 8object 反对；不赞成；抗议 fromto.选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1She made it clear that she the proposal，for it was useless.2The environmental challenges
6、 are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 3He was because he was scolded.objected topaying offcast down4There were 16 votes my suggestion，and 15 against it.5The amount of taxation will the economy of a country.have an impact onin favour of背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落
7、实 1.Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.克隆植物简单，而克隆动物非常复杂。并 列 连 词while意 为“却；而；然而”，表示对比。Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park _.我的大部分同学都想去公园，而我想去一个更好的地方。while I had an idea of goingto a nicer place 2.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become ser
8、iously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。then 位于句首引 起 完 全 倒装；that 引导同位语从句。_ our team won the game.然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢得了比赛。Then came the exciting newsthat 3.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to
9、 attain their ambitions.尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸上报道说，有些邪恶的头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。在“主语be某些 形 容 词 不 定式”结构中常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。A man who is so difficult to please _.一 个 很 难 取 悦 的人 一 定 很 难 与 之共事。must be hard towork with4.However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is lea
10、ding us.然而，科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向何方感到困惑。wonder whether/if.“想知道”。I am _you could tell me more about this activity.我 想 知 道 你 是 否能 告 诉 我 有 关 这项 活 动 更 多 的 信息。wondering if 核 心 要 点 探 究 differ vi.不同；相异(教材 P10)Think about how they differ.考虑它们有何不同。(1)differ from 与不同/有区别 differ in在方面不同 differ wit
11、h sb.on/about/over sth.与某人在某事上持不同(看法)(2)different adj.不同的 be different from与不同(3)difference n.不同；差别 make a difference(to.)(对)有作用或影响 make no difference(to.)(对)没有影响 Worried about my health，I tried many different kinds of diets but nothing worked.因为担心健康，我尝试了不同的节食方法，但都没有起作用。Apparently，the twins differ e
12、ach other in character.很显然，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。from In our daily life，everyone fails every now and then.But it is how you react that makes big difference.在日常生活中，每个人都会时不时地失败，但你如何做出反应却有很大影响。Therere many(differ)between British English and American English.英式英语与美式英语有很多不同。adifferences语境助记 From the appearance，w
13、e can not tell the difference between thetwins，though they always have some different ideas.And as for thisphenomenon，ideas differ among many people.从外表我们很难说出双胞胎的不同，虽然他们经常有不同的想法。对于这个现象，人与人的看法都不一样。undertake vt.着手；从事；承担；保证(教材 P11)It is a difficult task to undertake.这是一项很难完成的任务。undertake a task/respons
14、ibility承担任务/责任 undertake to do sth.同意、答应或着手做某事 undertake for为负责 undertake that保证 I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.我保证你会喜欢这次旅行的。He undertook(finish)the job by Friday.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。Ill undertake your security.我将保证你的安全。to finishforpay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清(教材 P11)But at last the determination
15、and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthroughthe cloning of Dolly the sheep.但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于 1996 年收获了突破性的结果克隆羊“多莉”。pay for sth.付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价 pay sb.for sth.因某事物给某人报酬 pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复 When can you pay me for the work?你什么时候付给我工钱？That I can pay the help people give me makes me
16、very happy.能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。If you dont work now，youll pay it later when you fail your exams.你现在不好好学，到考试不及格时就会为此付出代价。backfor名师点津 pay off 表示“得到好结果”时，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，且一般用表示事物的名词作主语；表示“偿清，付清工资后解雇”时，是及物动词短语，可用于被动语态。objection nC不赞成；反对；异议(教材 P12)On the other hand，Dollys appearance raised a storm of objec
17、tions and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众想象力也产生了极大的影响。(1)raise an objection to 对提出异议 have/make an/no objection to(doing)sth.对表示反对/不反对(2)object vi.反对；不赞成 object to sb./sth.不赞成某人/某事 object to(sb.)doing sth.反对(某人)做某事 I have an objection to charging for
18、 parking.我反对停车收费。Even though their suggestion sounds perfect，he still objects it.即使他们的建议听起来很完美，他仍然不赞成这个建议。He raised an(object)to getting up so early every morning.他反对每天早上起得那么早。The students objected to(have)classes on Sundays，but their parents did not.学生们反对星期天上课，但是他们的父母不反对。toobjectionhaving语境助记 Tom d
19、ecided to move to the countryside and his father made noobjection to it，while his mother objected to it.汤姆决定搬到乡下去住，爸爸没异议，但妈妈反对。forbid vt.禁止；不准(教材 P12)Some began to reform their legal systems and forbaderesearch into human cloning.有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人类的研究(1)forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事 forbid doing sth.禁止
20、做某事 forbid sb.to do sth.forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事(2)forbidden adj.被禁止的；严禁的 Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.大多数父母都同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟。The law forbids(build)on this land.法律规定禁止在此处修建房屋。In some Chinese restaurants，customers(forbid)to bring their own alcohol and drinks.在中国一些餐馆，
21、客人不可以自带酒水。are forbiddenbuilding名师点津 forbid 后面不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，而是跟动名词作宾语，但可以用 forbid sb.to do sth.，类似的动词还有 advise，allow，permitin favour of 赞成；支持(教材 P12)Is it in favour of cloning or against it?它是赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？(1)in sb.s favour 对某人有利 in favour of sb.支持/赞同某人 do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.给某人帮忙 owe sb.
22、a favour 欠某人情 ask sb.for a favourask a favour of sb.向某人求助(2)favourable adj.有利的；赞成的 The present situation is in his favour.目前的形势对他有利。Would you please do me favour to close the window？请帮我关上窗户好吗？The conditions are(favour)for opening online businesses.各种条件有利于在网上创业。afavourable(教材 P11)Cloning plants is st
23、raightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.克隆植物简单，而克隆动物非常复杂。【要点提炼】本句中 while 作并列连词，连接表示转折对比的并列分句，意为“然而，而”。（1）while 作连词时的用法：（2）while n.一会儿，一段时间for a while 一会儿all the while（all the time）一直，始终 He is a worker while I am a doctor.他是工人而我是医生。While I understand what you say，I cant agree with you
24、.虽然你说的我懂，可是我还是不能同意。Please be quiet Im talking to you.我跟你说话的时候，请保持安静。He sat for while，thinking about what Janice had said to him.他坐了一会儿，考虑着贾妮丝跟他说过的话。awhile(教材 P1112)Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。【要点提炼】本句中 then 位于句首，使用了完全倒装结构。(1)表示地点、时间、方向的副词 there，her
25、e，now，then，in，out，away，down，up，off，next 等词位于句首，谓语动词多是表示运动的不及物动词 come，go，leave，move，run，fly，rush，jump等，而且主语是名词时，主谓要完全倒装。(2)作地点状语的介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装(谓语动词常为不及物动词)。(3)作表语的形容词、过去分词、不定式或介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装。Out rushed Li Ping as soon as the bell rang.铃声一响，李平就冲了出去。Now(come)the opportunity to prove your innocence.现
26、在证明你清白的机会来了。In the middle of the mountain(lie)a temple dating from the Tang Dynasty.半山腰有座建于唐朝时期的庙。comeslies(教材 P12)Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions
27、.尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸上报道说，有些邪恶的头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。【要点提炼】从句中使用了“主语beadj.不定式”结构，在该结构中常常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。(1)常用形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting 等。(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few
28、minutes.这台机器很容易操作。任何人学习几分钟就会使用。The armchair looks rather hard，but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good(breathe)在夏季我喜欢早点起床。能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。to breathe 1Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research i
29、nto human cloning，but other countries like China and the UK，continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.【分析】本句是由 but 连接的两个并列分句；第二个分句中 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 evidence。【翻译】有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是其他国家，如中国和英国，则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供大量医疗救助的证据。2However，scientists sti
30、ll wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.【分析】本句是主从复合句。在 wonder 后面是 and 连接的两个宾语从句，分别由 whether 和 where 引导。【翻译】然而，科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向何方感到困惑。随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空 1In view of our long business relation，we do not object another negotiation.2He(forbid)them fro
31、m mentioning the subject again.3 Dr Johnson(undertake)the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary last year.4There are many (differ)between the two languages.toforbad/forbadeundertookdifferences5Should teachers be accountable for their students exam results？Are you favour of it?6Please do
32、nt talk so loudly others are working.7Once weve got the debt paid，Ill buy a new car.8Then(come)the hour we had been looking forward.9Those air conditioners are our best-selling products because they are easy (handle)and work with little noise.10My brother worked hard and(obtain)a scholarship.inwhile
33、offcameto handleobtained.完成句子 1He wants to study abroad _ 他想出国留学，而他父母却宁愿他待在国内。2his son was nowhere to be found.然后传来到处找不到他儿子的坏消息。3To my disappointment，the question _ 令我沮丧的是，这个问题很难回答。is difficult/hard to answerwhile his parents prefer him to stay athomeThen came the bad news that4Everyone is privately.不许任何人私自拥有枪支。5As far as I know，he has the job by Friday.据我所知，他已答应星期五之前完成这项工作。undertaken to finishforbidden to own a gun点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!