1、Unit 1Art Section Grammar虚拟语气()虚拟语气在条件句中的运用1非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式(1)与现在事实相反条件从句用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用were)，主句用“would (should/might/could)动词原形”。如：If I were you, I would accept the invitation to the party.如果我是你的话，我将接受去聚会的邀请。(2)与将来事实相反条件从句用过去时或者“were to动词原形”或者“should动词原形”，主句用“would (should/might/could)动词原形”。如：If
2、it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldnt have an exam.如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。2非真实条件句的特殊形式(1)虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装如果if虚拟条件句中有were, had或者should等词时，可以省略if，把这些词放在主语前，形成倒装句。如：If I should meet her (Should I meet her), I would tell her.如果我遇见她的话，我就告诉她。(2)错综时间条件句有时在非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这时主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自
3、所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如：Had I taken my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now.如果我今天早上出来的时候带着伞的话，现在就不会淋湿了。(从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情)(3)含蓄虚拟条件句有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其他方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。主要有以下几种情况：用with, without, but for等介词(短语)来替代条件从句，它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如：We might have died
4、without your help.We might have died if you hadnt helped us.如果(那时)没有你们的帮助，我们可能已经死了。用or, otherwise, but that, suppose/supposing (that), provided/providing(that)等引导的虚拟语气。如：You didnt come yesterday, or you would have seen him.你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。通过上下文来表示虚拟，在这种情况下，需要加以分析。如：I would have given you more m
5、oney, but I was so poor then.我(那时如果有钱的话)就会给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。.同义句转换1He wants to come to the party, but he cant because he has to work.He would_come to the party if he didnt have to work.2Li Qiang is easygoing, so he has a number of friends.If he were not easygoing, Li Qiang wouldnt_have a number of fr
6、iends.3If he continues to work hard like this, he will get a higher position.If_he_should_continue/Should_he_continue/If_he_were_to_continue/Were_he_to_continue/If_he_continued to work hard like this, he would get a higher position.4We know little about the disease, so we are not able to treat the p
7、atients effectively.If we knew more about the disease, we would be able to treat the patients effectively.5Thanks to your timely warning, we didnt get into great trouble.But for your timely warning, we would_have_got into great trouble.用所给词的适当形式填空1If the factory belonged (belong) to me, I wouldnt_se
8、ll (not sell) it.But it isnt yours.2If you had_kept (keep) the secret, nobody would_have_known (know) it.Im sorry for making such a mistake.3If the weather were to be fine tomorrow, I would_go (go) for an outing with my parents.4Were (be) I you, I would think about this problem once again.5Had (have
9、) I had time last night, I would_have_gone (go) to see this wonderful film.6If I had worked harder at school, I would_be_sitting (sit) in a comfortable office now.7I would_have_called (call) you, but I forgot your telephone number.8Had it not been for your overcoat, I would_have_died (die)9What a di
10、fficult test! Fortunately I worked hard, otherwise I would_have_failed (fail)10I realized that if I had_done (do) that, I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.句型训练1If_I_were_in_your_position/Were_I_in_your_position (如果我在你的位置上), I would do it better.2If it were to clear up tomorrow, we would_go_for_a_picnic(就去野餐)3If_I_were_a_boy (如果我是一个男孩), I would certainly join the army.4I would be very happy, if I had_an_elder_sister_like_you (有一个你这样的姐姐)5But_for_the_fine_weather (要不是天气好的话), I couldnt go climbing that day.